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Chronic exposure to microcystin-LR causes autophagy in male testis cells through DNA damage

Shiyu Zhang ¹, Yu Cui ¹, Rui Wang ¹, Huang Zhan ¹, Andi Dong ¹, Xinyue Zhou ¹, Fei Yang ² * , Huizhen Zhang ¹ *

College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

huizhen18@126.com

Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, China

phfyang@csu.edu.cn

Abstract: Microcystins are a new type of environmental pollutant, posing a significant risk to human health. Previous studies have found that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) can cause autophagy in testicular cells, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, this study explored whether chronic exposure to MC-LR can cause autophagy in mouse testicular cells and its mechanism. Male mice were exposed to different MC-LR concentrations (0, 1, 30, 60, 90, 120 μg/L) with free drinking water for 15 months. Detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins and DNA damage-related factors in the testes of mice to explore the role of DNA damage in autophagy induced by chronic exposure to MC-LR. The results showed that MC-LR significantly up-regulated the expression of autophagy-associated proteins ATG5 and BECLIN1 in testicular cells. Furthermore, MC-LR may cause autophagy through DNA damage, manifested in the up-regulation DNA damage genes ATM, ATR, and XRCC4 in the testicular cell. In summary, our results suggest that chronic exposure to MC-LR triggers autophagy through DNA damage in the testes of mice. This study reveals the molecular mechanism of autophagy induced by chronic exposure to MC-LR and provides a new perspective for studying the chronic reproductive toxicity of MC-LR.

[Shiyu Zhang, Yu Cui, Rui Wang, Huang Zhan, Andi Dong, Xinyue Zhou, Fei Yang, Huizhen Zhang. Chronic exposure to microcystin-LR causes autophagy in male testis cells through DNA damage. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):1-5]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.01.

Keywords: Microcystin-LR; Chronic exposure; Autophagy; DNA damage

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Effect of microcystin-LR on Oxidative Damage in the Heart of Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Linjia Shi, Yu Cui, Zhan Huang, Andi Dong, Xinyue Zhou, Huizhen Zhang*

College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China

huizhen18@126.com

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the oxidative damage effect of microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) on rat heart tissue. Studies have found that MC-LR can cause cardiac histopathological changes, but the specific mechanism that causes cardiotoxicity is still unclear. In this study, 12 adolescent Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a control group (normal saline) and an experimental group (MC-LR, 40μg/kg), and they were injected intraperitoneally for 14 days. The pathological changes of SD rat heart tissue were detected by HE staining. In addition, we also detected the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat myocardium. The study found that mast cell infiltration appeared in the myocardial tissue of SD rats in the experimental group, and more common ventricular venous congestion was observed. No abnormality was observed in the control group. Compared with the control group, the MDA content and SOD activity of lipid oxidation products in the heart tissue of SD rats increased. These results indicate that MC-LR may damage the heart of SD rats by altering the oxidation of the heart tissue of SD rats.

[Linjia Shi, Yu Cui, Zhan Huang, Andi Dong, Xinyue Zhou, Huizhen Zhang. Effect of microcystin-LR on Oxidative Damage in the Heart of Male Sprague-Dawley Rats. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):6-11]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.02.

Key words: Microcystin-LR; Cardiotoxicity; Oxidative stress

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Characteristics Of Pomegranate Peel Extract And Its Components Obtained By Different Processes

Qamar Sajjad, Sadia Ansar, Muhammad Usman, Bushra Iqbal, Maria Azeem, Hasham Asghar, Shumail Bashir, Moman Khan, Asad Iqbal, Ayesha Khaliq*

National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

Email: ashkhaliq33@gmail.com

Abstract: Pomegranate (Punicagranatum) was originated in the Middle East but now grows in the Mediterranean, Chinese, American and SA areas. The pomegranate peel, juice, and seeds contain various nutritional compounds. Pomegranate peel is a rich source of hydrolysable tannins, phenols, and anthocyanin. Pomegranate peel is mostly worn out by industry. This review papers summarises the nutritional properties of pomegranate peel and its extract and its methods of extraction. Pomegranate peel has various functional properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, ant mutagenic, anti-cancer activity, etc. due to total phenolic compounds that are phytochemicals in Pomegranate peel. Some techniques such as ultrasound-assisted, HVED, citric acid, high pressure and enzymatic assisted extraction of PP in which high pressure is the more effective technique for extracting various compounds from pomegranate peel because it minimized the compound damage losses. PP is a rich source of various functional compounds and consumers should switch to natural compounds in order to benefit their wellbeing.

