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The Dynamic Effects of High-carbon Biochar-based Fertilizer on Microbial Communities in Tobacco-planting Soil

   Haohao Hao¹, Junlin Wu¹, Xiaojing Xu¹, Weihuan Jin², Lijun Yang^1*, Hongxiang Guo^2*

¹Zhumadian Branch of Henan Province Tobacco Company, Zhumadian 463000, Henan, China; ²College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China

guohongxiang06@126.com, zmdylj@163.com

Abstract: Soil microorganism is an important component of the soil, it plays an important role in the formation of soil fertility and plant nutrition transformation. Soil microbial species and quantity can be used as evaluation index of soil fertility. In order to solve soil quality degradation caused by long-term single planting patterns, ZhongYan 100 was planted in the experiment of high-carbon biochar-based restoration fertilizer, and its effect on soil microbial community was evaluated. It was found that high-carbon biochar-based restoration fertilizer could increase the number of rhizosphere bacteria and reduce the number of rhizosphere fungi, improving soil microbial community composition. Therefore, the appropriate application of high-carbon biochar-based restoration fertilizer can improve continuous cropping soil through adjusting soil microbial community.

[Haohao Hao, Junlin Wu, Xiaojing Xu, Weihuan Jin, Lijun Yang, Hongxiang Guo. The Dynamic Effects of High-carbon Biochar-based Fertilizer on Microbial Communities in Tobacco-planting Soil. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):1-6] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.01.

Keywords: Soil; Tobacco; High-carbon Biochar; Microorganism; Restoration fertilizer

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Malaria in Different Regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the Year 2018

Anas Siraj Dablool, Alashary Adam Eisa Hamdoon

Department of public health, College of health sciences at Al Leith, Umm Al-Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

asdablool@uqu.edu.sa

Abstract: The risk of acquisition of malaria in Saudi Arabia is limited to the Southwestern part of the country, with the highest number of cases reported from Gizan and Aseer regions. The Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia is free of local transmission of malaria since 1978. The lack of transmission of malaria in this province is related to the malaria control program that was set in place in 1948 (Al-Tawfifiq, 2006). The present article searched Saudi Ministry of Health reports, data was obtained from Open Data Portal (https://data.gov.sa/Data/en/organizaton/ministry_0f_health) is the data that can be freely used, re-used, and redistributed by anyone without any technical, financial or legal restriction. The collected data included notified malaria cases and malaria parasites species in twenty Regions which were: Riyadh, Makkah, Jeddah, Ta`if, Medinah, Eastern, Al-Ahsa, Hafr Al-Baten, Qaseem, Aseer, Bishah, Tabouk, Ha`il, Northern, Jazan, Najran, Al-Bahah, Al-Jouf, Qurayyat and Qunfudah. This article aimed to determine the malaria prevalence and species of Plasmodium causing the disease in different regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the year 2018. Saudi Ministry of Health reported that malaria parasites were notified from 19 regions. Four malaria parasites species were reported: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malaria. Out of 1015953 examined persons positive cases of malaria were found 2710, of which 1908 (0.19%) were a malignant malaria (Plasmodium falciparum), 802 (0.08%) were Benign Tertiary (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale) and one case (0.00009%) were a Quartan (Plasmodium malaria). For Plasmodium falciparum, high number of cases were reported in Jazan (n = 1358), Jeddah (n = 118) and Eastern region (n = 101). For Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale, high number of cases were reported in Eastern (n = 208), Jazan (n = 158), Riyadh (n = 97) and Jeddah (n = 97). The prevalence of malaria in this study was found 0.27.

[Dablool A  Siraj, Hamdoon A Eisa. Malaria in Different Regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the Year 2018. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):7-14] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.02.

Keywords: Prevalence; Malaria parasites; Distribution; Malignant malaria; Jazan

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Modification of the glassy carbon electrode with Multi-walled carbon nanotube/1, 4-dihydroxy anthraquinone/chitosan, As a potentiometric pH sensor

Meisam Asghari ¹, Paria Amirian²

¹ Faculty of chemistry, University of  Sistan & Baloochestan, Iran.

Email: mei_asghari_chem@yahoo.com

²Department of Environment, Payame Noor University (PNU), I.R. of IRAN

 Email: paria_amirian@yahoo.com

Abstract:  In this study, the electrochemical behavior of 1, 4-dihydroxy anthraquinone (Q) is investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique at glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in different pH. The results have been shown one redox wave in aqueous solution and the redox wave shifted to negative potential with increasing pH. The half potential (E 1/2) for redox wave was linear in the pH range form 1.5 to 7.0.  A modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is prepared using an appropriate mixture of Q/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Chitosan. The electrochemical behaviors of sensor were studied in different pH. The half potential (E1/2) of the redox wave was shifted to negative potential with increasing pH.  It is found the E1/2 for redox wave was linear over a range of 11 pH units in pH range between 1.0 and 12.0 the values of correlation coefficient and RSD are 0.997 and 1.99% respectively which is so better than previous method.

