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Rational of bed rest in high-risk pregnancy

Dr. Fadwa Tahir

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. P.O. Box: 715, Postal Code:21955

Email: fadwaht3@gmail.com

Abstract: A woman's pregnancy is seen as a unique and common time of her life. The recommendation to restrict physical activity and remain in bed when pregnant has been given to women for more than a century. For about 20% of all pregnant women, antepartum bed rest or activity restriction is advised to minimize negative outcomes linked to problems of high-risk pregnancies. Antepartum bed rest or activity restriction is prescribed for roughly 20% of all pregnant women to help prevent complications from high-risk pregnancies. More than 70% of maternal fetal medicine clinicians recommended bed rest for preterm labor, and around 90% of them recommended it for premature membrane rupture. Numerous medical issues necessitate bed rest for pregnant women. In contrast to the extensive list of these scenarios, there is little evidence in favor of bed rest. While some of the challenges weren't specifically studied and others had only been lightly looked at. The World Health Organization and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists both agree that further research is required to fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of bed rest for both the mother and her fetus.

[Fadwa Tahir. Rational of bed rest in high-risk pregnancy. Life Sci J 2022;19(10):1-7]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 01.doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.01.

Keywords: Pregnancy, Women health, Bed rest, High-risk pregnancy, Activity restriction.

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Pattern of husband support for pregnant women in Saudi Arabia

Dr. Fadwa Tahir

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. P.O. Box: 715, Postal Code:21955

Email: fadwaht3@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Husband support helps decreasing overload on the wife during and after pregnancy leading to decrease maternal morbidity. Husband support was significantly related to depressive symptom reduction and better general health. Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia involving 699 Saudi Arabian women during the period between June, 2020 and January, 2021. Data was collected through an online questionnaire formulated to survey saudi women due to covid 19 pandemics measures. The internal consistancy of the questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha was 0.769. Results: More than 80% of participants had positive pattern of husband support. Prevalence of postpartum depression among participants was 40.2%. Husband support showed significant association with postpartum depression (p<0.001) with higher prevalence of postpartum depression among those with low husband support (50% VS 33%). After doing logistic regression analysis for the significant independent predictors of postpartum depression, husband support (P<0.001 and AOR 0.501), COVID 19 preventive measures commitment (P=0.022 and AOR 0.617), and residence (P=0.018 and OR = 0.326) remained significant. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression among participants was high. Husband support is a very important factor that needs increasing awareness of women and their husbands of its importance aiming to decrease prevalence of postpartum depression and other psychiatric disorders. Health education campaigns and interventions are needed for this purpose. Further research is needed to assess independent risk factors for developing postpartum depression in depth.

[Fadwa Tahir Pattern of husband support for pregnant women in Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 2022;19(10):8-15]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online).http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 02.doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.02.

Keywords: Postpartum depression, Husband support, COVID 19, Maternal morbidity.

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 Impact of ABO Blood Groups and Haemoglobin Variants on the Prevalence of Acute Falciparum Malaria Infection

¹Igbeneghu C*, ¹Alabi TT, ²Adebayo TO, ³Olisekodiaka MJ, ³Onuegbu JA, ⁴Odaibo AB

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences, ²Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, ³Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria, ⁴Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

*Corresponding Author: cigbeneghu@lautech.edu.ng, Phone: +234-803-8077-892

ABSTRACT

Background: There are conflicting reports on the effect of ABO blood type or haemoglobin genotype on the prevalence of falciparum malaria. The present study examined the effects of ABO blood groups and hemoglobin variants on the prevalence of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 486 malaria positive patients and 486 controls (apparently healthy malaria negative individuals) of age ≥ 16 years were screened for this study. Thick and thin Giemsa-stained blood smears were examined for malaria parasite, ABO blood group antigens tests were performed by standard tube and tile techniques and hemoglobin genotype was determined by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Results: There was no significant relationship between ABO blood groups and malaria (ᵡ² = 1.14, df = 3, p = 0.767). However, malaria varied significantly with hemoglobin variants (ᵡ² = 27.09, df = 5, p < 0.001). A significant association was observed in the distributions of blood types A, B and O in the malaria group between AA and AS variants only (ᵡ² = 7.931, df = 2, p = 0.019). Proportion of malaria infection increases as follows: O+AS (0.345) < B+AS (0.424) < A+AS (0.468) < A+AA (0.489) < B+AA (0.55) < O+AA (0.568). Conclusion: This study reveals that when singly considered, malaria infection is influenced by haemoglobin genotype but not by ABO blood type. When combined, O individuals are the most resistant to malaria infection if they are AS but the most susceptible if they are AA.

