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Comparative Study between Integrated Curriculum and Traditional Conventioal Curriculum in Faculty of Medicine – October 6 University

Ahmed F. AlDomairy¹, Ashraf kotb^2* and Radwa M. Elsabban³

¹Assistant professor of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6^th of October City, Giza, Egypt

²Assistant professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6^th of October City, Giza, Egypt

³Lecturer of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6^th of October City, Giza, Egypt

*Email: kotb.med@o6u.edu.eg,   drashrafsalem@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background: conventional departmental traditional medical teaching is the classic way for medical teaching. However, teaching basic sciences alone gives less chance for students to correlate the basic background with clinical diseases. The integrated method of medical teaching evolved to help students to correlate and integrate the knowledge they gained and make maximum benefit of it.  Aim of the work: to compare the effect of integrated medical teaching method versus the conventional traditional medical teaching method among students and staff of Faculty of Medicine - October 6 University.  Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done on 100 October 6 university medical students and staff. (40 students of the traditional method, 40 students of the integrated system and 20 staff members who teach both methods). A questionnaire about the efficiency of teaching was filled out by the participants. Results: The mean marks given for the integrated teaching method were statistically highly significant than that given for the conventional traditional method (54.42±2.41 versus 48.27±1.97). Most of the results were in favor of the integrated system except for the teaching hour's sufficiency which was reflected on the increased stress of the students. Conclusion: Integrated teaching was found to be an effective method of teaching than the traditional conventional method as for students and staff.

[Ahmed F. AlDomairy, Ashraf kotb and Radwa M. Elsabban Comparative Study between Integrated Curriculum and Traditional Conventioal Curriculum in Faculty of Medicine – October 6 University. Life Sci J 2023;20 (5):1-5]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.01.doi:10.7537/marslsj200523.01.

Keywords: integrated and traditional medical teaching

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Governments around the world are requiring people to socially isolate to mitigate the spread of the novel corona virus.

Zafar H Tanveer, HOD Physiology and Principal, QIMS, Quetta Pakistan

Jamil Ahmed Lakhair, Vice Principal, KIMS, Malir Cantt Karachi Pakistan

Shah Murad, Professor of Pharmacology, QIMS, Quetta, Pakistan

Shaheena, Prof of Biochemistry, KIMS, Karachi Pakistan

Abdul Fatah, Assistant Director, Medical services, Medical Directorate, GHQ, Rawalpindi Pakistan

Ejaz Fatima, Prof of Pharmacology at LMDC Lahore Pakistan

CORRESP AUTHOR:  PROF DR SHAH MURAD, HOD PHARMACOLOGY AT IMDC/ANTH, MAIN MURREE ROAD, ISLAMABAD PAKISTAN. SHAHHMURAD65@IMDCOLLEGE.EDU.PK, 

CELL: +92 3338124611

Abstract: Governments around the world, as a matter of policy, are requiring people to socially isolate to mitigate the spread of the novel corona virus. Although an effective tool, this measure carries risk and has brought about huge influence on people’s physic and mental health¹. They are alone—with no certain end to the isolation in view. This study provides evidence for substantial psychological and mental morbidity including complaints deeply human of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and aggression in the patients who suffered from COVID-19 infection. The new coronavirus outbreak was characterized as a pandemic by the World Health. Organization in March 2020. Robust public health containment measures have been widely implemented to prevent transmission of the virus among the global population. The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on population mental health remains unclear, and it is important that the mental health burden of this pandemic on the population is evaluated.

[Zafar H Tanveer. Jamil Ahmed Lakhair. Shah Murad. Shaheena. Abdul Fatah, Assistant Directo. Ejaz Fatima. Governments around the world are requiring people to socially isolate to mitigate the spread of the novel corona virus. Life Sci J 2023;20(5):6-12]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 02. doi:10.7537/marslsj200523.02.

Keywords: Government； world； psychological；mental morbidity; complaint; human; obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

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Human behavoural changes in pandamics

Abdul Fatah, Lt Col and Assistant Director, Medical Services, Medical Directorate, GHQ, Rawalpindi

Shah Murad, HOD Pharmacology at IMDC/DANTH, Islamabad Pakistan

Saima Masood, Senior Lecturer, CM Department, KIMS, Karachi, Pakistan

Saleemullah Abro, AP Physiology at BMU, Karachi Pakistan

Shahina, Prof of Biochemistry at KIMS Karachi Pakistan

Seema, Research associate at Armed Forces Postgraduate Medical Institute, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Quratulain Saleem, AP Community Medicine at DUMHS Karachi Pakistan

Correspondence:  PROF DR S MURAD, HOD Therapeutics, IMDC Islamabad Pakistan. Shahhmurad65@imdcollege.edu.pk. CELL: +923338124611

