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Advancing for diagnoses of brucellosis and therapeutic approach in Ethiopia

Abebe Mequanent

University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Gondar, Ethiopia, P.o. Box:  196

E-mail:  abebemequanent@gmail.com

Summary: - Brucellosis is considered to be one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world. According to OIE. it is the second most important zoonotic disease in the world after rabies. The disease affects cattle, swine, sheep, goats, camels and dogs. It may also infect other ruminants and marine mammals. The disease is manifested by late term abortions; weak calves, still births; infertility and characteristic lesions are primarily placentitis, epididymitis and orchitis. The organism is excreted in uterine discharges and milk. The disease is economically important, and  one of the most devastating trans boundary animal diseases and also a major trade barrier. Although not yet reported, some species of Brucella (e.g., B. abortus) are zoonotic and could be used as bioweapons. Brucellosis has a considerable impact on animal and human health, as well as wide socio-economic impacts, especially in countries in which rural income relies largely on livestock breeding and dairy products. Considering the poor health infrastructure and manpower in rural areas, the focus should be on preventive measures coupled with strengthening the curative health care services for early diagnosis and treatment. The incidence of brucellosis is increasing particularly in large dairy herds in Pakistan. Several studies have been conducted using serodiagnostic techniques to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in different provinces, districts and livestock farms in government and private sector.

[Abebe M.A. Advancing for diagnoses of brucellosis and therapeutic approach in Ethiopia. Life Sci J 2022;19  (7):1-10]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1.doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.01.

Key words: Brucellosis, Brucella, cattle, zoonosis

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Review on nematode disease of camel and its diagnoses approach in Ethiopia

Abebe Mequanent

University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Gondar, Ethiopia, P.o. Box:  196

E-mail:  abebemequanent@gmail.com

Summary:- Camels like other domestic animals suffer from heavy burdens of helminthes. When camels are kept in higher rainfall areas or intensively stabled, parasitic gastroenteritis may result. Nematodes are practically specific to the dromedary. Nematode disease of camel is mostly caused by Haemonchus longisipes, Nematodirus Mauritanicus, Nematodirus dromedarii and has more economic significance in camels. However, most of camel nematodes are also common to Sheep and Goats, like Trichostrongylus prololurus, Tichostronglus vitrinus, Ostertagia mongolica, Nematodirus spathiger, Oesophagostomum venulosum. Haemonchus longistipes is specific to camels and mostly found in: Africa Asia. Mostly its transmission of the disease occurs by direct contact or via fomites, such as blankets and baggage etc. The Diagnosis of the disease is made on the basis of clinical symptoms and by finding the different developmental stages ova or larvae nematodes. Antihelmintics used in cattle and sheep for the treatment of digestive tract helminthoses can also be used in camels.

Abebe, M.A. Review on nematode disease of camel and its diagnoses approach in Ethiopia. Life Sci J 2022;19   (7):11-15]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2.

doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.02.

Key words: - Camel, disease and nematode

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Exploration of Rhizoclonium sp. algae potential under different ethanol production strategies with SEM analysis of biomass and detoxification of hydrolysate

Poonam Sharma, Nivedita Sharma* and Nisha Sharma

Microbiology laboratory, Department of Basic sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni (Solan) Himachal Pradesh 173230

*Corresponding author: email id:  niveditashaarma@yahoo.co.in

Abstract: One of the most important challenges for the new global economy is to find out new sources of bioenergy. Microalgae play an important role as a source of renewable biomass fuel due to its photosynthetic efficiency and the possibility of biotransformation of its carbohydrates into bioethanol. This paper aims to assess first time ever the role of Rhizoclonium sp. (green algae) as a potential substrate for bioethanol production by using different monoculture and co-culture combination of yeast cells under different modes of fermentation SHF and SSF. It also throws light on biomass structure analysis after different pretreatment conditions through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and analysis of different inhibitors generated after enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. Activated charcoal and overliming strategies were employed for detoxification of hydrolysates and 5-Hydroxy methyl furfurals as well as sugars were quantified with the help of HPLC. When compared, the maximum ethanol of 23.70 g/l with fermentation efficiency of 46.37% was observed from pretreated biomass under Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) with Saccharomyces cerevisiae I.

