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Application of Chemical Fingerprinting in resolving nomenclatural ambiguities between Citrus sinensis and Citrus reticulata

Ebigwai JK¹, Ilondu ME², Ononyumen, MO¹ and Egboduku, WO²

¹ Department of Plant & Ecological Studies, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

² Department of Botany, Delta State University, Abraka.

Corresponding Author: ebijoe4@gmail.com

Abstract: Morphological authentication of closely related taxa using vegetative parts has been challenging for taxonomist. Present study aimed to applying phytochemical fingerprinting techniques in distinguishing Citrus sinensis and Citrus reticulata individuals in their non-fruiting seasons. Fresh leaf samples obtained were prepared using standard phytochemical protocols to determine colour change discrimination and thereafter subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GCMS) analysis to characterize the active ingredients and possibly infer compound (s) that influenced discrimination between both samples. The results of study revealed that flavonoid, terpenoids, and triterpene tests showed differential colorations each, thus these tests are potent in discriminating sample of C. sinensis from C. reticulata. Although, GCMS study for both samples showed the presence of thirty-six common active ingredients from both species, among these some common are lycoxanthin, carotenoid, hemiporphyrin, and flavonoid. This implied that these two species shared some common compounds which showed relation between these two species. However, the presence of some unique compounds to each sample could be the underlying sources of discrimination observed in the flavonoid, terpenoid and triterpene tests. Putative reactions of the twelve compounds/functional groups and reagents used for flavonoid or terpenoids tests aligned the likely products with the distinctive colours observed. Nonetheless some of the discriminatory compounds have complex structures that proved challenging to react. Conclusively, the study revealed that morphologically similar specimens of C. sinensis and C. reticulata can be authenticated by flavonoid, terpenoids and triterpene on their extracts. Hence, the study validates the use of chemical fingerprinting of plants in resolving taxonomic intricacies.

[Ebigwai JK, Ilondu ME, Onunyumen, MO and Egboduku, WO. Application of Chemical Fingerprinting in resolving nomenclatural ambiguities between Citrus sinensis and Citrus reticulata. Life Sci J 2020;17(11):1-10]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.01.

Keywords: Chemotaxonomy, Phytochemical screening, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GCMS) analyses, Citrus species.

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Numerical Study of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Continuous Deep Beams With Openings

Zeinab Reda Moubarek¹, Ibrahim hassan EL-Kersh², Ehab Mohamed Lotfy³ and Erfan Abd El-Latef⁴

¹Engineering Dept., Teaching Assistant in Obour High Institute for Engineering and Technology, Cairo, Egypt

²Professor of Concrete Structures, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

³Professor of Concrete Structures, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

⁴Assistant Professor of concrete structures, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

zeinabreda96@yahoo.com

Abstract: Deep beams have been used in many structures for structural and architectural purposes. However, the empirical methods did not design deep beams with openings. Strut and tie model (STM) are extensively used for these structures with D-region but if there is any openings, this opening will disrupt the flow of force transfer from loading point to supports and thus reduce the load carrying capacity. Building code (ACI 318-08) [1] and (ECP 203-2007) [2] did not give any explicit guidance for designing deep beam with openings. This study investigates the behaviour of reinforced concrete continuous deep beam with openings strengthened with steel fibres, considering many factors such as opening size, opening position, position of load and types of steel fibres. By using the 3D finite element model study these parameters. this study include twelve specimens with dimension (3600*1100*100) mm each span 1800mm, height of deep beam 1100mm, it's wide is 100mm. The results of this study shows that when the openings are located near the beam longitudinal centre line, the failure load is increased by 20.6% and cracks are reduced. Also, the study shows that the smaller openings give more carrying load capacity by 19.5% than the bigger ones. End hooked is the best type of steel fiber increased load failure by 24.1% than other types, ultimate load increase by 33.5% when decrease (a/d) ratio from 0.68 to 0.41 when (a) = distance from face of support to applied load and (d) = depth of beam. deep beams with opening produce earlier cracks compared to similar deep beams without opening. Steel fiber improved capacity for deep beams, load failure and ductility. Continuous deep beams increase results for load failure about 15% compare with simple deep beams.

