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Monitoring Of Insecticide Resistance Against Cotton Whitefly (Bemesia Tabaci) Under Laboratory Conditions

Khawar Jawad Ahmad¹, Dilbar Hussain^1*, Kanwal Hanif¹, Qurban Ali¹, Muhammad Munir¹, Faisal Hafeez¹, Muhammad Zubair², Asad Aslam¹, Muhammad Jawad Saleem¹, Muhammad Akram³, Muhammad Kamil Malik², Imran Ali¹, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub¹

¹ Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad

² Oilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad

³ Cotton Research Institute, Multan

*: Corresponding author: roy_dilbar@yahoo.com

Abstract: Development of insecticide resistance mainly depends on the management techniques for the control of whitefly, Bemesia tabaci. Seven insecticides were tested against filed collected and laboratory reared whitefly population during the years of 2016 to 2018 to evaluate their resistance level against field population of adult whitefly using leaf dip method. Very low level of resistance was found in whitefly against Pyriproxyfen and Spirotetramat, whereas, high level of resistance was observed against other tested insecticides. Gradual resistance was observed against Diafenthiuron. It is concluded that for the management of whitefly repetition of same insecticide should be avoided. In the present studies Imidachloprid and Acetamiprid showed high level of resistance. The use of these insecticides may be reduced to overcome resistance against whitefly.

[Khawar Jawad Ahmad, Dilbar Hussain, Kanwal Hanif, Qurban Ali, Muhammad Munir, Faisal Hafeez, Muhammad Zubair, Asad Aslam, Muhammad Jawad Saleem, Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Kamil Malik, Imran Ali, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub. Monitoring Of Insecticide Resistance Against Cotton Whitefly (Bemesia Tabaci) Under Laboratory Conditions. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):1-5]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.01.

Key words: Bemesia tabaci, Insecticide resistance, Resistance Ratio, Pyriproxyfen, Spirotetramat

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Toxicological Impact Of Different Insecticides On The Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria Forsk.) (Acrididae)

Khawar Jawad Ahmad¹, Asad Aslam^1⃰⃰, Muhammad Munir¹, Qurban Ali¹, Dilbar Hussain¹, Humaira Malik¹, Faisal Hafeez¹, Imran Nadeem¹, Muhammad Jawad Saleem¹, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar¹, Muhammad Zubair², Muhammad Kamil Malik²

¹Entomological Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad

²Oilseeds Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad

mr.awan2233@gmail.com

Abstract: The desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria F has become a serious issue of the south Asia including Pakistan. The Present study was designed to evaluate the toxicity of seven insecticide; Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5EC, Malathion 57EC, Deltamethrin 2.5EC, Chlorpyrifos 40EC, Pyriproxyfen 10.8EC, Metarhizium 100g/l, Buprofezin 25WP against five days old winged adult locusts in mesh mosquito nets and on 2^nd and 5^th instars locusts hoppers in glass cages (18x18x18 ft3) having mesh on three sides with layer of sand under field and controlled conditions (28±2Cᵒ & 60 ± 5%) at Entomological Research Institute Faisalabad Pakistan. It can be inferred from the results obtained that all insecticide caused significant mortality in adult locusts and hoppers but mortality percentage increased as the time after application lapse. Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5EC is more potent (79.83% and 84.57%) against adult locusts followed by Chlorpyrifos 40EC (77.50% and 83.90 %) and Deltamethrin 2.5EC (73.37% and 81.133%) under field conditions similarly toxicity against adults under lab conditions, Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5EC performed better (81.33% & 86.00%) than Chlorpyrifos 40EC (80.67% & 85.33%). Buprofezin 25WP was found to be the least effective insecticide (41.67% & 55.70%) against locust adults under same conditions in both conditions. In case of hoppers, it was observed that Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5EC is more lethal (96.667% & 89.333%) against 2^nd and 5^th instar hoppers of desert locust than other treatments followed by Chlorpyrifos 40EC (96.333% & 87.333%). Metarhizium 100g/l was least lethal (40.000 % & 36.000%) in hoppers after same time of application. Hoppers showed more response toward insecticides as compared to adult locusts. In case of lab conditions first four treatments Lambda cyhalothrin 2.5EC, Malathion 57EC, Deltamethrin 2.5EC and Chlorpyrifos 40EC caused 100 percent mortality in 2^nd and 5^th instar hopper followed by toxicity produced by Pyriproxyfen (87.237%). Buprofezin 25WP have very low residues in locust body and totally degrade after 3 days and chlorpyriphos was found most persistent and highest residues till day 10 after application while no residues were detected in Deltamethrin 2.5EC and Metarhizium 100g/l.