SUMMARY: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Aging, Reactive Oxygen Species and Human Demeanor or behavior are interlinked in and through biological phenomenon.  SARS is a disease consisting of two phases, including a prodromal influenza-like period characterized by myalgia, malaise, chills and fever, followed by the onset of respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. There are five main points of interest in the immune response in SARS that could be influenced by an aging immune system: (1) heightened basal inflammation (inflammaging) at the point of SARS-CoV-2 inoculation may predispose older adults to an already pro-inflammatory local environment; (2) innate immune cell dysfunction associated with aging may alter early immune responses; (3) delayed and/or diminished adaptive responses due to poor naive clonal diversity, weak or ineffective pre-existing immunity and poor T cell priming; (4) altered T cell effector function and antibody responses due to immunosenescence; and (5) the possibility of a reduced memory response and potential long-lasting effects on the immune system that may further promote immunosenescent phenotypes. All these effects affect aging and human behavioral changes as common biological phenomenon. We did conduct this study regarding human anxiety, and obsessive compulsive disorder in 350 COVID-19 victimized patients from which 320 patients completed this study. Male and female patients were included. Written consent was taken and research study was conducted at KIMS, Karachi Pakistan. At the end of the study, we concluded that over 320 participants there is high prevalence of anxiety in males as compared to female weather there no difference in values of OCD in both genders, sample presenting a pathological score for at least one disorder. Considering the alarming impact of COVID-19 infection on mental health, now suggest assessing psychopathology of COVID-19 survivors, to diagnose and treat emergent psychiatric conditions, monitoring their changes over time, with the aim of reducing the disease burden, which is expected to be very high in patients with psychiatric conditions. This will also allow investigating how the immune-inflammatory response translates into psychiatric illness improving our knowledge in the etiopathogenesis of these disorders.

[Shah Murad. Saima Masood. Saleemullah Abro. Shahina. Human behavioral changes in pandamics. Life Sci J 2023;20(5):13-17]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 03. doi:10.7537/marslsj200523.03.

Keywords: Human； behavoural； change； pandamics

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Analysis on Transcriptome of Genes Involved in Maize Seed Germination

Xueqin Hu, Juan Zou, Guoqing Dong, Wanyong Zeng, Jinhua Li and Dengxiang Du*

School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China

* Correspondence: ddx@whpu.edu.cn

Abstract: Seed dormancy and germination are key to plant growth and development, and the transformation from dormancy to germination is closely related to agricultural production. Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important food crop, feed source, and industrial raw material. It is an important part of agricultural production, and the efficiency of seed germination after sowing is a key link. This study used non germinated maize as a control, and conducted transcriptome analysis of maize at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of germination. Through identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional analysis of DEGs, it was found that a large number of differentially expressed genes were detected in the cell process, metabolic process, cell part, biological regulation, and response to stimuli during the germination stage of maize. These genes are significantly clustered in ribosomes, plant hormone signal transduction, carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, amino and nucleotide sugar metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and MAPK signaling pathways. In short, under the regulation of hormones, significant changes in the expression of corn seeds occur during the germination process, utilizing the metabolism of stored proteins, starch, and lipids, and utilizing the activation of metabolic pathways in the respiratory pathway to provide the necessary materials and energy for seed dormancy release and germination, as well as promoting the germination of corn seeds. Through the findings of this study, we have deepened our understanding of maize seed germination, and also contributed to the development of molecular based breeding, providing a theoretical basis for improving the production time of maize.

[Xueqin Hu, Juan Zou, Guoqing Dong, Wanyong Zeng, Jinhua Li and Dengxiang Du. Analysis on Transcriptome of Genes Involved in Maize Seed Germination. Life Sci J 2023;20(5):18-31]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 04. doi:10.7537/marslsj200523.04.

Keywords Seed Germination； Maize (Zea mays L.); Transcriptome; Plant hormone signal transduction

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Association between Patient Characteristics and Lifestyle and Symptoms in Saudi Confirmed COVID-19 Cases

Anas S. Dablool

asdablool@uqu.edu.sa

Department of Public Health, Health Sciences College at Al-Leith, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract: Background: The most common symptoms being reported are fever, fatigue, dry cough, and other upper respiratory symptoms which are considered less common symptoms. Given that there is still a dire need to define a proper relationship between these risks and COVID-19; we also assessed the factors associated with the manifestations of these signs and symptoms. Methodology: It’s an observational descriptive cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire sent to the participants via Whatsapp application focusing on COVID-19 related information between the end of 2020 and November 2021. Results: The most reported symptoms during COVID-19 infection were exhaustion (65.6%), fever and losing the sense of smell (57.7% each), pains/aches and losing the sense of taste (55.7% and 55.5%). Conclusion: The severity of the novel coronavirus ranges from mild symptoms (majority of cases) to severe respiratory tract infection. The most susceptible population involves the elderly and individuals with underlying medical conditions, especially obesity and diabetes. Symptoms in COVID-19 patients were mainly associated with presence of comorbidities, BMI, sex, and older age.