[Meisam Asghari, Paria Amirian. Modification of the glassy carbon electrode with Multi-walled carbon nanotube/1, 4-dihydroxy anthraquinone/chitosan, As a potentiometric pH sensor. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):15-18] ISSN1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.03.

Keywords: multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Chitosan, pH sensor, 1, 4-dihydroxy anthraquinone

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A Proficient System for Automatic Detection of Risk Level in Disease Detection using Association Rule based DRF Algorithm

B. Gomathy¹, Dr. A. Shanmugam², S.M.Ramesh³

¹Research Scholar, Anna University, Coimbatore.

²Professor, Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India.

³Assistant Professor Senior Grade, Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Erode, India

Abstract -A challenging research problem for researchers is predicting heart problem, breast cancer, tumor, the most daunting diseases.  Current research in this area is struggling to provide accurate and better solution for prediction of such deadly diseases. In this paper, we proposed Discriminative Rule Framing (DRF) algorithm analyze and predict the survivability of disease in a patient.  We use association rule of data mining to reveal the biological hidden patterns and derive association rules from huge medical data set.  Initial rules generated through association rule mining along with subset attributes of data set are given as input to our proposed DRF risk analysis system to predict the risk level of given data set.  The significance of our proposed DRF is evaluated using confidence, support and lift metrics.  Experimental result shows that, prediction level of our DRF is more accurate than other existing algorithms.

[B. Gomathy, A. Shanmugam, S.M. Ramesh. A Proficient System for Automatic Detection of Risk Level in Disease Detection using Association Rule based DRF Algorithm. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):19-27] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.04.

Index terms - Association Rule Mining, Risk Analysis, Convictional Measures, CART, Machine Learning.

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Importance of palm biodiesel as a transportation fuel in Malaysia

Obed M. Ali¹, Rizalman Mamat¹, Nik R. Abdullah², Abdul Adam Abdullah¹

^1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia

^2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Technology MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

obedmajeed@gmail.com

Abstract: The world today is faced with serious environmental pollution and global warming. Besides, fossil fuel will become rare and faces a serious shortage in the near future. This has triggered the awareness to find sustainable energy sources as alternative energy. Transportation has dominated global fuel consumption and greenhouse gas effects have risen at an alarming rate. In Malaysia, the transportation sector is the second largest energy consuming sector after the industrial sector, Gasoline and diesel consumption for road transport have a faster growing rate than other sector and the trend appeared to be moving rapidly upwards in the near future. This has caused much concern to improve the sustainable energy of this sector. Even though different alternative energy solutions have been put forward to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels, biofuels remain one of the few options which are capable of replacing the fossil fuels roles in the transportation sector without suffering from major economic losses. Palm oil is one of the most efficient oil bearing crops in terms of oil yield, efficiency, land utilization and productivity. As a leading producer of palm oil, Malaysia is intended to implement mandatory biodiesel blends in its transportation sector in order to balance the energy demand and achieve its carbon reduction commitment towards a more sustainable development. This article discusses the potential of palm oil-based biodiesel fuel and the current scenario of transportation sector development in Malaysia. The study found that there is an urgent need to adopt suitable energy policy to balance the energy demand and reduce emission in the transportation sector. It is hoped that this case study will enable the Malaysian government to achieve their renewable energy target in the transportation sector..

[Ali OM, Mamat R, Abdullah NR, Abdullah A. Importance of palm biodiesel as a transportation fuel in Malaysia. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):28-37] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com.

5.doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.05.

Keywords: Biodiesel; Transportation; Energy; Fossil fuel; Emission

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Performance of Growing Crossbred Goats fed by-pass Methionine Raised under Semi Arid Condition

Mutassim M. Abdelrahman, Riyadh S. Aljumaah, Alaeldein M. Abudabos

King Saud University, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Department of Animal production, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

E mail: amutassim@ksu.edu.sa 

Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of protein to growing crossbred kids (F1: 50% Shami breed x 50% baladi breed). Weanling crossbred kids (n=18; 75 to 90 days old) were selected and individually housed at our experimental farm. Kids were divided randomly to one of the three treatments. The three dietary treatments were: T1: Control ration, formulated according to NRC (1985) to cover the protein and other nutrients requirements. 2: T2, ration formulated to covered only 75% of protein recommended by NRC. 3:  T3, Control diet + bypass methionine 2.4 g Smartamine®/day/ kid. Kids were individually fed ad libitum their respective diets for 12 weeks and feed intake were recorded daily for each kid. Initial and monthly body weights were also recorded. Blood samples were collected monthly and analyzed for metabolites and some trace minerals concentrations. At the end of the experiment, three kids from each treatment were slaughtered and kidney, liver and spleen were taken, weighted and samples collected, including meat, for further analysis. Data were analyzed using Complete Randomized Design with repeated measurements. Feeding crossbred growing kids bypass methionine above NRC recommendation significantly (P<0.05) improve final body weight, total weight gain, average daily gain and feed conversion ration when compared with the control and T1 groups. There was no significant effect (P>0.05) of treatments on mineral concentrations in blood serum, liver, kidney, spleen and meat samples. Furthermore, treatments didn’t cause any significant effect (P>0.05) on cholesterol, albumin, total protein, glucose and creatinine levels in the blood serum, but affect meat quality measurements. In conclusion, feeding bypass methionine above NRC protein recommendation level cause a significant improvement in performance of crossbred growing kids. Breed and environmental factors may affect protein and probably other nutrients requirements when compared with NRC recommendation. Further research is needed.