[Khawar Jawad Ahmad, Asad Aslam, Muhammad Munir, Qurban Ali, Dilbar Hussain, Humaira Malik, Faisal Hafeez, Imran Nadeem, Muhammad Jawad Saleem, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Kamil Malik. Toxicological Impact Of Different Insecticides On The Desert Locust (Schistocerca Gregaria Forsk.) (Acrididae). Life Sci J 2020;17(8):6-11]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.02.

Keywords: Bioassay, Desert Locust, Hoppers, Residues of Insecticides, Toxicity

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Carbofuran 3G: A promising granular insecticide for the management of Top borer (Scirpophaga nivella), Early shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) and Root borer (Emmalocera depressella) in Sugarcane.

Muhammad Munir^a, Khawar Jawad Ahmad^a, Tamsila Nazir^a*, Aqsa Abbas^a, Kanwal Hanif^a, Muhammad Zubair^b, Abdul Majid^c

^aEntomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.

^bOilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad.

^cDepartment of Plant Pathology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan

tamsilanazir@yahoo.com

Abstract: Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is an industrial cash crop of Pakistan. A monocot crop assailed by the numbers of insect pests, which adversely affected its yield. Borers are key insects pests attacking at all the growth stages of the sugarcan from germination to harvesting. Insecticides are used for the management of borers to avoid the incurred losses. Five treatments of Carbofuran 3G were applied at different growth stages of the crop. 80% reduction in dead hearts was found in treatment when 3.56 a.i kg/ha Carbofuran 3G were applied at four different times on the sugarcane crop. Maximum dead hearts percentage was recorded in untreated plants. The maximum internode damage was caused by Chilo infuscatellus in untreated plots. Scirpophaga nivella showed similar results like C. infuscatellus on different doses of Carbofuran. Emmalocera depressella showed significant internode infestation in the control. In case of root borer, Carbofuran 3G treated blocks have lesser internode damage percentage (1.09-1.91%) but no significance was observed between the treatments. Sugarcane yield was significantly affected by the infestation of the borers. Cane yield was significantly increased in comparison with the control. An increase of 41.95 tons/ ha in cane yield was recorded. It is concluded that among all the treatments, 3.56 a.i kg/ha Carbofuran at four different times) was best treatment for the management of borers of sugarcane.

[Muhammad Munir, Khawar Jawad Ahmad, Tamsila Nazir, Aqsa Abbas, Kanwal Hanif, Muhammad Zubair, Abdul Majid. Carbofuran 3G: A promising granular insecticide for the management of Top borer (Scirpophaga nivella), Early shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) and Root borer (Emmalocera depressella) in Sugarcane. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):12-17]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.03.

Key words: Carbofuran, Chilo infuscatellus, Scirpophaga nivella, Emmalocera depressella, Internode damage, Dead hearts.

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Cluster analysis of morphological and yield attributing trait of Brassica napus genotypes

Hira Tariq^1*, Farooq Ahmad Khan², Hina Firdous³, Zabih Ullah¹, Rana Arsalan Javaid¹, Samman Gul Vaseer¹, Misbah Zulfiqar⁴

¹Crop Science Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan

²Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.

³Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.