[Anas S. Dablool. Association between Patient Characteristics and Lifestyle and Symptoms in Saudi Confirmed COVID-19 Cases. Life Sci J 2023;20(5):32-37]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 05. doi:10.7537/marslsj200523.05.

Key-words: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; obesity, diabetes mellitus, symptoms

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Evaluation of the Role of Pharmacists in Community Setting in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Abdulrahman Alahdal¹, Namareq Aldardeer ², Lama Baghaffar ³, Nuha Alshahrani ³, Bodoor Saber ³

Alaa Bagalagel⁴

^1,Vice-dean for Clinical Training and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Associate Professor, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

² Pharmacist I, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

³ Pharmacist, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

⁴ Assistant Professor, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

abagalagel@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate current performance of community pharmacists and provided services in community pharmacies in Jeddah to praise the necessary changes in order to meet international standards. Method: A questionnaire composed of six sections (total of forty-eight questions) centered on the pharmacist and the pharmacy itself was randomly distributed to 99 pharmacies in Jeddah that was divided into four regions (North, South, East, and Middle-West). Results: Ninety-five out of ninety-nine pharmacists have a bachelor degree; all of them were non-Saudi males. The average number of pharmacists in each pharmacy during working hours was 1-2(86%) of pharmacies. Seventy-one percent were aware of the ADR reporting program. Twenty-nine percent dispense prescribed medication without a prescription; 57% deals with trade names. Eighty-seven percent of pharmacists claimed that they provide patient counseling; seventy-eight percent deal with medication errors. Fifty tow percent don't communicate with doctors. Only 37% of pharmacies have a website while 8% of them provide online services and delivery. Twenty-five percent of pharmacists provide educational programs for chronic disease. Sixty for percent of pharmacists claimed to have enough training and supervision from their administrations and only 6% showed no interest in getting more information on current pharmacy practice and new drugs. Conclusion: After evaluating the pharmacists working in community pharmacies and the services provided, this study has proved that many important services were lacking and that development in necessary in order to meet the international standards of pharmacy practice.

[Alahdal A, Bagalagel A. Evaluation of the Role of Pharmacists in Community Setting in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 20(5):38-44]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 06. doi:10.7537/marslsj200523.06.

Keywords: Community; Pharmacists; Saudi Arabia, Services

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Effect of various plant growth substances on growth, flowering, yield and quality attributes of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb Mansf.) cv. Durgapura Lal (RW-177-3)

^D. C. Chaudhary¹, N. M. Patel², H. T. Patel³ and M. H. Nurbhanej⁴

^1,3,4MSc. Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India

² College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, S.K.Nagar, Gujarat, India

ABSTRACT: The present investigation was carried out during summer season, 2014 at Horticulture Instructional Farm, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar (Gujarat). Experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments viz., T₁ (Control), T₂ (GA₃ 10 ppm), T₃ (GA₃ 20 ppm), T₄ (GA₃ 30 ppm), T₅ (NAA 25 ppm), T₆ (NAA 50 ppm), T₇ (NAA 75 ppm), T₈ (TIBA 10 ppm), T₉ (TIBA 15 ppm) and T₁₀ (TIBA 20 ppm). The results revealed that, the maximum length of main creeper at 60 and 90 DAS (201.78 and 309.23 cm), respectively, number of sub-creeper at 60 and 90 DAS (7.53 and 8.23) and number of leaves per plant at 60 and 90 days after sowing (244.10 and 412.68), maximum chlorophyll content at 45 and 60 days (31.38 and 36.85) and produced the maximum number of male flower (165.75) were recorded with treatment GA₃ 30 ppm (T₄). The TIBA 20 ppm (T₁₀) proved to be most effective for produced the lower node number at which first female flower appears (8.25), maximum number of female flower (19.35) and lowered sex ratio (1: 7.13) and maximum numbers of fruits i.e., 3.00, fruit yield per plant i.e., 12.39 kg per plant, fruit yield per hectare (619.50 q/ha) and fruit length i.e., 24.32 cm. The maximum average fruit weight (4.27 kg/fruit) and fruit diameter i.e., 22.71 cm recorded in treatment T₉ (TIBA 15 ppm).

[C. Chaudhary¹, N. M. Patel², H. T. Patel³ and M. H. Nurbhanej. Effect of various plant growth substances on growth, flowering, yield and quality attributes of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb Mansf.) cv. Durgapura Lal (RW-177-3). Life Sci J 2023;20(5):45-48]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 07.doi:10.7537/marslsj200523.07.

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