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Effectiveness of catching and throwing ball exercise in the treatment of patients with non-structural scoliosis

Akram F. Abdelhamid¹ and Hanan Al-Qhatani²

¹Professor associated, faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo uneversity

²Senior Physical therapist, Jhon Hopkins Aramco Hospital

drbakram4@gmail.com,  Hannan-h1990@hotmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Scoliosis is a condition that affects spinal curvature of the spine resulting in turning from side to side. Mostly, these changes in affecting a person’s overall posture and trunk alignment. Roughly, its affect 3% of the population and occurrences in women more than often than in men. The cases vary from mild to severe, meaning that the treatment for the condition vary widely. Exercises therapy considered the primary plan of treatment of these cases. The purpose: of the study to investigate the impact of adding throwing and catching ball exercises in the program of exercises provided to patients with Non-Structural scoliosis. Study Design: The study design was a randomized, single-blind 1:1 parallel-group study. Material and Methods:  32 patients, male and female, aged from 18 to 45 years and diagnosed with non-structural scoliosis were involved. They were divided into two equal groups with 16 patients each. Patients in group (A) were treated using physical therapy scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSEs) based on specific form of auto-correction exercises in form of spinal elongation, isometric exercises contraction, and stabilizing exercises. Patients in group (B) were treated as patient in group (A) regarding the type of exercises, frequency per week and the duration of exercises, in addition to 5 sets of 10 repetitions each of ball throwing and catching exercises. The treatment will continue for 6 weeks and carried on a frequency 2 sessions per week. Changes and progressions were analyzed using paired t-test before, after 12 sessions and as a follow up after 6months. Conclusion: 12 sessions  of core exercise protocols would decreased Cobb’s angle and improved back muscle activities with functional scoliosis in adults. Thus, the results of current study suggest that both core strengthening exercise protocol may be used to minimize the degree of scoliosis and improve back muscle strength in patients with functional scoliosis. However, adding catching and throwing exercises might help in decreasing the low back pain and accordingly the quality of life.

[Akram F. Abdelhamid and Hanan Al-Qhatani Effectiveness of catching and throwing ball exercise in the treatment of patients with non-structural scoliosis. Life Sci J 2023;20(7):1-7]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.01.doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.01.

Keywords: Catching, electromyography, standing, trunk, pain, Cobb’s angle

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PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF FORTY PAKISTANIS Solanum melongena ACCESSIONS BY SDS-PAGE

AISHA UMAR

Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road Lahore, Pakistan

Email of Corresponding author: Ash_dr88@yahoo.com

Tel: 04237843784/ 03218763432

Address: 432/ K Block Sabzazar Scheme Multan Road Lahore Pakistan

Abstract: Phylogenetic relationship of 40 accessions of Solanum melongena L. collected different geographical areas in Pakistan, revealed the existence of diversity by SDS-PAGE. Intraspecific relationship was constructed by dendrogram with 100% tolerance UPGMA (Unweight Pair-Group Arithmetic Mean). The electrophoretogram of accessions No. (1-19) 018477, 018482 (Fasialabad), 18484 (Sahiwal), whereas accessions from 20-40 from D. I Khan (18504, 18500, 18505, 14466(3), Sahiwal (20344) and Batgram (20509) was unique in protein banding position.  As well as 17(24KDa- 20281, 20425, 44663) band was also unique in position. This work demonstrated that accessions have low level of genetic diversity. Cluster analysis conducted separately for each accession, in relation to the genetic status of accession. Largest dendrogram of cluster 1 divided into 6(6a, 6b), 7(7a, 7b), 8(8a, 8b) and 9(9a, 9b) sub clusters including accessions 20425-4745(3). Results indicated that all studied accessions had almost similar protein contents. No relationship was found between genetic divergence and genetic status of sample. The genotypes included in the diverse clusters could be used as promising parents for hybridization in order to obtain a high heterotic response and thus contribute to eggplant breeding.

[AISHA UMAR. PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF FORTY PAKISTANIS Solanum melongena ACCESSIONS BY SDS-PAGE. Life Sci J 2023;20(7):8-18]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.02.doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.02.

Key Word: Phenetic, Solanum melongena, SDS-PAGE, Protein, Intraspecific.

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Camel milk and its fermented products as a source of potential probiotic strains and novel food cultures: a mini review

Amal Bakr Shori

King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding author:

E-mail address: shori_7506@hotmail.com (Shori, Amal Bakr).