⁴Oilseed Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

*Corresponding author: hirasheikh968@gmail.com

Abstract: Significant variations were noted in 15 Brassica napus. genotypes in respect of morphological and chemical characters. The analysis of variance showed significant differences for plant height, primary branches, secondary branches, number of seeds in a silique, seed yield of a plant, 1000 seed weight, oil contents, protein contents, oleic acid contents, linolenic acid and erucic acid contents. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into five clusters. Cluster 1, 4 and 5 were most diverse while clusters 2 and 3 were least diverse. Cluster centroids showed that silique per plant had maximum and positive value followed by plant height. So, these traits showed high level of diversity and these traits could be used for selection criteria in these genotypes.

[Tariq H, Khan FA, Firdous H, Ullah Z, Javaid RA, Vaseer SG, Zulfiqar M. Cluster analysis of morphological and yield attributing trait of Brassica napus genotypes. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):18-21]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.04.

Keywords: Brassica napus, cluster analysis, oilseed

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Correlation and path analysis of Brassica napus genotypes for yield related traits

Hira Tariq^*, Sikander Khan Tanveer, Maqsood Qamar, Rana Arsalan Javaid, Samman Gul Vaseer, Hafiz Muhammad Jhanzab, Muhammad Jalal Hassan, Humaira Iqbal

Crop Science Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan

*Corresponding author: hirasheikh968@gmail.com

Abstract: The present study was conducted in the research area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Fifteen accessions of Brassica napus DGL, Cyclone, Punjab Sarsoon, Zn-R-1, Shiralee, Zn-M-5, Zn-M-6, Zn-M-9, Chakwal Sarsoon, Napus-2, Zn-21, AH-Rooh, Zn-R-8, Dunkled and Rainbow were collected from the Oilseed Research Programmed of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The seeds of the germplasm were sown in field by maintaining row to row and plant to plant distance 75 and 25 cm, respectively. Data of randomly selected 10 plants of each replication was recorded. The analysis of variance was performed that showed that all accessions were significantly differ from each other for all the yield parameters (both quantitative and qualitative parameters). The traits included plant height, primary branches, secondary branches, number of seeds in a silique, seed yield of a plant, 1000 seed weight, oil contents, protein contents, oleic acid contents, linolenic acid and erucic acid contents. Correlation and Path analysis were performed. Some characters showed positive correlation and some characters showed negative correlation. The results reflected that correlation coefficient yield was positively and significantly correlated with seeds in a silique and protein contents. Whereas yield was negatively correlated with weight of 1000 seeds, oleic acid contents, linolenic acid and erucic acid contents. On the other hand, path analysis revealed the direct and indirect effects between yield and yield parameters. Plant height, primary and secondary branches, silique of a plant, seeds of a silique, oil contents and protein contents had direct and positive effects on yield while weight of 1000 seeds, oleic acid, linolenic acid and erucic acid proportion exhibited direct and negative effects on yield of seeds.

[Tariq H, Tanveer SK, Qamar M, Javaid RA, Vaseer SG, Jhanzab HM, Hassan MJ, Iqbal H. Correlation and path analysis of Brassica napus genotypes for yield related traits. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):22-34]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.05.

Keywords: Brassica napus, yield, oilseed

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Emotion Based Facial Expression Detection Using Machine Learning

Tanveer Aslam^*, Salman Qadri^*, Muhammad Shehzad^*, Syed Furqan Qadri^***, Abdul Razzaq^****, Syed Shah Muhammad^**, Sarfraz Ahmad^**, Syed Ali Nawaz^*, Nazir Ahmad^*.

^* Department of Computer Science & IT, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63500, Pakistan

^** Department of Computer Science, Virtual University of Pakistan Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan

^***Computer Vision institute, College of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China