[Qamar Sajjad, Sadia Ansar, Muhammad Usman, Bushra Iqbal, Maria Azeem, Hasham Asghar, Shumail Bashir, Moman Khan, Asad Iqbal, Ayesha Khaliq. Characteristics Of Pomegranate Peel Extract And Its Components Obtained By Different Processes. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):12-22]. ISSN 1097-8135 (print); ISSN 2372-613X (online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.03.

Keywords: Pomegranate, Punicagranatum, peel, Extraction techniques

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Dinukleotidny polymorphism of fine-fleece breeds of sheep on microsatellites

Burabaev A, Marzanov N, Baisaparov A, Nurmashev B

South Kazakhstan State Pharmaceutical Academy, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan

assilbek@mail.ru

Abstract: Results of scientifically research work on determination of polymorphism with using the dinucleotide microsatellite locuses (Msma11, Msma14, Msma20, Msma24, Msma26) among fine-fleece breeds of sheep. For research was engaged 250 livestock of sheep of CIS countries. Results of research showed that polymorphism of all 5 dinukleotide microsatellite locuses are high.

[Burabaev A, Baisaparov A, Yessirkepov M, Nurmashev B. Dinukleotidny polymorphism of fine-fleece breeds of sheep on microsatellites. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):23-26] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.04.

Keywords: DNA-mikrosatellites; sheep; polymorphism; PСR

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Quality of Medical Care in Mammography Divisions: A Report and Review of the Literature

Zahra Siavashpour¹, Simin Mehdizadeh², Afrooz Farshadi², Milad Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi³*, Hamid Nasri⁴

1. Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

2. Radiation Research Center and Medical Radiation Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran  

3. Medical Physics and Medical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 

4. Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

milad_bgh@yahoo.com & mbaradaran@edc.mui.ac.ir

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of medical care and the status of radiological practice and equipment performance according to the protocols established by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in mammography divisions of Shiraz, Iran. In addition, a review of the literature is also presented. Five diagnostic mammography divisions, namely; Namazi, Faghihi, Hafez, Zeinabieh, and MRI were studied. Protocol related to staff and health physicist duties was investigated by arranging a standard questionnaire. Results showed that, approximately 47% of the staff had not passed necessary training in radiation protection and quality assurance radiation program in the beginning of their work. Moreover, about 80% of them had not their licenses renewed by attending the training classes again. More attention should be given to training and protection of the staff and quality control of the mammography machines and equipments.

[Siavashpour Z, Mehdizadeh S, Farshadi A, Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi M, Nasri H. Quality of Medical Care in Mammography Divisions: A Report and Review of the Literature. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):27-33] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.05.

Keywords: Mammography, medical care, radiography

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MiR-30a regulates cardiomyocyte autophagy induced by ischemia-reperfusion through Beclin-1

Jionghua Huang^1#, Chunlin Huang^2#, Yishan Luo², Shiming Liu¹, Yizhi Pan^2*

1. Department of cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China

2. Department of cardiology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China

* Corresponding author: Department of cardiology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China

E-mail address: gzpanyz63@126.com

^#These authors contribute equally to this article (co-first author).

Abstract: Autophagy, referred as autophagy for short, is lysosome-dependent degradation pathway existing in eukaryotic cells, which runs through the whole process of normal cell growth and development and pathophysiology, and is an important way for biological degradation of intracellular proteins, to complete organelle transformation and to maintain homeostasis. Autophagy plays a significant role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. So it is important to inhibit autophagy to protect cardiomyocytes besides anti-apoptosis. MiRNA has been demonstrated to protect cardiomyocytes against apoptosis during IR, while whether it has anti-autophagy effect has not been known. The aim of this study was to investigate whether miR-30a regulated autophagy by regulating Beclin-1 protein, which is the marker of autophagosome during myocardial IR injury. In this study, we found that IR induced cardiomyocytes autophagy, together with down-regulation of miR-30a and upregulation of Beclin-1 protein. And, we have found that Beclin-1 protein was regulated by miR-30a, using the method of transferring miR-30a mimic or AMO-204 into the cardiomyocytes, before. These studies provided evidence that miR-30a played an important role in regulating autophagy through Beclin-1 protein during IR.

