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Review On Prevalence, Public Health And Economic Significance Of Bovine Metacestodes

Asmamaw Aki * and Yesuf Hojele Yesuf

Assosa, Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box 326, Assosa, Ethiopia; asmamawaki@gmail.com, phone: +251- 902330029

Abstract: Metacestode infestations in animals are the most important parasite of livestock and humans because most of these parasites are zoonotic causing cysticercosis and hydatidosis both in man and animals.  It causes economic and production losses in livestock. Bovine cysticercosis is a parasitic infection of cattle caused by the larval stage (cysticercus) of the cestode Taenia saginata. It is a cosmopolitan disease occurring in industrialised as well as developing countries. Humans are the definitive host and harbour the adult form of the parasite in their intestines. In cattle, natural infections are normally asymptomatic but they cause financial losses to the cattle industry due to downgrading, condemnation, extra handling, refrigeration and transport of the infected carcasses. The prevalence of the disease both in human and animals is high and economically significant. Nowadays, since there are accustoms of eating raw meat, lack of knowledge about ways of disease transmission, backyard slaughtering of animals especially during holydays, ignorance incision of meat by meat inspectors and lack of sanitation can give a great favour for continual existence of the parasite within the human and animal population. Strict routine meat inspection of slaughtered animals should be carried out and there should be public awareness about the health and economic importance of the disease.

[Asmamaw Aki,  Yesuf  Hojele Yesuf. Review On Prevalence, Public Health And Economic Significance Of Bovine Metacestodes.  Life Sci J 2025;22(1):1-18]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 01. doi:10.7537/marslsj220125.01

Keywords: Bovine; cattle; cysticercosis; meta cestode; hydatidosis; Taeniasis; Taenia saginata

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Retrospective Study Of Livestock Morbidity And Mortality In Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia.

Asmamaw Aki*, Birhanu Eticha, Gezachew and Abebe Bulcha

Assosa, Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O.

Box 326, Assosa, Ethiopia; asmamawaki@gmail.com, phone: +251- 902330029

ABSTRACT:  Survey was  conducted on retrospective  and  animal health problems  in the 16 kebeles of  Bambasi, Menge,  Ura, Wombera and Dangur districts in Benishangul Gumuz regional state, with the objectives to identify the main constraints related with livestock production and cause morbidity, mortality and associated risk factors. In this survey, the demographic features of respondents were assessed and 9.2%, 6.50%, 7.36%, 5.85%  and 26.95% of relative mortality rate were recorded in Cattle, Sheep, Goat,  equine and poultry respectively in six woredas (16 kebeles) of study sites. The highest and lowest (26.95%) and (5.85%) crude mortality rates were recorded in poultry and equine (donkey) respectively. Without poultry, overall crude mortality rates were 7.22%. 11.67%, 15.06%, and 4.67% of relative young mortality rate were recorded in Calf, sheep lamb, and goat kid  respectively in five  woredas (16 kebeles) of study sites. So, overall 10.09 % of young crude mortality rate was recorded. Respondents of  livestock owners indicated that , the highest morbidity rates were  Trypanosomosis  (20.95%) , NCD(16.16%),  CBPP(10.97%),  pneumonia(10.77%), avian salmonella(10.17%), Bovine pastuerellosis (9.98%), while the lowest morbidity rates were CCPP(4.69%),  Shoat pox (5.28%),  equine pneumonia(5.68%), ovine pasteurellosis (5.28%). In study areas, unappropriate treatment, irregular vaccination schedule, less monitoring system, and weak disease surveillance were the main gaps identified. Therefore, strategic prevention and control measures should be implemented properly in study areas so as to reduce the problems encountered.