Abstract: Application of probiotic bacteria in dairy products is a promising way to improve the intestinal microflora balance. A number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been isolated and identified as probiotics from cow and goat milk and its products. Camel milk is considered as health promoting and being consumed widely as a part of the staple diet in parts of Africa and Asia. LAB in camel milk may be a potential source of probiotics to be used in dairy technology. There is a trend towards new and novel probiotic strains where camel milk and its products could be a basic search for unique probiotic-type functional foods. Therefore, the objective of this study is focusing on review some previous studies on isolation and identification of potential probiotic strains and novel food cultures from raw camel milk and its products.   

[Amal Bakr Shori. Camel milk and its fermented products as a source of potential probiotic strains and novel food cultures: a mini review. Life Sci J 2023;20(7):19-27]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.03.doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.03.

Keywords: probiotics, camel milk, biological properties

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Optimization of the pedagogical path of a student in a semi e-learning environment by using Ant Colony

Alireza Rezaee

Assistant professor of Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Faculty of New sciences & technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN

arrezaee@ut.ac.ir

Abstract: This paper describes the research on the optimization of the pedagogical path of a student in a semi e-learning environment. This optimization is performed following the ideas given by a recently proposed meta heuristic approach for solving hard combinatorial optimization problems in Artificial Intelligence: Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). The structure of the pedagogical environment is simulated by a graph with valued arcs whose weights represent their pedagogic importance, and by virtual ants which release virtual pheromones along their paths. By considering the released amount of pheromone on each arc at the end of the simulation, it would be possible to recognize the best collaborative-found path and suggest it in a fashion based on IMS-Simple Sequencing.

[Alireza Rezaee. Optimization of the pedagogical path of a student in a semi e-learning environment by using Ant Colony. Life Sci J 2023;20(7):29-32]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.04.doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.04.

Key words: Ant Colony Optimization, pedagogical path, semi e-learning

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Tetanus: A review of the literature

Gashaw Enbiyale (Dr)

Field Practitioner at University of Gondar Veterinary hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine and science, University of Gondar, P.o. box. 196, Gondar, Ethiopia,

enbiyalegashaw@gmail.com

Abstract: This review work was conducted from august 2016 to march in 2017 in Ethiopia. Tetanus is caused by an infection with the bacterium Clostridium tetani which is commonly found in soil, saliva, dust, and manure. Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an infection characterized by muscle spasms. In the most common type, the spasms begin in the jaw and then progress to the rest of the body. These spasms usually last a few minutes each time and occur frequently for three to four weeks. Tetanus is now a rare disease in the developed world. However,  it remains an  important  cause of death worldwide and is associated with a high case mortality, particularly in the  developing  world. Modern intensive care management should prevent death from acute respiratory failure, but cardiovascular  complications as a result of  autonomic   instability and other causes of death remain problematic. In this article,  i review  the epidemiology,  pathophysiology, clinical  feat ures, and current management of tetanus.

[Gashaw, E. Tetanus: A review of the literature, Life Sci J  2023;20(7):33-43]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com . 05.doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.05.

Keywords: infection, tetanus; complications, autonomic dysfunction; intensive care,management; complications, death

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Coccidiosis in poultry-a review

Shazia Ahad ^a,*, Syed Tanveer ^a, Irshad Ahmad Nawchoo ^b, Tauseef Ahmad Malik ^c

^a Department of Zoology University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, J&K, India

^b Department of Botany University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, J&K, India

^c Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, J&K, India

shaziaahad19@gmail.com

Abstract: In poultry industry, coccidiosis is one of the diseases that have negative impact on the growth performance of birds. It is the most consistently reported contagious disease in poultry because Eimeria species are competent to live for long time in infected birds and the environment, thereby, demanding the attention of poultry producers, poultry disease experts and other beneficiaries. Here, we review the factors affecting the development of these parasites and different strategies used for their control.

[Shazia Ahad, Syed Tanveer, Irshad Ahmad Nawchoo and Tauseef Ahmad Malik. Coccidiosis in poultry-a review. Life Sci J  2023;20(7):43-49]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com . 06.doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.06.

Key Words: Coccidiosis; Poultry; Control

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Biosynthesis of keratinase by feather-degrading Aspergillus niger under submerged fermentation process

MEMUNA GHAFOOR SHAHID*, TANZEEM AKBAR CHEEMA*, SHAHJEHAN BAIG** AND

MUHAMMAD FIAZ QAMAR***

*Department of Botany, G. C. University, Lahore, Pakistan

Department of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore

Department of Pathobiology, College of veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang,