[Igbeneghu C, Alabi TT, Adebayo TO, Olisekodiaka MJ, Onuegbu JA, Odaibo AB. Impact of ABO Blood Groups and Haemoglobin Variants on the Prevalence of Acute Falciparum Malaria Infection. Life Sci J 2022;19(10):

16-20]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 03

doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.03.

Keywords: ABO blood groups, Haemoglobin variants, falciparum malaria, prevalence 

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Emotion Recognition in Kindergarten Children: Neural Network on Deepface

Hind Daori^1* and Alanood Alanazi¹

¹Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.

²Industrial Innovation & Robotics Center (IIRC), University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.

*Corresponding author(s). E-mail(s): 431010252@stu.ut.edu.sa Contributing authors: 431010246@stu.ut.edu.sa

Abstract: Emotions are very important to children, and they should be taught how to express themselves properly in order to avoid getting upset. Kindergarten teachers must also be aware of how to manage and understand kids’ feelings. Thus, artificial intelligence has an important role in the field of facial recognition, where Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are used because of their excellent generalization properties. However, they are complex and do not create accurate results. This work describes a deep face algorithm which is an advanced algorithm used for pre-processing facial images. The emotion reading device was created through the use of Raspberry Pi, using a deep face algorithm to analyze children’s facial expressions. This device will analyze and read the child’s facial expressions when he enters the kindergarten through a camera in no more than Five seconds. After that, it will display a motivational video that will encourage the child to start a school day full of energy and happiness.

[Hind Daori and Alanood Alanazi Emotion Recognition in Kindergarten Children: Neural Network on Deepface Life Sci J 2022;19(10):21-30]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 04.doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.04.

Keywords: Deepface Emotion analysis, Children, Emotional Facial Expression (EFE), Raspberry Pi, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)

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Seasonal nutritional value of Leucophyllum frutescens (Berl.) I.M. Jhonst. (Scrophulariaceae) and Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg (Rutaceae), natives of north-eastern Mexico

María del Socorro Alvarado • María Andrea Cerrillo Soto* • Maribel Guerrero Cervantes • Roque G. Ramírez Lozano • AbdelFattah Salem • Humberto González Rodríguez • Tilo G. Domínguez Gómez • Marco A. Gómez Meza • Arturo S. Juárez Reyes

M. S. Alvarado • M. A. Cerrillo Soto * • A. S. Juárez Reyes • M. Guerrero Cervantes • T. G. Domínguez Gómez

Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,

Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, México.

e-mail: acerrillos@terra.com.mx

R. G. Ramírez Lozano

Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas

Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L. México

A.Z.M. Salem

Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

Toluca, México

H. González Rodríguez

Facultad de Ciencias Forestales

Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

Linares, N.L. México

M. A. Gómez Meza

Facultad de Economía

Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

Monterrey, N.L., México

Abstract Shrubs are an important source of nutrients for small ruminants in the Tamaulipan thornscrub of north-eastern Mexico. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value of Zanthoxylum fagara and Leucophyllum frutescens using in vitro procedures. Collection was carried out from three sites from Nuevo León, Mexico, for one year, and the CT content, IVGP, IVOMTD, determination of ME and MPS were analyzed in triplicate. Statistical analysis was performed using a general linear model for a completely randomized design with multifactorial arrangement (4 seasons, 3 sites, 2 species). There were differences (P < 0.001) among species, sites and seasons and also in the interactions between these factors on the nutritional attributes of shrub species (P < 0.001). Both species had low condensed tannins. For Z. fagara, the IVGP parameters and the variables studied indicate it is a valuable species because of its nutritional potential (b = 245 ml, c = 0.072 h^-1, L= 1.55 h, Gas24 = 194 ml, Gas48 = 231 ml, ME = 2 Mcal kg^-1 MS, IVOMTD = 88% and MPS = 7 μmol). During the autumn of 2005 and the winter of 2006 a greater volume of gas, greater energy input and microbial protein synthesis occurred. Both species were considered to be a good source of energy and protein complement of high quality for grazing of small ruminants.

[María del Socorro Alvarado • María Andrea Cerrillo Soto* • Maribel Guerrero Cervantes • Roque G. Ramírez Lozano • AbdelFattah Salem • Humberto González Rodríguez • Tilo G. Domínguez Gómez • Marco A. Gómez Meza • Arturo S. Juárez Reyes. Seasonal nutritional value of Leucophyllum frutescens (Berl.) I.M. Jhonst. (Scrophulariaceae) and Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg (Rutaceae), natives of north-eastern Mexico. Life Sci J 2022;19(10):31-40]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 05.

doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.05.