[Jionghua Huang, Chunlin Huang, Yishan Luo, Shiming Liu, Yizhi Pan. MiR-30a regulates cardiomyocyte autophagy induced by ischemia-reperfusion through Beclin-1. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):34-38]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.06.

【Key words】Autophagy; Beclin-1; cardiomyocytes

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A Review on Available Techniques to Evaluate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Concentration Dependency on Certain Chemical Properties

Z.Y. Soon^1*, A.J.Y. Loh², C.G. Joseph³ and M. Sakari⁴

^1,3,4 School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

^1,3,4 Water Research Unit, Universiti Malaysia Sanah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

² Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 787 Haean-ro(st), Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeongqi-do, Korea.

*Corresponding author: zhiyang_soon@hotmail.com

Abstract: Organic pollutants such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) perform hydrophobic properties presented in high K_ow values. PAHs stick onto particles in the aquatic environment then settles on the sedimentary bed for deposition. The correlation of PAHs concentration with chemical properties of the particles remained less explained. This review highlights the current techniques, limitations and advantages and recommends new methods to be implemented in order to find PAHs concentrations’ correlation with chemical properties of hosting media. Size distribution methods follow wet and dry sieving where wet sieving is susceptible discarding pore water from the more fine particles results less PAHs concentration. Among Distillation methods such as Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE), Microwave, Sonication, Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) and Soxhlet, the latest method was chosen due to the accuracy and high recovery percentage. The clean-up and compound fractionation methods were preferred using hand packed glass silica gel where identically and specially designed for PAHs rather than commercially packed cartridges due to high recovery percentage. There are possible scenarios to correlate the concentration with chemical properties such as relation with sizes, organic material, total organic carbon and black carbon among others. Future researches are suggested to evaluate the recommended method in order to determine a better dependency of concentration with chemical and physical properties of the hosting media such as particles.

[Soon  ZY, Loh AJY, Joseph CG, Sakari M. A Review on Available Techniques to Evaluate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Concentration Dependency on Certain Chemical Properties. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):39-49] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifescience.com.7. doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.07.

Keywords: Extraction techniques, clean-up methods, organic material, chemical properties

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Mobile Phone Radiation and Human Serum Components: A Short Literature Review on Recent Findings

Hamid Nasri¹*, Parto Nasri², Milad Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi³, Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei³, Jafar Fattahi-asl⁴

^1.                     Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

^2.                     School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

^3.                     Department of Medical Physics and Medical Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

^4.                     Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Khuzestan, Iran

hamidnasri@yahoo.com

Abstract: In recent years, a growing concern about the possible health hazards of mobile phones radiofrequency radiation has increased considerably among almost everyone in the world, even on those who do not have such phones. Moreover, new technologies, which use the spectrum of high frequency emissions, are incorporated in many aspects of telecommunications. As a consequence, there is a lot of interest about the possible effects of the radiation emitted from the cell phones which are engaged in the telephony. This paper presents a review on recent findings of our research team on the effects of cell phones radiation on human serum chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), ferritin and triiodothronine (T3) levels.

[Nasri H, Nasri P, Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi M, Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Fattahi-asl J. Mobile Phone Radiation and Human Serum Components: A Short Literature Review on Recent Findings. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):50-55] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8.doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.08.

Keywords: Mobile phone, human serum, chorionic gonadotropin, ferritin, triiodothronine, immunoassay technique

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The association between arterial stiffness and risk of coronary artery disease in a community-based population

Yun ZHANG, Ping YE*, Leiming LUO, Yongyi BAI, Ruyi XU, Wenkai XIAO, Dejun LIU, Hongmei WU

Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing100853, P.R. China

yeping301103@163.com

Abstract: To investigate the association between caPWV and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted for subjects living in Beijing, China. We collected 213 subjects with coronary artery disease and 1266 subjects without CAD between September 2007 and January 2009 in a community center of Beijing. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to assess the odds ratios of factors related to CAD. We found CAD subjects were more likely to have a higher BMI, fasting glucose, uric acid, LDL cholesterol, hs-CRP, cfPWV and caPWV (P<0.05), and CAD subjects had a significantly lower HDL cholesterol levels (P<0.05). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, higher uric acid, hs-CRP, cfPWV and caPWV levels significantly increased the risk of CAD, with ORs (CI) of 1.47, 1.17, 1.35, 1.15 and 1.07, respectively. Higher HDL cholesterol was significantly associated with reduced risk of CAD, with ORs (CI) of 0.58. The cfPWV and caPWV is independently associated with significant CAD, and cfPWV has significant correlation with age and hypertension. CfPWV and caPWV may be used as a practical tool for predicting the risk of CAD.