[Zeinab Reda Moubarek, Ibrahim hassan EL-Kersh, Ehab Mohamed Lotfy and Erfan Abd El-Latef. Numerical Study of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Continuous Deep Beams With Openings. Life Sci J 2020;17(11):11-17]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.02.

Keywords: Continuous deep beam; Steel fiber; Deflection; ANSYS; Opening; Ductility

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[Life Sci J 2020;17(11):18-23]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3.

withdrawn 

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An Automated Approach for Medical Ontology Maintenance System

Norah Farooqi¹, Mariam Gawich ², Mohamed Osama Khozium³

¹College of Computer and Information Systems, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

² French University in Egypt (UFE)

³ Prof., Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, HITM Dep., ICRS Consultant; Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

nsfarooqi@uqu.edu.sa, Mariam.gawish@ufe.edu.eg, mokhozium@uqu.edu.sa

Abstract: The medical domain is characterized by the frequent new changes in terms of new treatments, new clinical findings. There is a necessity to maintain the medical ontology that is used in the healthcare enterprises to present the updated information to the patient, physician and other healthcare personnel. Challenges that face the evolution of the ontology are the consistency during the evolution process and the automation of the evolution process that doesn’t rely on the intervention of the user. Furthermore, the medical ontology lacks from the use of the unified standardized medical concepts. This paper presents a new approach that executes evolution in an automated way which ensures the ontology consistency. The proposed automated ontology evolution system is applied on the prior researched medical ontology evolution system. Moreover, the scientific standardized term is used instead of the commercial or localized term.

[Norah Farooqi, Mariam Gawich, Mohamed Osama Khozium. An Automated Approach for Medical Ontology Maintenance System. Life Sci J 2020;17(11):24-31]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.04.

Keywords: Knowledge engineering, medical informatics, ontology management, ontology evolution, ontology maintenance.

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Nursing Student’s Satisfaction on Curriculum: Bachelor of Science in nursing program

Gayathripriya Narayanan¹ and Hala Mohamed Sanad²

¹Ph.D, Fellow HEA, Assistant Professor, WHO Collaborating Center for Nursing Development, College of Health & Sports Sciences, University of Bahrain.

²DNS, Fellow HEA, Assistant Professor, WHO Collaborating Center for Nursing Development, College of Health & Sports Sciences, University of Bahrain.

Corresponding Author: e.mail-gnarayanan@uob.edu.bh

Abstract: Background: nursing student’s satisfaction is considered as one of the important yardstick to measure any academic program outcome and its success. Therefore, in any higher educational institutions, ongoing evaluation of any programs and the student’s satisfaction will positively affect the overall development of the students. Opportunities should be given to the students to share their opinion and it will help the faculty to modify or reform the curriculum according to the higher education standards thereby it directly maintains the pedagogic quality in nursing profession. Aim & Design: The aim of the study was to assess the satisfaction level among fourth year nursing students towards the BSN curriculum in college of health sciences. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to conduct this study. Setting: Study was conducted at College of Health Sciences in Bahrain. Sample: Purposive sampling technique. Tools: Nursing Student Satisfaction Scale (NSSS) was used to obtain data on 6-point Likert scale. Results: The overall mean score of 80.88(19.1) revealed that the students were adequately satisfied with the curriculum & teaching aspects. The physical environment and infrastructure gained a maximum mean score of 70.1(25.3). In regard to professional social interaction, the overall mean score was 77.1 (25.4). There was a significant association between age and curriculum & teaching at the level of p<0.05. Conclusion: Nursing students satisfaction towards nursing curriculum is an important yardstick to measure the level of satisfaction in terms of curriculum, teaching, professional interaction and learning environment.

