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PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTHES OF SMALL RUMINANTS IN AND AROUND BISHOFTU

Abrham Gebregziabher¹, Gebyaw Menge Getnet²

¹Mekelle University, College of, of Veterinary Science, Ethiopia

²Debre Markos University, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Department of Veterinary Science, Ethiopia

gebresilase123@gmail.com

Abstract: a cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2019 with the aim of determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes of sheep and goats in and around Bishoftu. A totally 206 faecal samples were collected from small ruminants (134 sheep and 72 goats). Out of the total examined small ruminant 69.4% were found harbor different genera of helminthes in which 89/134 (66.4%) of the sheep and 54/72(75%) of the goats were infested with GIT parasites. Although the difference was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05), the infection rate of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) parasites was higher in goats than sheep. The helminthes parasites identified in small ruminant of the study area were Strongyles, Strongyloides, Trichuris and Monezia. Overall strongyle type eggs dominated the spectrum of infections; where by 104(50.5%) small ruminants were positive for strangyles infection. In this study species, age and sex score are important risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasites in the study area but found statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in the study area indicates GIT helminthosis are important health and productivity problems and risk of economic losses due to its high prevalence and occurrence of parasitism.

[Abrham Gebregziabher, Gebyaw Menge Getnet, PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTHES OF SMALL RUMINANTS IN AND AROUND BISHOFTU. Life Sci J 2024;21(4):1-11]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 01. doi:10.7537/marslsj210424.01.

Keywords: GIT, Helminthes, Prevalence, Small ruminants

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PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTHES OF SMALL RUMINANTS IN AND AROUND BISHOFTU

Abrham Gebregziabher¹, Gebyaw Menge Getnet²

¹Mekelle University, College of, of Veterinary Science, Ethiopia

²Debre Markos University, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Department of Veterinary Science, Ethiopia

Email; gebresilase123@gmail.com

Abstract: a cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2019 with the aim of determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes of sheep and goats in and around Bishoftu. A totally 206 faecal samples were collected from small ruminants (134 sheep and 72 goats). Out of the total examined small ruminant 69.4% were found harbor different genera of helminthes in which 89/134 (66.4%) of the sheep and 54/72(75%) of the goats were infested with GIT parasites. Although the difference was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05), the infection rate of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) parasites was higher in goats than sheep. The helminthes parasites identified in small ruminant of the study area were Strongyles, Strongyloides, Trichuris and Monezia. Overall strongyle type eggs dominated the spectrum of infections; where by 104(50.5%) small ruminants were positive for strangyles infection. In this study species, age and sex score are important risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasites in the study area but found statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in the study area indicates GIT helminthosis are important health and productivity problems and risk of economic losses due to its high prevalence and occurrence of parasitism.

[Abrham Gebregziabher, Gebyaw Menge Getnet, prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes of small ruminants in and around bishoftu. Life Sci J 2024;21(4):12-22]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 02. doi:10.7537/marslsj210424.02.

Keywords: GIT, Helminthes, Prevalence, Small ruminants

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EVALUATION OF BIO-INTENSIVE DISEASE MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM ROT IN SMALL CARDAMOM (BIDMFC) WITH LOCALLY ISOLATED STRAINS

Sudhakar S¹, Dr. Ajay Kumar Kaurav², Dr. G. Sivakumar³, Dr. Kalaivanan D⁴ Dr. Bharat Singh⁵.

_{PhD research scholar, Department of Agriculture Science, SunRise University, Alwar (Rajasthan), India. & SMS (Plant Protection) KVK, Idukki, Kerala.}¹

_{Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture Science, SunRise University, Alwar (Rajasthan), India} ²_.