[Asmamaw Aki, Birhanu Eticha, Gezachew and Abebe Bulch. Retrospective Study Of Livestock Morbidity And Mortality In Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia. Life Sci J 2025;22(1):19-30]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 02. doi:10.7537/marslsj220125.02

Keywords:  Bambasi; Menge; Dangur; morbidity; mortality; respondents; Ura; Wombera

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Prevalence Of Bovine Schistosomosis In Fogera District

Dr. Kindalem Bayew Wassie

Animal Health Department Head in Janamora Wereda Livestock Development Office.

kindalembayew@gmail.com

Janamora, North Gondar, Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2019 to April 2020 in Fogera district to determine the prevalence of bovine Schistosomosis. Schistosomosis in cattle is one of the well known parasitic diseases locally referred to as ��Yeweha till�� meaning water-borne worm infection. From the total of 430 cattle examined using coproscopical examination in the field survey 27.9% (n= 120) were found to be positive for schistosoma bovis. Of the total 80 cattle examined in the abattoir, 12.5% (n=10) were positive for shistosoma adult female and male worms during postmortem finding but only 6.25% (n=5) of them were found positive schistosoma eggs using coproscopical examination. The prevalence of schistosomosis was found also higher in local cattle (23.49%) than that of Fogera (6.04%) and cross-bred cattle (Local X Fogera) (4.42%). The prevalence of the disease was higher in age group of cattle above 5 years of age (15.8%) than that of age groups between 1.5 to 5 years (10%) and below 1.5 years (2.09%). The prevalence of bovine Schistosomosis in female cattle (14.90 %) was found greater than that of male (13.02%). The present study was carried out on bovine schistosomosis in Fogera district has the objectives of to provide detailed information of cattle Schistosomosis, to determine the prevalence of bovine schistosomosis according to sex, age and breed of cattle and to determine the prevalence of bovine schistosomosis in slaughtered animals.

[Kindalem Bayew Wassie. Prevalence Of Bovine Schistosomosis In Fogera District. Life Sci J 2025;22(1):31-35]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 03. doi:10.7537/marslsj220125.03

Keywords: Prevalence, Schistosoma bovis, Fogera, Ethiopia

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Biological Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Cucumis callous (Rottl.) Cong Underutilization Vegetable

Shraddha Vaghasiya¹ and Kalpesh Ishnava^1*

^1*P G Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar-388121, Gujarat, INDIA. Distract – Anand, State – Gujarat, Country- India.

Email: kalpeshishnava@spuvvn.edu

ABSTARCT: Cucumis callosus is a member of the cucumber family and widely many regions of world for its underutilization vegetable and medicinal purposes. The present study focuses on assess biological activity of different extracts and evaluate the presence of phytochemicals through qualitative tests. Fruit powder extracted in soxhlet extractor using different organic solvent (Chloroform, Ethanol, Methanol, Petroleum ether). All four extracts study the anti- inflammatory activity, in vitro alpha – amylase inhibitory activity, anthelmintic activity and antibacterial activity.  The qualitative analysis of different organic solvent extracts evaluated. Four different organic solvent out of this methanol solvent extract give comparatively show better biological. activity in protein denaturation and alpha – Amylase. C. callosus extracts have demonstrated significant alpha-amylase inhibitory activity, which could be useful in the management of diabetes. Methanolic extracts have shown potential anthelmintic activity against various intestinal parasites, which could be useful in the treatment of parasitic infections. Fruit extracts have exhibited antibacterial activity against several bacterial strains, which could be beneficial in the treatment of bacterial infections. All organic solvent presents the alkaloid, phenol and Tannins. The presence of these phytochemicals in the plant extract may contribute to their curing of disease.  The present bioactive compounds in C. callosus it may be potential therapeutic properties make it a promising candidate for the development of new natural medicines for various diseases and conditions. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and cytotoxicity of C. callosus extracts.

[Shraddha Vaghasiya and Kalpesh Ishnava. Biological Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Cucumis callous (Rottl.) Cong Underutilization Vegetable. Life Sci J 2025;22(1):36-45]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 04. doi:10.7537/marslsj220125.04

Key words: Cucumis callosus; Fruit, Biological Activity; Phytochemical Analysis

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