*Corresponding author: email: memunaghafoorshahid@gmail.com

Abstract： In the present study, keratinase enzyme was produced using Aspergillus niger under submerged fermentation condition. Another aim of this study was to degrade the chicken waste found in the local market of Lahore. Various fermentation conditions were optimized such as effect of substrate concentration, various pH levels, incubation temperatures, concentration levels of yeast extract and different volumes of fermentation media. The impact of these factors was investigated to get the maximum keratinase production and highest biodegradation of chicken feathers in fermentation medium. The maximum yield of keratinase production was achieved after adding 6g of chicken feathers, 8g of yeast extract, maintaining pH at 7 and by incubating 150ml of fermentation medium by incubating at 30°C for 5 days. The maximum yield of keratinase enzymes (6.78U/ml) and highest biomass degradation (15.7g/1000ml) was obtained after incubating one litter fermentation medium in one litter of fermentor. The present study identifies the Aspergillus niger as a potential candidate for the biodegradation of chicken waste and production of keratinase enzyme under submerged fermentation conditions.

[Shazia Ahad, Syed Tanveer, Irshad Ahmad Nawchoo and Tauseef Ahmad Malik. Coccidiosis in poultry-a review. Life Sci J  2023;20(7):51-56]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com . 07. doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.07.

Key words: Keratinase, Biosynthesis, Aspergillus niger, biodegradation, chicken feathers

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Impact of stone quarrying on the health of Residents in Nigeria

Igbinovia Osayi Martins, Osu Charles I ^* and Iwuoha G.N¹.

*1 Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323 Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Telephone: +234 803 7783246 email: charsike@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of stone quarry activities and seasonal variation on the concentration of air pollutants. Higher concentration of particulate matter was observed in the dry season than wet season. Concentration of particulate matter ranged from 10.40 ± 0.02 to 18.70 ± 1.40  mg/m³ , dry season; 1.07 ± 0.02 to 2.50 ± 0.09 mg/m³,  wet season (Table 1) for site A and 12.01 ± 1.10 mg/m³ to 13.60 ± 0.30 mg/m³, wet season; 16.40 ± 1.30 to 21.30 ± 1.60 mg/m³, dry season for site B. concentration of H₂S ranges from 0.30 ± 0.05 to 1.70 ± 0.10 ppm, wet season; 2.06 ± 0.02 to 2.10 ± 0.01 ppm, dry season for site A and 0.60 ± 0.05 to 1.00 ± 0.10 ppm, wet season;  3.17 ± 0.02 to 1.30 ± 0.01 ppm, dry season for site B. Mean concentration of NO₂ ranges from 0.50 ± 0.01 to 1.90 ± 0.03 ppm, wet season; 4.30 ± 0.01 to 7.00 ± 0.11 ppm, dry season for site A and 2.01 ± 0.02 to 3.30 ± 0.02 ppm, wet season; 4.70 ± 0.01 to 6.30 ± 0.10 ppm, dry season for site B. Mean concentration of SO₂ in study locations shows the same trend of being higher during dry season than during wet season. This is due to dilution effect of rain on the atmosphere. Its values ranges from 0.70 ± 0.06 to 1.20 ± 0.02 ppm, wet season; 5.14 ± 0.20 to 6.10 ± 0.08 ppm, dry season for site A and 1.30 ± 0.02 to 5.10 ± 0.15 ppm, wet season 6.20 ± 0.10 to 6.80 ± 0.04 ppm, dry season for site B. The concentration of vanadium in the environment ranged from 0.13 ± 0.01 to 0.18 ± 0.03 and 0.10 ± 0.01 to 0.46 ± 0.01 for sample A and B respectively. The concentration of the heavy metal ranged from 14.00 to 42.50 mg/kg, Cu; 23.50 to 38.70  mg/kg, Cr; 45.60 to 136.30 mg/kg, Zn; 0.10 to 0.65 mg/kg, Hg; 10.60 16.80 mg/kg, Pb and 1.60 to 16.40 mg/kg, Ni for site A. Concentration of the heavy metal  in site B ranged from 11.30 to 25.10 mg/kg, Cu; 4.70 to 15.20 mg/kg, Cr; 44.30 to 186.10  mg/kg, Zn; 0.01 to 0.20 mg/kg, Hg; 6.60 to 13.90 mg/kg, Pb and 1.00 to 5.40 mg/kg,  Ni. This study found that about 99.99 % of air pollution diseases affect the households. Data from this study showed that chronic exposure to dust and polluted air from crushing of stones increased susceptibility to respiratory problems. Percentage values obtained were 24.49 %, catarrh; 28.57 %, coughing; 26.53 %, headache; 9.18 %, chest pains and 11.22 %, eye infections.

[Igbinovia O.M., Osu Charles I  and Iwuoha G.N. Impact of stone quarrying on the health of Residents in Nigeria. Life Sci J  2023;20(7):57-62]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com . 08.doi:10.7537/marslsj200723.08.

Keywords: stone quarry; air parameters; health effect

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