[Mutassim M. Abdelrahman, Riyadh S. Aljumaah, Alaeldein M. Abudabos. Performance of Growing Crossbred Goats fed by-pass Methionine Raised under Semi Arid Condition. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):38-44] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X(online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.06.

Keywords: Goats; NRC; bypass methionine; performance; protein requirements

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Robust Bootstrap Procedure for Estimation of Binary Logistic Regression Model in the Presence of High Leverage Points with Medical Applications

Syaiba Balqish Ariffin ¹, Habshah Midi ¹, A.H.M. Rahmatullah Imon ²

^1. Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

^2. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, USA

syaibabalqish@gmail.com

Abstract: The classical bootstrap method should be used with caution in binary logistic regression model since it can be easily affected by high leverage points. As a remedy to this problem, we propose two robust bootstrap methods, called the diagnostic logistic before bootstrap (DLGBB) and the weighted logistic bootstrap with probability (WLGBP). In the DLGBB, the high leverage points are excluded before applying the resampling process, and for the WLGBP, the high leverage points are attributed with low probabilities to be selected in the resampling process. The usefulness of our proposed methods is investigated through medical data and simulation study. Both the empirical and simulation results confirm that the DLGBB and the WLGBP methods give significant improvement over the classical bootstrap method.

[Ariffin SB, Midi H, Imon AHMR. Robust Bootstrap Procedure for Estimation of Binary Logistic Regression Model in the Presence of High Leverage Points with Medical Applications. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):45-62]ISSN1097-8135 (print); ISSN2372-613X(online)http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.07.

Keywords: Logistic regression; maximum likelihood; random X resampling; robust bootstrap; high leverage points

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Database of Support Vector Machine Based Tools and Servers Used in Computational Biology

Muheet A Saifi*

Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University

Riyadh-11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

msaifi@ksu.edu.sa

Abstract：Though there are a lot of tools and servers available to solve a biological issue but a comprehensive and extensive search is prerequisite to find out an appropriate tool or server. Even after this tedious brain storming effort, the huge amount of data leads to a great possibility of redundancy in the obtained work stations. Therefore, compilation of all the related resources together is the most demanding necessity of time. Out of multiple approaches, support vector machine (SVM) has great significance in the development of biological tools and web servers for prediction of protein structure-function, genome annotation, structural and functional genomics, comparative proteomics and genomics, immuno-informatics and phylogenetic analysis. In this study we are reporting 110 SVM based tools and web servers which will exponentially accelerate the research work in biological science.

(Saifi, MA. Database of Support Vector Machine Based Tools and Servers Used in Computational Biology. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):63-73] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8.

doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.08.

Keywords: Epitope; Mitochondrial protein; Poly (A) tail; Sub-cellular localization; SV

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[Life Sci J 2021;18(9):74-82] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com.

Withdrawn

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Large Bilateral ovarian Mucinous cystadenoma in an adolescent: Case Report and literature review

Fotoon S. AlZhrani¹ MBBCh, Maram A. Enani¹ MBBCh, Leena Sharafuddin¹ MBBCh, Reem K. Alhazmi² MBBCh, Sarah A. Alghanmi² MBBCh, Wejdan O. Baamer³ MBBCh, SBOG

¹Medical Interne, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

²Medical Interne, Ibn Sina National College Jeddah Saudi Arabia

³Assitant Professor & Senior Registrar, Department Of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

email: ftoonalzhrani@gmail.com

Abstract: Ovarian tumors are rare, account for less than 2% of all tumors in pediatric and adolescent age group, the epithelial type accounts 10-28% out of them. Mucinous cystadenoma considered to be the second most common subtype of epithelial ovarian tumors after serous cystadenoma. It tends to be presenting with nonspecific signs and symptoms of lower abdominal pain, fulness and progressive distension, or completely asymptomatic. It can reach huge size and can be benign, borderline or malignant. Primary mucinous ovarian tumors are the second common origin with the appendix as first common site of this histological type. Also, it tends to be unilateral ovarian involvement with risk of 10 % to be bilateral. We are presenting a rare case of bilateral large primary mucinous cystadenoma in a 14 years old adolescent girl with nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain and distension who was found to have bilateral ovarian mass which was found to be primary ovarian mucinous cystadenoma in both ovaries of endocervical type by histological examination after successful laparoscopic bilateral ovarian cystectomy.

[Fotoon S. Alzhrani, Maram A.Enani, Reema K. Alhazmi, Sarah A. Alghanmi, Wejdan O. Baamer. Large Bilateral ovarian Mucinous cystadenoma in an adolescent: Case Report and literature review. Life Sci J 2021;18(9):83-86] ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online) http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj180921.10.

Key words: Mucinous cystadenoma, Adolescent ovarian tumors, Bilateral ovarian mucinous cystadenoma

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