Welcome to send your manuscript to: lifesciencej@gmail.com

No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

A Review on Opportunities and Challenges for Livestock Production in Gonji Kolela District, Addis Alem, Ethiopia

Abebe Mihret¹, Beyenech Gebeyehu²

¹North Gojjam Zone Livestock and Fisheries Resource Development Nominal Office, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

²Bahir Dar University College of Agricutlure and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

abebemihret928@gmail.com

Abstract: Livestock contributes immensely to rural livelihoods through numerous channels including income, food, employment, transport, draft power, manure, savings and insurance, social status among others. The major objectives of this paper are to review major problems facing livestock rearing in Gonji Kolela district and highlight the prevalent animal diseases in the district. Suitable agro-ecology of the District for livestock production, the presence of Washera sheep breed which are highly demanded in neighboring districts as well as in different research centers, presence of huge crop residues in the district for livestock feed and the readily available market for red meat are opportunities for livestock production in the Gonji Kolela District. Challenges facing livestock production in the district include diseases, feed shortage, inadequate information on how to improve animal breeding and Lack of support services. Anthrax, Blackleg and Ovine Pasteurellosis are categorized as the major bacterial diseases in the district and Lumpy Skin Disease, Sheep and Goat pox, New Castle Disease, Rabies, African Horse sickness and Infectious Bursal Disease are viral diseases present. Paramphystomiasis, Ascariasis, Strongylosis, Coccidiosis, Trichuriasis and infection with Moniezia are the endo-parasites. In the case of ectoparasites in sheep and goats, fleas were found frequently followed by lice. Different Measures have been taken to prevent and control the diseases, like vaccination and strategic deworming. In the district, only governmental budget is used for veterinary services, which is not enough to give full service. Non-governmental organizations should support veterinary services in the district.

[Abebe Mihret, Beyenech Gebeyehu. A Review on Opportunities and Challenges for Livestock Production in Gonji Kolela District, Addis Alem, Ethiopia. Life Sci J 2024;21(10):1-7]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 01. doi:10.7537/marslsj211024.01

Keywords: Challenges; Diseases; Gonji Kolela; Livestock; Opportunities

Full Text

1

2

Biosorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution using Unmodified Plantain Stalk (UPS) Biomass

B.I. Nwabueze¹, O.O Nwabueze¹, B.O Isiuku¹, V.O Njoku¹, C.B. Adindu¹ and O.O. John-Dewole²

1.     Department of Chemistry, Imo State University

2.     Department of Chemical Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan

Email: johnwol19@gmail.com, https://orchid.org/0000-0003-4883-7750

ABSTRACT: Plantain stalk have generally been constituted environmental waste, yearly after harvest seasons. Water coloration has been another expensive environmental pollution to remediate. In this research work, the potential removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution using plantain stalk as adsorbent was studied.  300 g of powdered unmodified plantain stalk (UPS) was used as sample in the adsorbent experiment.  Various experimental parameters of MB were evaluated. Optimum temperature of 30 ⁰C, pH of 5 and adsorbent dose of 1g was maintained throughout the experiment. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) were also used to analyze the sample both before adsorption and after adsorption. The BET summary was; slope = 22.113, Intercept = 2.577e+00, correlation coefficient = 0.996943, C constant = 9.580, Surface Area = 141.046 m²/g.

[B.I. Nwabueze, O.O Nwabueze, B.O Isiuku, V.O Njoku, C.B. Adindu and O.O. John-Dewole. Biosorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution using Unmodified Plantain Stalk (UPS) Biomass. Life Sci J 2024;21(10):8-14]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 02. doi:10.7537/marslsj211024.02

Keywords: Biosorption, Activated Carbon, Water Pollution, Pilot Study, Biomass, Recycle, Surface Area

Full Text

2

3

Systematic Review on the Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomiasis from 2008-2023 in Benishangul - Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia

¹Bayisa Kenaw*, ²Haile Work, ³Abebe Bulcha, ⁴Yami Bote, ⁵   Oumer Yasin

¹Veterinary Epidemiologist at the Bureau of Agriculture, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Assosa, Ethiopia

²Veterinary public health expert at the Bureau of Agriculture, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Assosa, Ethiopia