Key words: North-eastern Mexico • Shrubs • Small ruminants• Nutritional value • In vitro gas production

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Bone precursor from biowaste of Albaha city of Saudi Arabia: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility

Touseef Amna*

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha 1988, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding author at:

Tel: +966-55-184-3547

E-mail: touseefamna@gmail.com  (T.Amna)

touseefamna@jbnu.ac.kr

Abstract

At present hydroxyapatite is being frequently used for diverse biomedical purposes as it possesses excellent biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and non-immunogenic characteristics. The aim of present work was to design novel zero-dimensional (0D) biomimetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as bone extracellular matrix. For this reason we for the first time utilized bio-waste of cow bones of Albaha city. The obtained bone bio-waste was consumed for extraction of natural bone precursor hydroxyapatite. A very straightforward approach has been used to synthesize hydroxyapatite nanoparticles through calcinations of local cow bones without further supplementation of chemicals/or compounds. The obtained hydroxyapatite powder was ascertained using physicochemical techniques such as XRD, SEM, FTIR and EDX. These analyses clearly show that hydroxyapatite from native cow biowaste is biologically and physico-chemically comparable to standard hydroxyapatite, commonly used for biomedical purposes. The cell viability and proliferation over the prepared hydroxyapatite was confirmed with CCk-8 colorimetric assay. The morphology of the cells growing over the nano-hydroxyapatite shows that natural hydroxyapatite promotes cellular attachment and proliferation. Hence, the as-prepared nano-hydroxyapatite can be considered as economical source of bone precursor hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering. Taking into account the projected demand for reliable bone implants, the present research work formulate to use environment friendly methods to convert bio-waste of Albaha city into novel nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds. Besides, being an initial step towards accomplishment of projected demands of bone implants in Saudi Arabia, our study will also help in reducing the environmental burden by recycling of bio-wastes of Albaha city.

[Touseef Amna. Bone precursor from biowaste of Albaha city of Saudi Arabia: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility. Life Sci J 2022;19(10):41-49]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 06.doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.06.

Keywords: Albaha city, Saudi Arabia, Implants, Hydroxyapatite, Native Cow, Bio-waste

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Genetic Analysis of Some Quantitatively Inherited Plant Traits in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Shahzadi Mahpara¹, Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani ², Muhammad Kamran Qureshi ³, Safdar Hussain ², Javaid Iqbal ², Muhammad Shahnawaz ¹

¹Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan

² Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan

³Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, BZU Multan

ABSTRACT

This experiment was conducted to find out genetic effects for some quantitatively inherited plant traits using six generations viz., parents, their first and second filial generations and their backcrosses (BC-I, BC-II) of two wheat crosses namely, Mairaj-08 × Blue Silver (cross-I) and Faisalabad-08 × DH-60(cross-II).Generation mean analysis through scaling test (A,B,C,D) was performed which highlighted the presence of non-allelic gene interaction in many plant studied traits in both crosses due to differences in origin of all parents involved. So, a six parameter model was applied to estimate the characteristics of gene action in these plant traits except in 1000-grains weight. Additive gene action was controlling many plant traits in both crosses except for days to maturity, plant height, spike density in cross-I while number of spikelet spike^-1, number of grains spike^-1 and grain yield plant^-1 in cross-II. It is concluded that most of the traits in Faisalabad-08 × DH-60 were under control of additive gene action so this cross may be utilized for high grain yield in future wheat enhancement breeding program.

[Shahzadi Mahpara, Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani , Muhammad Kamran Qureshi, Safdar Hussain , Javaid Iqbal, Muhammad Shahnawaz. Genetic Analysis of Some Quantitatively Inherited Plant Traits in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Life Sci J 2022;19(10):50-58]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 07.doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.07.

Key words: Wheat, Epistasis, Generation mean analysis, Plant traits, Gene action, Additive gene interaction, Grain yield.

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Tetanus: A review of the literature

Gashaw Enbiyale (Dr)

Field Practitioner at University of Gondar Veterinary hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and science, University of Gondar, P.o. box. 196, Gondar, Ethiopia,

enbiyalegashaw@gmail.com

Abstract: This review work was conducted from august 2016 to march in 2017 in Ethiopia. Tetanus is caused by an infection with the bacterium Clostridium tetani which is commonly found in soil, saliva, dust, and manure. Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an infection characterized by muscle spasms. In the most common type, the spasms begin in the jaw and then progress to the rest of the body. These spasms usually last a few minutes each time and occur frequently for three to four weeks. Tetanus is now a rare disease in the developed world. However,  it remains an  important  cause of death worldwide and is associated with a high case mortality, particularly in the  developing  world. Modern intensive care management should  prevent death from acute respiratory failure, but cardiovascular  complications as a result of  autonomic   instability and other causes of death remain problematic.In this article,  i review  the epidemiology,  pathophysiology, clinical  feat ures, and current management of tetanus.