^****Department of Computer Science, MNS_UAM Multan, Punjab 60000, Pakistan

Authors E-Mail: tanveerchuhan786@gmail.com, salmanbzu@gmail.com

Abstract: Humans have the capability to deliver many emotions during a conversation. Facial expressions show information about emotions. The major issue is to understand the facial expression during communication. Every face is an index of the mind. The objective of this study is to design a framework which has the ability to recognize human facial expression. Permanent and temporary facial expressions appear during conversation and detect using different face detection techniques. In this study, an emotion-based face identification system has been proposed by employing different machine learning approaches. Taiwanese Facial Expression Image Database (TFEID) has been used for three types of facial expression such as Angry, Happy and Sad. Each facial expression (Angry, Happy and Sad) contains 40 images and calculate total 120 (40 x 3) images dataset. For image pre-processing, Median filter has been employed on this dataset and converted color images to gray scale. Six non-overlapping regions of interest (ROIs) have been taken on every image and calculate 720 (120 x 6) ROIs on the overall dataset. Texture (T), Histogram (H) and Binary (B) features have been calculated on these three categories and extracted 43 features on each (ROIs) and calculated total 30960 (720 x 43) features vector pace on the deployed dataset. The Best First Search (BFS) algorithm has been implemented for feature optimization. The optimized dataset has been deployed to different machine learning classifiers namely Meta Random Sub Space, Meta Random Committee, Meta Bagging, Random Forest Tree, J48 Tree, and LMT Tree. Tree Random Forest has shown the best overall accuracy results among the deployed classifiers. The overall accuracy result of 95.277% has been observed by Tree Random Forest.

[Tanveer Aslam, Salman Qadri, Muhammad Shehzad, Syed Furqan Qadri, Abdul Razzaq, Syed Shah Muhammad, Sarfraz Ahmad, Syed Ali Nawaz and Nazir Ahmad. Emotion Based Facial Expression Detection Using Machine Learning. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):35-43]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.06.

Key Words: Texture, Histogram and Binary Features.

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Machine Vision Based Identification of Eye Cataract Stages Using Texture Features

Muhammad Shehzad^*, Salman Qadri^*, Tanveer Aslam^*, Syed Furqan Qadri^**, Abdul Razzaq^***, Syed Shah Muhammad****, Syed Ali Nawaz^*, Nazir Ahmad^*

^* Department of Computer Science & IT, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63500, Pakistan

^**Computer Vision institute, School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China

^*** Department of Computer Science, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Punjab 66000, Pakistan

^****Department of Computer Science, Virtual University Lahore, Pakistan

Corresponding Email: shehzad.rocky@gmail.com

Abstract: Blindness has many reasons, cataract is one of them. A cataract is formed due to opacity or cloudiness or dullness of the human eye lens. Human vision is decreased gradually as the impurities gathered in front of the human eye lens. Traditional eye cataract examination requires expensive instruments. A novel framework of texture features based analysis designed to correctly identify the presence of cataract in the human eye. The eye image dataset of two categories namely normal and cataract have been taken from a high-resolution digital camera. It has been observed that each digital image of a dataset contains 220 texture features, although 30 enhanced features for each image has been acquired by joining three feature selection approaches, namely Probability of error (POE) with Average Correlation Coefficient (ACC), Fisher (F) and Mutual Information (MI). These 30 enhanced features dataset has been deployed using Artificial Neural Networks. ANN (n-class) deployed and acquired an accuracy of 99.38%.

[Muhammad Shehzad, Salman Qadri, Tanveer Aslam, Syed Furqan Qadri, Abdul Razzaq, Syed Shah Muhammad, Syed Ali Nawaz, Nazir Ahmad. Machine Vision Based Identification of Eye Cataract Stages Using Texture Features. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):44-50]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.07.

Keywords: Cataract, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Optimized features.

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Prevalence Of Human Scabies At Tulamba, Abdul Hakim (Pakistan)

Kiran Shabana* and Zahida Tassawar

Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan

^* Corresponding Author’s Email: aibaksherdil@gmail.com

Abstract: The present study was carried out to determine the overall prevalence of human scabies in patients visiting a private laboratory, located at Tulamba (a remote area), Abdul Hakim (Punjab, Pakistan). A total of 5,008 patients were examined, out of which 516 (10.30%) patients were found infected with human scabies. Prevalence of scabies was highest (28.5%) in children (1 month- 10 years) and lowest (2.23%) in patients (51-60 years). The difference was found statistically non-significant (p>0.05) with respect to age of human population. Moreover, relationship between overall prevalence of human scabies in patients and age of patients was also carried out.