[Gayathripriya Narayanan and Hala Mohamed Sanad. Nursing Student’s Satisfaction on Curriculum: Bachelor of Science in nursing program. Life Sci J 2020;17(11):32-38]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.05.

Key words: Nursing students, satisfaction, Nursing, curriculum

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Genetic study of some agronomic traits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Hina Firdous^1*, Saheera Tazein², Kiran Dost², Madeeha Maqsood², Ayesha Asghar³, Saba Irfan⁴

¹ Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

²Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.

³The Women University, Multan, Pakistan.

⁴Department of Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan.

Corresponding author’s email: hinafirdous72@yahoo.com

Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate eight parents and their 15 F₁'s in randomized complete block design with three replications for different agronomic characteristics. For plant height the line Aas 2011, tester 10065 and hybrid AARI 2011×9459 showed maximum plant height. Among lines, testers and crosses, the line Ujala 2016, tester 10065 and cross Johar 2016×9515 showed maximum number of tillers and number of spikelets per spike. The line AARI 2011, tester 9515 and hybrid Ujala 2016×9459 showed maximum spike length. For number of grains per spike line Johar 2016, tester 9515, and cross of AARI 2011×10065 showed highest value. The highest results were found for 1000 grain weight by line Ujala 2016, tester 9459 and Punjab 2011×9459. The line Aas 2011, tester 9459, and hybrid AARI 2011×9515 showed higher grain yield per plant.

[Hina Firdous, Saheera Tazein, Kiran Dost, Madeeha Maqsood, Ayesha Asghar, Saba Irfan. Genetic study of some agronomic traits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Life Sci J 2020;17(11):39-46]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.06.

Key words: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), yield, Line × tester analysis

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Long noncoding RNA MIAT promotes thyroid cancer progression by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Lijun Fu^{1, #}, Jia Huo^{2, #}, Zan Jiao¹, Hongting Li¹, Liwen Li¹, Qiqi Gu¹, Xinguang Qiu^{1, *}

¹Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, The construction of east road, Erqi district, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China

²Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1, The construction of east road, Erqi district, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China

^#Co-first authors

E-mail: qiuyih036603@163.com

Abstract: Background: Thyroid cancer is deemed as a prevalent endocrine cancer, which possesses relatively high occurrence and migration globally. MIAT has been reported to play an oncogenic role in a variety of cancers. Nevertheless, MIAT remains to be explored in thyroid cancer. This study is aimed to investigate the roles of MIAT in thyroid cancer. Materials and methods: The mRNA expression of genes was tested by microarray and RT-qPCR assay. CCK-8 and colonies formation assays were operated to evaluated cell proliferative capacity. Cell migration was examined by transwell assay. The interaction between miR-29b-3p and MIAT (or GPATCH2) was confirmed by luciferase reporter, RIP and RNA pull down assays. Western blot assay was performed to measure the protein expression of Wnt, β-catenin and GPATCH2. Results: We discovered that MIAT displayed high expression in thyroid cancer tissues and cells. Inhibition of MIAT suppressed proliferation and migration of thyroid cancer cells. Additionally, miR-29b-3p interacted with MIAT and miR-29b-3p amplification limited cell proliferation or migration in thyroid cancer. Moreover, miR-29b-3p negatively regulated the expression of GPATCH2. MIAT served as a ceRNA to sponge miR-29b-3p and target GPATCH2. At last, the inhibitive influence of MIAT deficiency on cell proliferation, migration and protein expression of Wnt, β-catenin and GPATCH2 was abrogated by GPATCH2 amplification. Conclusions: MIAT/miR-29b-3p/GPATCH2 promotes thyroid cancer progression via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which may serve a novel therapeutic point for thyroid cancer patients.

[Lijun Fu, Jia Huo, Zan Jiao, Hongting Li, Liwen Li, Qiqi Gu, Xinguang Qiu. Long noncoding RNA MIAT promotes thyroid cancer progression by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Life Sci J 2020;17(11):47-55]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.07.