[Poonam Sharma, Nivedita Sharma and Nisha Sharma.Exploration of Rhizoclonium sp. algae potential under different ethanol production strategies with SEM analysis of biomass and detoxification of hydrolysate.  Life Sci J 2022;19(7):16-31]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 03. doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.03.

Keywords: Rhizoclonium sp., Algae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Fermentation

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Evaluation of the effect of local anesthetic wound infiltration and intra peritoneal instillation on pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Authors

1- Hazem Nour

(correspondent author)

Assistant professor, general surgery department, faculty of medicine , zagazig university  , POSTAL CODE , 44519

Tel: 01006247367

H_nour_2002@yahoo.com,   hazemnour75@gmail.com

2- Hatem Mohammad

email;  Dr.hatem.2009@gmail.com

3- fady fayek ,

Email; fadyfayek2006@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)  is one of the most common operations in the last decade   it achieves superior outcomes in postoperative pain, recovery time, cosmetic issues, and morbidity .  LC is associated with less postoperative pain than open cholecystectomy,  Postoperative abdominal and shoulder pain after LC is a considerable cause of patients distress, and is the primary reason for prolonged convalescence and overnight hospital stay after  . many methods have  been tried to treat  postoperative pain.  As,    non-steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs,   local infiltration with local anesthetics, epidural and intrathecal opioids and local anesthetics, intercostal nerve blocks as well as intraperitoneal routes that in turn have been explored with local anesthetics and opioids.   intraperitoneal instillation (IPI) of a saline and local anesthesia (LA) solution decreases the overall pain sensation after laparoscopic cholecystectomy,  Other reported benefits of IPI of LA in laparoscopy is earlier discharge , decreases opioid consumption and  postoperative nausea and vomiting  and improves pulmonary function during the postoperative. Patient and methods; 74 patients divided into 2 groups each consists of 37 patients, 1st  group the control group  .the 2nd  group received intraperitoneal lidocaine 2% in the undersurface of diaphragm and at the gall bladder bed , and infiltration around the incisions. Results , there is significant improvement in the pain scores in patients who received local anesthetics in the 1st 24 hours postoperative. Conclusion,  local anesthetic intraperitoneal instillation and infiltration around wounds decreases the post-operative pain and improves patients recovery  in cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

[Hazem Nour. Evaluation of the effect of local anesthetic wound infiltration and intra peritoneal instillation on pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy .  Life Sci J 2022;19(7):32-37]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 04. doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.04.

Key words : local anesthetic , laparoscopic cholecystectomy , pain  intraperitoneal

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Assessment of Genetic Diversity Among Sunflower Inbred Lines for the Development of Recombinants having Better Achene Yield and Oil Quality

Muhammad Aftab¹, Rizwana Qamar¹, Sajida Habib¹, Momna Mehmood², Muhammad Aslam¹, Ali Hassan¹, Amir Bibi², Shamsa Kanwal³, Hafiz Saad Bin Mustafa^1*, Shazia Saeed¹, Ahmad Nawaz Gill¹

¹Oilseeds Research Institute, Faisalabad (Pakistan).

²Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, (Pakistan).

³Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Faisalabad (Pakistan).

*Corresponding Author’s Email: saadpbg@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: Assessment of genetic diversity in germplasm is prerequisite for the success of any plant breeding program. Twenty-four Sunflower inbred lines including 15 cytoplasmic male sterile lines (A lines) and nine fertility restorer lines (R lines) were sown to estimate genetic dissimilarities at research area of Oilseeds Research Institute, Faisalabad (Pakistan) during Spring 2018. The objective of study was identification of superior inbred lines to be utilize as parental inbred lines for the development of better recombinants and estimation of association among important qualitative and quantitative characters. Data revealed that Sunflower inbred lines possessed noticeable genetic variation and have potential for utilization in hybrid development program. Among A lines, ORI-92, ORI-94 and ORI-25 has proved their worth for good seed yield and can be employed in crossing with R lines RL-66, RL-68 and RL-50 having high Oleic acid content may give a better recombinant as they displayed high degree of genetic divergence among them. Moreover, yield had positive relationship with head diameter and Linoleic acid while negative relationship with Oleic acid.