_{Pr. Scientist (Microbiology), ICAR-NBAIR Bangalore}³

_{Senior Scientist (Soil Science), ICAR-IIHR, Bangalore} ⁴

_{Subject Matter Specialist (Plant Protection) ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Gurugram, Haryana}⁵

_{E-mail: sudhakarsounda@gmail.com}

Abstract: The cultivation of small cardamom and maintenance of healthy plants have become difficult tasks due to the incidence and spread of Fusarium infections in recent years. Fusarium infection in small cardamom have been reported in the form of capsule infection in the field, seed rot and seedling wilt in nurseries, stem rot & stem lodging in plantations, rhizome rot, root tip rot and foliar yellowing. Field experiment was conducted at Santhanpara, Vandanmedu, Parathode and Kattappana to evaluate the individual and combined efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens (IDK-S-1, IDK-V-2, IDK-P-3, and IDK-k-4), Bacillus subtilis (IDK-S-1, IDK-V-2, IDK-P-3, and IDK-k-4), Trichoderma harzianum (IDK-S-1, IDK-V-2, IDK-P-3, and IDK-K-4) and AMF(IDK-S-1,IDK-V-2,IDK-P-3,and IDK-k-4) strains to promote the growth and yield parameters of small cardamom  and to manage Fusarium wilt disease  in field conditions. The dominant pathogen which causes Fusarium wilt of small cardamom was isolated and identified as Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. Five native bacterial antagonists and fungus were isolated from forest and healthy small cardamom plantation soil in different geographical regions. Under in field conditions, the results revealed that the  foliar spray and drenching of combined application of PF (Pf-IDK-S-1)+BS(Bs-IDK-V-2) was found to effectively inhibit the mycelial growth of the pathogen (by 60%) when compared to application of individual strains of the bacterial antagonists. The above strains of P. fluorescens and B. subtilis (PF (Pf-IDK-S-1) +BS (Bs-IDK-V-2)) were found compatible. The soil combined application of PF (IDK-S-1) +TH (IDK-P-3) exhibited the highest disease reduction. Also, small cardamom plantation treated with PF (IDK-S-1) + BS (IDK-V-2) strains showed a significant stimulatory effect on plant height and increased the yield up to 27% in comparison to the non-bacterized control. The combined strains also increased small cardamom capsule fruit weight. It could be concluded that synergistic consortia of beneficial bacteria isolated from rhizosphere soil are perfectly able to promote plant growth and could be exploited for sustainable management of soil borne diseases especially, Fusarium rot of small cardamom.

[Sudhakar, S., Kaurav, A.K., Shivakumar, G., Kalaivanan and Singh, B. EVALUATION OF BIO-INTENSIVE DISEASE MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM ROT IN SMALL CARDAMOM (BIDMFC) WITH LOCALLY ISOLATED STRAINS. Life Sci J 2024;21(4):23-28]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.03. doi:10.7537/marslsj210424.03.

Keywords: Small cardamom, F. oxysporum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum

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Microbial, physical and chemical analysis of well water in Al-Leith city, Saudi Arabia. 2023- 2024.

Anas S Dablool 1*, Nayef Shabbab Almutairi 1*, Mohannad Salah Kalkatawi 1*, Adnan Y Albarakati 2*, Naif S Alharazi 2* Abdulrahman Almalki 2*,   Muhannad F Almaliki 2*, Wesam Aljubayri 2*, Saud Almdawsi 2*, Bandar Alhaily 2*, Makki A Digna 3*, Razaz A Qammash 3*, Jehad A Bifari 3*

¹ Public health Department, Faculty of health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia asdablool@uqu.edu.sa

² Public health Department, Faculty of health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia s442009761@gmail.com st.uqu.edu.sa (Correspondence email)

³ Ministry of health, regional laboratory, Makkah.

Abstract:  Water samples from wells in Al-Lith, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, were analyzed, the water quality analysis revealed that the turbidity, chlorine concentration, total water hardness, and nitrate concentration in the samples varied, with some exceeding acceptable limits. The pH, iron, copper, fluoride, and ammonia concentrations were within acceptable limits. To improve water quality, measures should be taken to address turbidity, chlorine concentration, total water hardness, and nitrate concentration. Additional purification steps and bacteriological tests are recommended. Users should be educated about using safe water, and regular monitoring and evaluation of water quality by authorities are crucial for ensuring clean and safe water availability. Consulting water treatment experts is advised for implementing appropriate measures.