Key words: MIAT, miR-29b-3p, GPATCH2, thyroid cancer, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

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[Life Sci J 2020;17(9):56-61]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8.

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Fishes as Environmental Indicators of Riverine Ecosystem

Abhay Kumar And Chanda Jha

P.G. Dept. Of Zoology, T.M.B. University Bhagalpur

Email: abhayecologist@gmail.com, chandajha.jha@gmail.com

Abstract: The ecological condition of river is represented by the condition of their biotic communities — the living components of aquatic ecosystems that integrate many forms of human disturbances and modification of river stream and the measurements of this subject was the topic of particular interest. Stressors or the pressures that human being exert on aquatic systems through their use of the surrounding environment are commonly the chemical, physical and biological components of the ecosystem. These have the potential to degrade biotic integrity. Some common chemical stressors are toxic compounds, excess nutrients etc. Most of the physical stressors are created when we modify the physical habitat of a river network-excess sedimentation, bank erosion etc. All these can degrade biotic integrity. Water quality plays vital role in riverine ecosystem health regulation. Environmental indicators have been defined as “physical, chemical, biological or socio-economic measures that best represent the key elements of a complex ecosystem or environmental issue. An indicator is embedded in a well developed interpretative framework and has meaning beyond the measure it represents. Using indicators, it is possible to evaluate the fundamental condition of the environment without having to capture the full complexity of the system. Indicators are based on the best scientific understanding currently available so that changes in these simple measures can be related to more complex environmental trends.

[Abhay Kumar And Chanda Jha. Fishes as Environmental Indicators of Riverine Ecosystem. Life Sci J 2020;17(11):62-72]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.09.

Key Words:- Ecosystems, Habitat, Indicators

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Phytochemicals, In-Vitro Antioxidant, In-Vitro antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic leaf extract from Eucalyptus globulus.

Arun Dev Sharma*, Manisha Chahal, Inderjeet Kaur, Narveer Singh¹

¹PG Dept of Physics, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

*Corresponding author, arundevsharma47@gmail.com, PG Dept of Biotechnology, Lyallpur Khalsa College, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

Abstract: Background: Eucalyptus globulus is one of the important medicinal plant widely used. Eucalyptus globulus plant belongs to genus Eucalyptus and family Myrtacaea. Genus Eucalyptus includes more than 700 species which are successfully introduced widely. In this study methanolic leaf extract of Eucalyptus globulus was studied for the estimation of photochemical constituents, in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Methods: Phytochemical constituents are checked by total phenol content estimation and total Flavonoids content estimation. UV-VIS, FT-IR and fluorescents analysis was also conducted. While antioxidant activities of plant extract was checked through scavenging of various free radical. For anti- inflammatory, checked by BSA protein denaturation assay. In vitro antimicrobial activity was also monitored. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, carbohydates and saponins. The leaf extract of Eucalyptus globulus shows considerate amount of phenol and flavonoid content present in it. The total phenolic content of methanolic leaf extract of Eucalyptus globulus calculated from calibration curve of gallic acid is 9.4mg/20g (mg gallic acid equivalent per g dry weight). The total flavonoid content of the methanolic leaf extract of Eucalyptus globulus is calculated from calibration curve of rutin is 14mg/20g (mg rutin equivalent per g dry weight). The reducing power assay showed the reducing ability of the leaf extract were significantly increased as the concentration increased. Extract showed anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial potential in it. Conclusion: This study concluded that methanolic extract Eucalyptus globulus possesses potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity possibly due to good quantity of flavonoid and phenolic content present in it.

[Arun Dev Sharma, Manisha Chahal, Inderjeet Kaur, Narveer Singh. Phytochemicals, In-Vitro Antioxidant, In-Vitro antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic leaf extract from Eucalyptus globulus. Life Sci J 2020;17(11):73-87]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj171120.10.

Keywords: Eucalyptus globules, flavonoids, reducing power, FT-IR, Fluorescent analysis, In-vitro antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity

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