[Muhammad Aftab, Rizwana Qamar, Sajida Habib, Momna Mehmood, Muhammad Aslam, Ali Hassan, Amir Bibi, Shamsa Kanwal, Hafiz Saad Bin Mustafa, Shazia Saeed, Ahmad Nawaz Gill.Assessment of Genetic Diversity Among Sunflower Inbred Lines for the Development of Recombinants having Better Achene Yield and Oil Quality. Life Sci J 2022;19(7):38-43]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 05. doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.05.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Hybrids, Inbred lines, Oil quality, Sunflower, Yield

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Micro-Electromechanical System Based Electronic Capsules (MEMS) Aimed At Optimizing Drug Delivery To The Human Body

Saman Hosseini

Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CANADA.

Saman.Hosseini@gmail.com

Abstract： In light of rapid advances in medical technology, we have witnessed significant transformation in drug/medication delivery mechanisms as well as its efficiency in recent years. The utilization of Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS) has achieved and accomplished valuable success in optimizing treatment as well as administrating medication. Specifically, there has been fewer side effects, effective medication delivery, ease of use, lower cost as well as patient satisfaction. Therefore, in this study, with the objective of becoming familiarized with this treatment system, we have endeavored to analyze capsules based on electromechanical technology. Moreover, the review approach and the library method were utilized. The study’s findings revealed that by using this system, drugs can be effectively administered at arbitrary rates and well-controlled by microfluidic platforms via integration, planting, localization, automation and precise control of various parameters. Essentially, this micro-device can efficiently reach all the target areas. Accordingly, these features make repeatable/reproducible and on-demand drug delivery possible. Hence, the performance of all of them can be viewed as positive as well as a suitable alternative in treatment and administrating medication to a specific area of the body.

[Saman Hosseini.Micro-Electromechanical System Based Electronic Capsules (MEMS) Aimed At Optimizing Drug Delivery To The Human Body.Life Sci J 2022;19(7):44-54]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 06. doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.06.

Keywords: Medication/Drug Delivery System, Electromechanical Systems, Timer Capsules, Robotic Capsules, Remote-Controlled Capsules, Implantable Capsules

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[Life Sci J 2022;19(7):55-63]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 07. doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.07.

withdrawn

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Correlation study between onset of NAFLD with physiological parameters among populations of Kolkata and suburbs facing rapid urbanization

Abhishek Sharma¹, Susmita Chandra² *

1.       College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, WB, India

2.       Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, WB, India

*Corresponding author : susmitachandra2506@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: Background : NAFLD is associated with the fat accumulation and liver inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine the role of fried food for liver fat accumulation and progression of NAFLD. All the procedures were performed after Institutional Ethical clearance. Results : Patients with other hepatic disorders, diabetes, improper levels of liver function components. Consumption of deep fried food is found to be directly correlated to the onset of fat in the liver. Most of the patients are showing a positive correlation while some of the patients diagnosed NAFLD without regular habit of deep fried food consumption. On the other hand a group of normal participants were showing interesting results because they consume fried food regularly but without any symptom of NAFLD. Conclusion: The fatty liver condition has an association with High FBS and impaired Lipid profile, but all diabetics and obese people not found to develop NAFLD.

[Abhishek Sharma, Susmita Chandra.Correlation study between onset of NAFLD with physiological parameters among populations of Kolkata and suburbs facing rapid urbanization. Life Sci J 2022;19(7):64-73]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X(online).http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 08. doi:10.7537/marslsj190722.08.

KEYWORDS: NAFLD, Deep fried food, FBS, LDL, HDL

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