[Anas S Dablool, Nayef Shabbab Almutairi, Mohannad Salah Kalkatawi, Adnan Y Albarakati, Naif S Alharazi， Abdulrahman Almalki,   Muhannad F Almaliki , Wesam Aljubayri , Saud Almdawsi , Bandar Alhaily*, Makki A Digna , Razaz A Qammash , Jehad A Bifari, Effect of omeprazole, pantoprazole and famotidine on rat bones. Life Sci J 2024;21(4):29-34]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.

04. doi:10.7537/marslsj210424.04.

Keywords: Water samples, Wells, Water quality analysis, Turbidity

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Species Richness and Diversity of Insects in an Agro-ecosystem in Bhabar region of Uttarakhand

Deepika Goswami¹, Rekha* ² and Vishal Singh³

Department of Zoology, Kumaun University, Nainital-263002, India

¹Email: deepikagoswami22@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Species richness and diversity of insects were investigated in an agro-ecosystem in Bhabar region of Uttarakhand from March 2018 to February 2020. Results: In total, 992 individuals were collected representing 7 orders (Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Diptera and Odonata), 30 families and 91 species that included herbivores, predators, omnivores and saprophages. The most dominant order was Lepidoptera with a relative abundance of (46.15%) and, the least was Diptera (6.59%). The five most abundant families by numbers of individuals were Pieridae (14.8%), Nymphalidae (13.9%), Lycaenidae (6.1%), Papilionidae (5.9%), and Libellulidfae (5.4%). The five most diverse families by species were Nymphalidae (13), Pieridae (9), Lycaenidae (8), Papilionidae (7), and Libellulidae (6). Conclusions: The diversity index showed significant Diversity (Hʹ=1.832), Evenness (E=0.9449) and Margalef species richness (d=2.076) of insect fauna. Diversity indices of insect orders showed that Lepidoptera was the most diverse (Hʹ=1.641), Dipterans had highest Evenness (E=0.9449), and Coleopterans had the maximum species richness Margalef’s Index (d=2.056). There were 720 individuals of insect pollinators visitors were observed, which belonged to 62 species in 4 orders (Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Hemiptera).

[Deepika Goswami, Rekha  and Vishal Singh, Species Richness and Diversity of Insects in an Agro-ecosystem in Bhabar region of Uttarakhand. Life Sci J 2024;21(4):35-44]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.05. doi:10.7537/marslsj210424.05.

Keywords Species diversity, Species abundance, Shannon Index (Hʹ), Pollinators/Visitors, agro-ecosystem

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Study of Sensitivity of Angiosclerosis for Normotensive Offspring with Hypertensive Parents 

*Xiaoli Liao

Henan Huaxia Esti Biotech Co., Ltd.

Room 1308, Building 5, R&D, No. 11 Changchun Road, Zhengzhou High tech Zone

*First and Corresponding author E-mail： liao1037392291@126.com

Abstract: In this observational study, we predicted the risk of having angiosclerosis for normotensive offspring with hypertensive parents in our customers via use of E-cardiac to measure the arterial stiffness, while E-Cardiac is one of the products of our company. A total of 1000 normotensive subjects (514 men and 486 women) aged 30 to 50 years (mean age 43 ± 3 years) were consent by writing to provide the measurement data for this investigation from the year 2015 to 2023. The measured pulse wave velocity higher than 1200 cm/s was coded R =1 as having the risk of angiosclerosis for the subject, otherwise coded R =0. A Logistic regression model was constructed to estimate the probability of the occurrence of R=1 for normotensive offspring with the age of over 45 years old and hypertensive parents. However, the model sensitivity revealed at the classification cut-off point 0.15 with the accuracy was 40% only. We concluded that the angiosclerosis may not be determined via inheritance from the hypertensive parents.

[Xiaoli Liao. Study of Sensitivity of Angiosclerosis for Normotensive Offspring with Hypertensive Parents. Life Sci J 2024;21(4):44-51]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 06. doi:10.7537/marslsj210424.06.

Keywords: Study; Sensitivity; Angiosclerosis; Normotensive; Offspring; Hypertensive; Parents

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