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Comparison between Medical and Surgical Treatment of Incomplete First Trimester Abortion

Amr M. Abdulmajeed, Hossam E. Hussein, El Sayed Eldesouky and Elsayed Farag

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

amrmajeedobs@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Women with an incomplete, inevitable, or missed abortion predictable by ultrasound imaging, can be controlled, medically, surgically or expectantly. Using of medical and surgical treatments were satisfactorily effective and safe, and tolerable to women. Patients treated with medication and still complaining from extreme bleeding are advised to admitted to the emergency department. Aim of the work: To evaluate medical and surgical methods for controlling of incomplete abortion at first trimester. Patients and Methods: The investigation is a prospective comparative study was conducted in Al-Azhar University Hospitals clinic between June 2018 and June 2019. Three hundred patient were diagnosed as the first-trimester incomplete miscarriage and randomly divided into three groups each group included one hundred patients. Group I (surgical management): they underwent Evacuation & Curettage (E & C). Group II (medical management) (Misoprostol group): they received oral Misoprostol of 200 mcg on six hourly intervals for a maximum of forty eight hours duration. Group III (expectant management): just for observation and no treatment. All patients were followed up after 1 week with a transvaginal ultrasonography. Results: In this study, Success rate was 96%, 90%, 80% in groups I, II and III, respectively, failed treatment was in 4 patients in surgical group and need re-evacuation, in 10 patients in Misoprostol group and in 20 patients in expectant group and need surgical management. The difference in failure rate between the studied groups was statistically significant. As regards complications There were statistically a high significant difference between the three studied groups regarding excessive bleeding (1%, 6% and 15% in groups I, II and III, respectively). Regarding re-evacuation a significant difference (4%, 10% and 20% in groups I, II and III, respectively) was recorded, also, a non-significant differences regarding perforation (only 1 patient in group I) and foul smelling and vaginal discharge (only 1 patient in group III). As regards patient satisfaction, Satisfaction was 85%, 95% and 80% in groups I, II and III, respectively, a statistically there were a significant variation between the three studied groups regarding patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Misoprostol is found to be as effective as surgical treatment in the treatment of incomplete miscarriage, at a single dose of 200 mcg, with complete evacuation of uterus in most women, and the side effects can be tolerated by all patients. Patients who didn’t want to stay in the hospitals are highly pleased with the misoprostol therapy. The volume of bleeding was more or less comparable to the menstrual bleeding which didn't impact the daily tasks of the women. The medical therapy is an efficient tool like a surgical interference and the patient satisfaction is more higher than the surgical evacuation.

[Amr M. Abdulmajeed, Hossam E. Hussein, El Sayed Eldesouky and Elsayed Farag. Comparison between Medical and Surgical Treatment of Incomplete First Trimester Abortion. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):1-10]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.01.

Keywords: Incomplete first trimester abortion, miscarriage and misoprostol therapy

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Shear behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete T-beams

Hesham A. Amna¹, Wael M. Monstaser²

^1- Research Assistant, Structural Engineering Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

^2-Assistant Professor, Construction and Building Dept., October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.

wmontaser.eng@o6u.edu.eg

Abstract: An experimental and numerical study was carried out to investigate the validity of using lightweight concrete beams. This study investigated the shear behaviour of lightweight concrete. In this respect, six lightweight concrete beams were tested in two-point bending to study the effect of flange width and shear span to depth ratio. The tests included five beam specimens with a flange and one control beam specimen without a flange. All beams were 120 mm wide and 300 mm tall and had a total length of 2400 mm that was simply supported with a 2000 mm clear span. The beams represented two groups: G1 and G2. The first group consisted of 4 beams, one rectangular section with a cross section of 120 mm x 300 mm and three beams with a T-shaped cross section and flange thickness of 50 mm with varied flange widths of 320 mm, 520 mm and 720 mm. The second group consisted of 2 beams with a flange thickness of 50 mm and a flange width of 520 mm. The details of the specimen material properties, instrumentation, test apparatuses, and testing procedures are presented in this paper. The effect of the studied variables is presented and discussed.

[Hesham A. Amna, Wael M. Monstase. Shear behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete T-beams. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):11-27]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.02.

Keywords: Concrete, Beam, Foamed concrete, Lightweight, Shear behaviour, Flange width

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Technological and sensory characteristics of biscuits fortified with garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds

Garsa Ali Alshehry

Food Science and Nutrition Department, College Science, Taif University, KSA

E-mail: garsa_2006@hotmail.com

Abstract: In the present study, a biscuit was developed using garden cress seed. Chemical composition reported the protein, lipid, crude fiber, and ash content were increased gradually in the blends fortified with 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10% garden cress from 11.12, 1.52, 0.67 and 0.64% to 12.38, 2.70, 1.35 and 1.30%, respectively, and total carbohydrates were gradually decreased from 86.05 to 82.27%. Sensory evaluation and physical characteristics gives the best biscuits acceptability fortification with garden cress until 7.5%. Minerals content the results reported that when increasing fortification of garden cress during preparation biscuits the minerals contents were increased gradually may be due to the garden cress had contained rich amounts from minerals content. The results observed that the biscuits at different levels were increased in total phenolic and flavonoids compounds moreover, the antioxidant activity was the highest amounts in biscuits fortified with 10% garden cress was 5002.0 μmol Fe (II)/100 g these results confirmed that the garden cress had contained rich amounts from natural antioxidant activity. The color analysis of different biscuits showed that lightness (L*) and yellow color (b*) values decreased gradually when garden cress was increased in biscuits meanwhile, (a*) value redness color was gradually increased. This means when the best addition was 7.5% from garden cress gave the best color. The obviously results recommended that the biscuits fortified utilizing garden cress powder could help to become better the biscuits until 7.5% addition Also, biscuits product are the most acceptability for panelists may be due to their easy availability, the best taste, safety, and high nutrition value.

[Garsa Ali Alshehry. Technological and sensory characteristics of biscuits fortified with garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):28-35]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.03.

Keywords: Technological; sensory; characteristics; biscuits; fortified; garden; cress; Lepidium sativum; seed

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Correlation of serum markers and ultrasound markers in the prediction of threatened miscarriage outcome

Mohammed El-Husseny Radwan

Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

hussenyradwan@gmail.com

Abstract: Objective: The aim of the present investigation is to explore the linkage between sonographic findings, progesterone level and serum CA-125 in women presenting with symptoms of threatened pregnancy loss and first trimester pregnancy outcome. Methods: The study was conducted on 120 pregnant females through a prospective study. The data was obtained from pregnant females attending to antenatal obstetric outpatient clinic in Zagazig University Hospital through a designed questionnaire. Results: No significant difference was recorded between groups in maternal age, BMI, gestational age, residence and Parity. Actual miscarriage significantly high in threatened miscarriage group as it had a percent of 35% among cases and 15% among controls who all were presented with threatened abortion. Cases were significantly higher regard CA 125 with a level of 35.06 IU/ml (±19.76) among cases and 15.05IU/ml (±9.85) among controls and significantly lower regard progesterone level as it was 8.02ng/ml (±4.69) among cases and 14.91 ng/ml (±7.36) among controls. There was no significant difference among groups in CRL and GSD but YSD was significant higher among cases. CA 125 significantly higher in actual miscarriage with a level 47.9IU/ml (±31.52) between those who had actual miscarriage before 13 weeks and 17.4IU/ml (±10.67) between those who continued pregnancy after 13 weeks while progesterone showed level 11.1ng/ml (±10.38) between those who aborted before 13 weeks and a level of 11.6ng/ml (±6.19) between those who continued. GSD and YSD significantly higher in actual miscarriage as the mean was 51.4mm (±18.56) and 6.73mm (±0.6) respectively for those who aborted and 38.52mm and 6.11mm respectively for those who continued pregnancy. Conclusion: The use of the transvaginal sonography biomarkers (maternal serum CA-125 and progesterone level) in the first trimester of pregnancy is an early and rapid non-surgical method that can be considered as a good indicator of pregnancy outcomes in cases of threatened abortion.

[Mohammed El-Husseny Radwa. Correlation of serum markers and ultrasound markers in the prediction of threatened miscarriage outcome. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):36-42]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.04.

Keywords: Miscarriage, progesterone, CA-125, GSD, CRL, YSD.

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Bipolar Plasma Vaporization Versus Transurethral Resection of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Tumors (Intervention Study)

Shorbagy A. A., A. Radwan, Farouk A., Mousa W. and Mohamed A. Gamal

Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

dr.mohgamal@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy, about 75% of all bladder tumors are considered as non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is considered the first and gold standard treatment option for patients with NMIBC. During the recent years, the bipolar vaporization technique provides significant improvement in hemostasisand obturator nerve stimulation with excellent safety profile. Objectives: To assess the bipolar plasma vaporization of bladder tumors (BPV-BT) as regarding effectiveness and safety profile and to compare it with the standard technique of the monopolar transurethral resection (TURBT) for management of patients with (NIMBC). Patients and Methods: 50 cases that fit the inclusion criteria that will be admitted in the period between August 2012 and August 2014 will be enrolled in the study [An intervention study (Randomized controlled clinical trial)]. Patients will be equally divided into 2 groups, Group A will undergo TURBT and group B will undergo BPV-BT. Results were compared as regarding intraoperative bleeding, obturator n. reflex, perforation, change in sodium and hemoglobin, catheter time, hospital stay as well as tumor recurrence and progression. Results: Comparing, BPV-BT approach improved results as regarding the mean hemoglobin decrease (0.10 g/dl) and the mean catheterization period (1.5 days), mean hospital stay (1.24 days), mean change in sodium (1.12 meq/dl), except for our mean operative time in the BPV-BT group which was 46.4 min. No cases required blood transfusion, no obturator n. reflex, perforation in the BPV-BT group while as regards tumor recurrence was numerically less in the BPV-BT than the TURBT group (8 to 15 recurrences respectively) but still statistically not significant. Conclusion: BVP seems to be a good and promising endoscopic alternative for management of patients with NMIBC, with higher efficacy and decreased morbidity especially in patients with large bladder tumors, also it gives the advantage of good visualization during surgery with minimal bleeding, but still requires more extensive trials with longer follow-up intervals.