[Yun ZHANG, Ping YE*, Leiming LUO, Yongyi BAI, Ruyi XU, Wenkai XIAO, Dejun LIU, Hongmei WU. The association between arterial stiffness and risk of coronary artery disease in a community-based population. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):56-61] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9.doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.09.

Keywords: Arterial stiffness; PWV; coronary artery disease

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Multicultural Problem Of Woman’s Position In Society And Family In Focus Of Literary Studies And Medicine

Ljudmila Jacovlevna Voronova, Alexei Nikolajevich Pashkurov, Anatolij Ilich Razzhivin

Kazan Federal University. 420008, Kazan, Kremlevskaya str., 18.

voljudmila@yandex.ru; 89179270136 (L.J.Voronova); anp.72@mail.ru; 89178674307 (A.N.Pashkurov); arazzhivin@yandex.ru; 89274563695 (A.I.Razzhivin)

Rinat Badrievich Sabirov, Natalja Nikolajevna Muslimova

Kazan State Medical University. 420012, Kazan, Butlerov str., 49.

p_kgmu@mail.ru; 89172957609 (R.B.Sabirov); 2367492@mail.ru; 89172253691 (N.N. Muslimova)

Abstract: A new systemic pattern of perception of social and cultural problem of woman’s position in the family and society based on analytical data of literary studies and medicine is proposed in the article. A typology of the problem of women’s rights restriction in the society, violence against them, feminism is in the focus of attention. The study is carried out with the account of diachrony and synchrony against the broad historical and cultural, and social and cultural backgrounds. Up-to-date information on gender psychology and socioculturology of a modern society is involved.

[Ljudmila Jacovlevna Voronova, Alexei Nikolajevich Pashkurov, Anatolij Ilich Razzhivin.Multicultural Problem Of Woman’s Position In Society And Family In Focus Of Literary Studies And Medicine.Life Sci J 2021;18(4):62-65] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10.doi:10.7537/marslsj180421.10.

Keywords:  gender, woman’s position in the family and society, multicultural situation, violence problem, feminism issues, medicine, literary studies.

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Quality of life in thalassemia major patients in an Iranian district

Noushin mobasser¹, Janmohamad Malekzadeh², Nasrin Zahmatkeshan³

¹ Department of clinical Governance Shahid beheshti hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

² Department of Nutrition, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

³ Department of Paramedical, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

malekjmd@yahoo.com

Abstract: Beta thalassemia major is a chronic inherited disease which leaves a lot of physical and mental effects on the individual and family. Over time the intensive and disabling complications of the disease affect body organs and tissues, reduce the individual’s efficiency, and ultimately reduce the quality of life. The present research was carried out with the objective of a study on quality of life in thalassenia major patients referring to thalassemia center of Boeir-Ahmad. This research is a descriptive- analytical study which was carried out on 72 thalassemia patients referring to thalassemia center of Boeir-Ahmad. The patient’s quality of life was studied using an Iranian version of short questionnaire with 36 options on quality of life. Patient’s gender, education, age, Job, medical history, familial background, blood group, RH type and facial deformities were evaluated and reported. Data are reported using descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean and standard deviations and also inferential statistics. The age mean and standard deviation (SD) of participants were 20.5± 4.7 years, 65% were single, and 40% with mild to moderate face deformities. The findings in the research showed the quality of life was relatively desirable in 52 % of the patients, undesirable in 19% and desirable in 29%. Also the findings showed that the emotional role is most affected aspect of quality of life. Mental health and general quality of life did not show significant correlation with level of education, sex, economic status, type of follow- up, type of complications. A significant correlation was observed only with facial changes (p<0.001). undesirable and relatively desirable quality of life and also the high prevalence of facial deformities are significant health problems in Boirahmad thalassemia patients. So we suggest applying appropriate educational plans and psychiatric consultations and also more and better medical services and rehabilitations to reduce the complications of the disease in these patients.

[Noushin mobasser, Janmohamad Malekzadeh, Nasrin Zahmatkeshan. Quality of life in thalassemia major patients in an Iranian district. Life Sci J 2021;18(4):66-72] (ISSN:1097-8135).

10.7537/marslsj180421.11.11.doi:http://www.lifesciencesite.com

Keywords: Thalassemia Major, Quality of life, mental health, Thalassemia complications

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