[Shabana K and Tassawar A. Prevalence of human scabies at tulamba, Abdul Hakim (Pakistan). Life Sci J 2020;17(8):51-54]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.08.

Keywords: Sarcoptes scabiei, Scabies, Prevalence, Age, patient, relationship

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[Life Sci J 2020;17(8):55-64]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9.

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Accumulation of heavy metals in plants at roadside in Taymma (Saudi Arabia) and its relation to traffic intensity

Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani

Department of Biology, University College of Taymma, University of Tabuk Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia

e-mail: salghtani@ut.edu.sa, salghtani008@gmail.com; phone: +96-654-545-7641

Abstract: Traffic-related pollution with heavy metals in of great importance as it is transferred through food chain and affect human health. In this study, the concentrations of seven heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) in plant materials located on the roadside of six roads in Taymma (Saudi Arabia) was investigated. The studied metals showed considerable variation among the investigated roads. Only concentrations of Co (F=5.233, P=0.009), Cu (F=5.475, P=0.007), Fe (F=3.981, P=0.023), Mn (F=45.395, P<0.01) and Pb (F=5.844, P=0.006) in the roadside plants were significantly different among the studied roads. It was assumed that due to other factors such as road age. Interestingly, there was no direct relationships between the concentrations of heavy metals and the traffic intensity (average number of vehicles/day) (R2=0.154, Adj-R2=0.597, F-value=0.205 and P=0.982). The adaptability, physiological and morphological characteristics of the plant are controlling the uptake levels of heavy metals by the plant. There were negative relationships between Cd-Cu (r=-0.522, Co-Zn (r=-0.423) and Cu-Fe (r=-0.538). Meanwhile, positive relationships were detected between Mn and Pb (r=0.434). Proper bioremediation programs should be launched to reduce the adverse effects of these pollutants.

[Al-Qahtani S.M. Accumulation of heavy metals in plants at roadside in Taymma (Saudi Arabia) and its relation to traffic intensity. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):65-70]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.10.

Keywords: Roadside plants; heavy metals; traffic intensity; Saudi Arabia; Taymma

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[Life Sci J 2020;17(8):71-77]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11.

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Antibiotics Resistant Profile Of Microrganims Isolated From Different Water Body Samples In Ibadan Metropolis

Umezurike ET, Adesina FC, Ayelabola OA, Olukorede MA,

Department of Microbiology, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract: Water is essential to life so an adequate, safe and accessible supply must be available to all. Episodes of patients with contaminated water related infections not responding to treatments with antibiotics known to be effective against the infective agents have been reported. In Ibadan, a major problem is inaccessibility to potable water by most inhabitants. This study took sample of water from water bodies and assessed their microbial profile as well as antibiotics susceptibility and resistance patterns. Water samples from sources at various locations in Ibadan metropolis were evaluated to determine the microbial load and distribution in the samples, as well as antibiotic resistance profile of isolates. Total Faecal Coliform Count (TFCC) ranged from log mean of 49±0.03 cfu/ml to 82±0.03 cfu/ml. Biochemical analyses on isolates obtained showed the presence of Klebsiella spp., Aeromonas hydrophilia, Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Chromobacterium spp., and Bacillus lichenformis. Antibiotic sensitivity using disc tests were carried out with antibiotics which included; Amoxicilin, Cotrixomazole, Nitrofuratoin, Gentamicin, Nalidixic Acid, Ofloxacin, Augmentin, Tetracycline. Pseudomonas spp, Chromobacterium spp Aeromonas hydrophilia and Salmonella spp were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin while Enterobacter spp, and Aeromonas hydrophilia were sensitive to Nalidixic acid. Gentamycin was effective against 5 out of the 8 bacteria isolates within this study and those isolates included; Enterobacter spp, Aeromonas hydrophilia Bacillus licheniformis, Acinetobacteri spp, Chromobaterium spp and Salmonella spp. Ofloxacin was also seen to be effective against some the isolates such as Enterobacter spp, Acinetobacteria spp, Chromobaterium spp and Salmonella spp. Of serious concern is a Klebsiella spp which is resistant to all the antibiotics tested. Results revealed water bodies in Ibadan to posses very high content of microbial pathogens. Results from the antibiotics and sensitivity tests were quite disturbing as most of the isolates showed multiple and extended drug resistance to the antibiotics of interest. Researchers note with dismay that some of these water bodies serve as water sources for residents within Ibadan metropolis and thus may serve as reservoirs for spread of resistant microorganisms which could be pathogenic.