³Animal health directorate director at Bureau of Agriculture, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Assosa, Ethiopia

⁴Animal health expert at the Bureau of Agriculture, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Assosa, Ethiopia

⁵Animal health expert at the Bureau of Agriculture, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Assosa, Ethiopia

Abstract: Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis in Ethiopia is widely distributed in the western and southwestern lowlands and the major river valleys. This systematic review of bovine trypanosomiasis assessed 15 years of articles from 2008–2023 in the Benishangul Gumuz region. The systematic review was accomplished according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol; published articles were collected from Google Scholar and PubMed. As a result, the three-trypanosome species T. congolense, T. vivax, and T. brucei were recorded from different articles. The mean prevalence of trypanosomiasis in the region was 13.6%, and in all the cases, T. congolense was found to be the most prevalent species and T. brucei was the least prevalent species. Based on the entomological analysis, G. moristans submorsitans was the most commonly occurring species of tsetse fly in the region, while G. tachinoides was recorded only from Oda Buldiglu district of Assosa zone and Pawe district of Metkel zone. The highest FTD of 7.7 and the lowest FTD of 0.32 tsetse fly caught were recorded from Bambasi district in the same year at different times of the study. Most of the trypanosomiasis studies concentrated on the years 2015 to 2020. The prevalence of trypanosomiasis is gradually decreasing from 2011 to 2023. It indicated the scarcity of data in some areas of the region and seasons of the year. So, to reduce the prevalence of trypanosomiasis and its impact, unintegrated tsetse and trypanosomiasis prevention and control methods should be implemented in the region. Tsetse and trypanosomiasis surveillance should address untouched areas of the region and all seasons of the year.

[Bayisa Kenaw, Haile Work, Abebe Bulcha, Yami Bote, and   Oumer Yasin, Systematic Review on the Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomiasis from 2008-2023 in Benishangul - Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia. Life Sci J 2024;21(10):15-22]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 03. doi:10.7537/marslsj211024.03

Key words: Brucei, Congolense, Systematic review, Trypanosomiasis, Vivax 

Full Text

3

4

Toxicity and Biochemical Impacts of new Pesticides (Potassium Silicate (Sil-Matrix 29 %) and Silica Nano-particles in Rat

H. M. El-bendary

Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Egypt.

ABSTRACT: The application of silica nanoparticles silica- nanoparticles (SNPs) has wide ranging applications both in scientific research and industries because of their easy preparation and their potential uses in various fields. In spite of the versatile application of silica nanoparticles (SNPs), the potential of these nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture remains unexplored, silica has become very popular as an insecticidal agent.The Toxic effect of silica nano-particles [SiO₂-NPs] was investigated using male albino rats, at sublethal doses, relative to control. The effects of orally administered at [1/30, 1/60 and 1/90 LD₅₀] for 30 and 60 days on immunoglobulin levels in blood and micro-nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN). The SiO₂-NPs slight significantly reduced the antibodies (IgG, IgA and IgM) content relative to the normal health control rats. On the other hand, results revealed that the micro-nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN) in rat bone marrow were adversely affected by treatment.The histological structure of liver, kidney and spleen samples was assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats (60 animals) after 30, 60 and 90 days, orally administration of Sil-Matrix 29 % and Silica nanoparticles (SiO₂-NPs) at 30 mg/kg twice dose weakly. Histological findings included the appearance of foreign body-type granulomas in the liver and spleen as well as microgranulation in the liver after administration of (NPs). The number of granulomas was significantly lower after administration of (SiO₂-NPs) for 30, 60 and 90 days. In conclusion, silica nanoparticles are relatively biocompatible nano materials, at least when considering acute toxicity.

[H. M. El-bendary. Toxicity and Biochemical Impacts of new Pesticides (Potassium Silicate (Sil-Matrix 29 %) and Silica Nano-particles in Rat. Life Sci J 2024;21(10):23-33]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 04. doi:10.7537/marslsj211024.04

Keywords: silica nanoparticles; immunoglobulin levels, histological toxicity

Full Text

4

5

Degradation of Azo-dye (Disperse Red) Using Rhizosphere Bacterial Consortium

Aigere Sandra Patrick.¹, and Ogbugbue Chimezie Jason¹

¹ Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, PMB 5323, Choba, Rivers State. Nigeria.