[Gashaw,  E. Tetanus: A review of the literature, Life Sci J 2022;19(10):59-70]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 08.doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.08.

Keywords: infection, tetanus; complications, autonomic dysfunction; intensive care,management; complications, death

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Post Cesarean Section Patients Concept and Satisfaction about types of Anesthesia

¹Ejaimi Gamal, ⁴Fatimah A. Alzhrani ²Rishi Kr Bharti  , ³Waleed H. Alfaifi, ¹Sittelnissa Saeed, ⁵Faisal M. alghadam, ²Yousif Alamin

¹Assistant professor , Anaesthesia and intensive care, department of surgery, college of medicine, King Khalid University.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine,   King Khalid University, Abha, P.O. Box 641, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

³Aseer Central Hospital. MBBS,²Obstetrics and gynecology resident, Ministry  of  Health , KSA.

⁴ Medical student, King Khalid University.

⁵clinical director of anaesthesia and intensive care, armed forces hospital, Khamis mushayat, Aseer.

Correspondence:

Dr. Gamal A. M. Ejaimi, Assistant professor, Anesthesia & Intensive care. Department of Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Aseer Central Hospital.

E-mail: gamalejaimi@hotmail.com

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to determine and assess the awareness, concept, and satisfaction of pregnant women about anesthesia for cesarean section and to evaluate the role of health staff, including anesthesia, in providing safe, efficient anaesthesia. Methods: A 170 post-caesarean section women admitted to the postnatal wards or attended the Postnatal Clinics at Abha Maternity and Children Hospital, KhamisMushaytCity Hospital, and KhamisMushayt Military Hospital were included. A self-administered questionnaire was designed. It comprised personal characteristics, types of anesthesia, satisfaction about anesthesia and complications during and after the procedure. Results: The use of general anesthesia among patients with previous and current cesarean section was found to be higher than spinal anesthesia. Excellent satisfaction about anaesthesia was demonstrated by 43.5% of patients, while 29.4% and 17% stated good, and fair respectively. A 9.4% of patients demonstrated poor satisfaction. Breastfeeding within the day of the procedure and one day after were 29.4% and 34.1% respectively. Conclusion: Utilization of general anaesthesia as a technique for cesarean section is high among parturients  while dissatisfaction about anaesthesia is still high. Regional anesthesia should be used for cesarean section whenever it is feasible. Implementation of modes of birth delivery and modalities of anaesthesia for cesarean section in the antenatal program.

[Ejaimi Gamal, Fatimah A. Alzhrani Rishi Kr Bharti, Waleed H. Alfaifi, Sittelnissa Saeed, Faisal M. alghadam, Yousif Alamin. Post Cesarean Section Patients Concept and Satisfaction about types of Anesthesia. Life Sci J 2022; 19(10):71-76]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 09. doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.09.

Keywords: Cesarean Section(CS) , Delivery, Anesthesia, General anesthesia, Regional anesthesia

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A review on phytochemistry, pharmacological and nutritional uses of Chlorophytum tuberosum (Roxb.) Baker

Musadiq H. Bhat*, Mufida Fayaz, Amit Kumar and Ashok K. Jain

School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh 474011, India

*E-mail: musadiqali131@gmail.com

Corresponding author:

Musadiq H. Bhat

Institute of Ethnobiology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh 474011, India

Tel.: +9189898024533

E-mail: musadiqali131@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Chlorophytum tuberosum (Roxb.) Baker (Asparagaceae) commonly known as Safed musli is widely distributed in in India. This species possesses potential medicinal uses in traditional herbal medicine mainly in India for treating various ailments like diabetes, diarrhoea, leucorrhoea, kidney stones, sexual disorders, general debility etc. It has been evaluated for many pharmacological activities to validate its traditional claims and has been scientifically reported to possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory activities, etc. Phytochemical investigations indicated the presence of varied contents of bioactive compounds from various parts of this plant such as saponins, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenes, triterpenenoids, etc. This review emphasizes on its phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, pharmacology, and nutritional aspects of C. tuberosum.

[Musadiq H. Bhat, Mufida Fayaz, Amit Kumar and Ashok K. Jain. A review on phytochemistry, pharmacological and nutritional uses of Chlorophytum tuberosum (Roxb.) Baker . Life Sci J 2022;19(10):77-86]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10.doi:10.7537/marslsj191022.10.

Keywords: Asparagaceae; aphrodisiac; immunomodulatory; Chlorophytum tuberosum 

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