[Shorbagy A. A., A. Radwan, Farouk A., Mousa W. and Mohamed A. Gamal. Bipolar Plasma Vaporization Versus Transurethral Resection of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Tumors. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):43-46]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.05.

Keywords: TURBT, BPV-BT, NMIBC, BVP

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[Life Sci J 2019;16(8):47-55]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6.

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Life Sci J 2019;16(8):56-63]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7.

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α-Amylase Production Using Aspergilus vadensis Isolated From Pulverized Cocoa Seeds

Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon ^1,2, Victoria Anatolyivna Tsygankova ³, Olubunmi Sharon Obayemi ⁴

¹ School of Health Information Management, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

² Community Health Officers’ Training Programme, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

³ Department for Chemistry of Bioactive Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1, Murmanskaya Str., 02660, Kyiv, Ukraine

⁴ Department of Public Health and Community Health Promotion, Liberty University, Lynchburg, Virginia, United States of America

ao_adejuwon@yahoo.ca

Abstract: Background: α-Amylases are well known for their applications ranging from food and paper industries to pharmaceutical industries. Materials and Methods: Aspergillus vadensis isolated from pulverised cocoa seed was employed in the submerged fermentation of plantain peel. The pH and temperature of the extract were measured at two days (48 hrs) interval using pH meter and sugar concentration was also determined using Fehling test. Protein content and α-amylase activity of the crude extract was determined. Results: The pH of the crude extract decreased from 4.78 on the first day to 2.51 on day eight (192 hrs) while the temperature of the extract fluctuated between 27 ^o C and 28 ^o C. The sugar concentration in the extract increased from 3.36 mg/ml after 48 hrs to 26 mg/ml after 144 hrs and declined to 8.02 mg/ml after 192 hrs. The α-amylase activity also reached its peak (68.86 U/mg protein) on the 6^th day (144 hrs) but declined to 50 U/mg protein on the 8^th day (192 hrs). Conclusion: It can be concluded that plantain peel can be employed as a cheap and readily available substrate in the production of α-amylase that is used for various biotechnologically-based industrial applications thereby, adding value to plantain and also decreasing the amount of this agro industrial waste in the environment.

[Adejuwon AO, Tsygankova VA, Obayemi OS. α-Amylase Production Using Aspergilus vadensis Isolated From Pulverized Cocoa Seeds. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):64-70]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.08.

Keywords: plantain peel; α-amylase; Aspergillus vadensis

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Life Sci J 2019;16(8):71-77]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9.

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The transformation of the vascular flora of limestone monadnocks by rock climbing

Anna Bomanowska¹, Agnieszka Rewicz¹, Anna Kryscinska²

¹Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland

²Smugowa 33/8, 95-200 Pabianice, Poland

knopikaa@biol.uni.lodz.pl

Abstract: The study examines the impact of rock climbing on the richness and diversity of vascular plants in one of the most popular climbing areas in Poland, named the Mirow Rocks. The study assesses the ecological effects of climbing by comparing how the vascular flora differs on climbing routes with respect to level of climbing difficulty, occurrence of protection points, intensity of climbing as well as rock surface smoothing. The results indicate that it is necessary to control tourism and rock climbing in order to reduce their negative impact on species diversity in the vascular flora on rock surfaces. Preservation of the monadnock habitat may be the most important short term management goal.

[Bomanowska A, Rewicz A, Kryscinska A. The transformation of the vascular flora of limestone monadnocks by rock climbing. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):78-87]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.10.

Keywords: Disturbance; floristic diversity; limestone rocks; karst landscape; recreation; Poland

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Strengthening of subgrade layer underneath loaded strip footing using reticulated root piles in sand

M.N. EL Siragy

Assis. Prof. of Soil Mechanics & Foundation, Structural Eng. Dept. 6 October University, Egypt

Email: siragy2000@yahoo.com

Abstract: The major aim of this research is to investigate the ability of using root piles as a vertical reinforcement to increase the bearing capacity of the subgrade layer under loaded shallow strip footing. The present investigation aims to study the possibility of strengthen the subgrade layer under the existing foundation by using reticulated root piles (micro piles) along each side of loaded footing. A series of loading tests on the model footing on reinforced subgrade by rough piles were conducted. The effect of the spacing and location of the reinforcement in addition, pile diameters on the both bearing capacity behavior and settlement are investigated. The experimental results were compared to the work of previous investigators. The results indicate that the bearing capacity of strip footings on vertically reinforced subgrade by piles can be significantly increased by as much as 183% of its initial value in case of (L/D =16, XlB =0.25 and S/B =0.25). More over, the existence of the root piles were modified the bearing capacity failure and controlled the settlement under the existed loaded footing for general shear failure to punching shear failure.

[M.N. EL Siragy. Strengthening of subgrade layer underneath loaded strip footing using reticulated root piles in sand. Life Sci J 2019;16(8):88-97]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj160819.11.

Key words: Bearing capacity, strengthening, reticulated root piles, vertical reinforcement, and settlement

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