¹email: aigeresandra@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study investigates the degradation of the azo dye (Disperse Red) using a rhizosphere bacterial consortium. Standard microbiological and molecular techniques were employed to isolate and identify organisms from rhizosphere soil. Degradation of azodye was carried out in a fabricated anoxic and oxic chambers with hydraulic retention time of 40hrs. Initial identification of the bacterial isolates through Gram’s reaction and biochemical tests revealed the presence of organisms belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Lysinibacillus, and Citrobacter. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the isolates as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Pseudomonas chengduensis, and Citrobacter freundii. During the preliminary testing, the degradation efficiency was assessed under varying glucose concentrations. Higher decolorization rate of 56.17% was observed in the medium with 10% glucose after 72 hours, while the medium with 5% glucose achieved a 44.17% colour reduction. Notably, lower degradation rates recorded were 11.96% and 12.85% for the 5% and 10% dye enhance glucose mineral salt media, respectively. However, During the actual degradation testing in a double-chamber system enhanced with biochar, the first anaerobic cycle achieved a maximum decolorization of 71.95% after 94 hours, with the first aerobic cycle further enhancing degradation to 90.51%. The second anaerobic cycle increased degradation to 94.78%, and the final aerobic cycle achieved a decolorization of 98.47%. These results show that the rate of Disperse Red degradation is highly dependent on glucose levels and alternating anaerobic-aerobic conditions. This study demonstrates the potential of using rhizosphere bacterial consortia to bioremediate wastewater contaminated with azo dyes, offering an efficient and sustainable method of environmental management. The results underline the need of optimizing ambient conditions to increase microbial degradation processes.

[Aigere Sandra Patrick, and Ogbugbue Chimezie Jason. Degradation of Azo-dye (Disperse Red) Using Rhizosphere Bacterial Consortium. Life Sci J 2024;21(10):34-42]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 05. doi:10.7537/marslsj211024.05

Keywords: Azo-Dye, Disperse Red

Full Text

5

6

The Prevalence of Dengue Fever in Al-Leith Province, Saudi Arabia 2023

Alashary Adam Eisa Hamdoon ¹, Noor Ahmed Almozainy ¹, Asmaa Mutair Albajali ¹, Maha Hashem Abu Ali ¹, Ghadi Mohammed Al hadritti ¹

¹ Department of public health, College of health sciences at Al Leith, Umm Al-Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

alashary1226@gmail.com

Abstract: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to; measure the prevalence of dengue fever, assessment the socio-economic, demographics factors, diseases associated with dengue and identify mosquito's species in Al Leith province. About 420 people was participated in this study. The questionnaire was used to collect information included age, gender, average family income, occupation, educational level, infection with dengue fever and other co-infectious such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, anemia, malnutrition. In addition, the symptoms of dengue fever. Also, mosquitoes were collected by using a light trap which was placed in four different locations. Data was analyzed by SPSS. The prevalence of dengue fever was found (11%) among the study participants the majority of them were found from age group of 16-30 (N = 35, 8%), followed by the age group of 41-50 (N = 7, 1.6%). The study showed that the rate of infection was higher in females (N= 33, 7.8 %) compared to males (N = 14, 3.3). Also, most infection with dengue fever was found in family members who had a low level of monthly income less than 5000 RS (N = 21, 5%), followed by from 5000 to 10000 RS (N = 11, 2.6%). The majority of the participants were found students (44.3%) and those who did not have a job (26.2%), from education sectors (14%) and from private sectors (6 %). Three mosquito species were reported Culex pipiens (N= 102, 90%) was the common abundant species, Anopheles arabiensis (N= 5, 4%) and Aedes aegypti (N= 6, 5%).

[Alashary Adam Eisa Hamdoon; Noor Ahmed Almozainy; Asmaa Mutair Albajali; Maha Hashem Abu Ali; Ghadi Mohammed Al hadritti. The Prevalence of Dengue Fever in Al-Leith Province, Saudi Arabia 2023. Life Sci J 2024;21(10):43-48]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 06. doi:10.7537/marslsj211024.06

Keywords: Vectors; Dengue Fever; Symptoms; Shock syndrome; Al Leith

Full Text

6