[Umezurike ET, Adesina FC, Ayelabola OA, Olukorede MA. Antibiotics Resistant Profile Of Microrganims Isolated From Different Water Body Samples In Ibadan Metropolis. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):78-83]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.12.

Keywords: Water, Antimicrobial Resistance, Ibadan, Coliform, Water bodies

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Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) in combination with different Fertilizer sources to enhance yield performance of chickpea

Nawal Zafar, Muhammad Kashif Munir, Siraj Ahmed, Muhammad Zafar

Cereals and Pulses Section, Agronomic Research Institute, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan

* nawzaf20@gmail.com

Abstract: The chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an edible legume having high protein and is one of the most important cultivated pulse crop. As compared to consumption of country, the production of chickpea is very low which can be enhanced by managing nutrients requirement of the crop. To evaluate the effect of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) along with different fertilizer sources, a field experiment was carried out at Cereals and Pulses Section, Agronomic Research Institute, Faisalabad during Rabi 2018-19. The study was conducted in Randomized complete block design (RCBD), replicated thrice and having plot size of 9 m × 3 m. Five Fertilizer treatments (T₁= Recommended NP @ 32:85 kg ha^-1, T₂= Seed treatment of PSB + Recommended NP, T₃= FYM @ 3.5 t ha^-1, T₄= Seed treatment of PSB+ FYM @ 3.5 t ha^-1 and T₅= FYM @ 3.5 t ha^-1 + Remaining P from SSP) were evaluated. Data regarding yield and yield contributing factors was recorded by using standard procedures and were analyzed statistically using Fisher’s technique of analysis of variance and treatment’s means were compared by using Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results revealed that seed inoculation of PSB with different fertilizers significantly enhanced the yield and yield components of chickpea. Seed treatment of PSB+ Recommended NP (T₂) significantly resulted in maximum plant height (53.66 cm), No. of branches per plant (4), No. of grains per pod (1.58), No. of pods per plant (36.66), 100- seed weight (18.48 g) and grain yield (1852 kg ha^-1) which is 6.62%, 8.11%, 10.49%, 15.79%, 12.48% and 15.37% respectively over treatment where only Recommended NP @ 32: 85 kg ha^-1 (T₁) was applied. Seed inoculation of PSB + FYM @ 3.5 t ha^-1 application also enhanced the yield and yield components over treatment T₃ (FYM @ 3.5 t ha^-1) and T₅ (FYM @ 3.5 t ha^-1 + Remaining P from SSP). That increase was 8.13%, 5.56%, 5.85% and 17.42% for plant height, No. of branches per plant, 100-seed weight and grain yield respectively over T₃ and 17.74%, 2.70%, 6.70%, 9.58%, 3.67% and 12.54% for plant height, No. of branches per plant, No. of grains per pod, No. of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and grain yield respectively over T₅. However, all the parameters were found significantly lower in all treatments than T₂. It was found that seed treatment of PSB along with fertilizer application at the time of sowing enhances yield and yield contributing factors of chickpea.

[Nawal Zafar, Muhammad Kashif Munir, Siraj Ahmed, Muhammad Zafar. Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) in combination with different Fertilizer sources to enhance yield performance of chickpea. Life Sci J 2020;17(8):84-88]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj170820.13.

Keywords: Chickpea; Farm yard manure; Inoculant; Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria, FYM= Farm Yard Manure, NP= Nitrogen: Phosphorus, SSP= Single Super Phosphate

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