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Distribution of Plant Parasitic Nematode Community in Contaminated Egyptian Fields, a Case Study and Preliminary Heat Management.

El-Ashry, R. M.; and Abd El-Aal, E. M.

Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt

mrmaa2010@yahoo.com

Abstract: Water sources is an important source for spreading the plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) particularly irrigation water. The objective of current study is to assess the contamination of irrigation water with PPN by conducted a survey on occurrence of nematodes, their survival and infection potential under laboratory conditions. Two survival tests of collected PPN were carried out by pipetting collected nematodes around the root system of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Super strain B. under expected (24±3°C) or unexpected greenhouse conditions (32±3°C) for two months. Statistical analysis of variance was used and least significant differences at 5% were detected. M. incognita successfully infected and reproduction on tomato plants under expected greenhouse conditions whereas, under unexpected greenhouse conditions (32±3°C) unable to infect and reproduce on tomato plants. Conclusion: water resource from three governorates is contaminated by plant nematodes and able to infect and reproduction. It is necessary to find methods used for the management contamination of water resource.

[El-Ashry, R. M.; and Abd El-Aal, E. M. Distribution of Plant Parasitic Nematode Community in Contaminated Egyptian Fields, a Case Study and Preliminary Heat Management. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):1-5]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.01.

Keywords: Plant nematodes, contamination, irrigation water, survey, reproduction, heat control.

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A Methodology to The Safe Operation of Mobile Crane in Erection of Wind Turbine

M. Kotb¹, A. Elhelloty² and M. Shaaban³

¹Prof. of Structures, Civil Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

²Prof. of Structures, Civil Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

³Ph.D. Student, Civil Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

mstafa.dagher@gmail.com.

Abstract: In the construction of wind farms, mobile crane is the main equipment used to lift and erection of wind turbine. Always, wind farms are constructed on sites of high wind speed which has a negative influence on crane stability and safe lifting of wind turbine parts. Therefore, this paper presents a methodology to optimize crane safety during erection of wind turbine considering wind speeds and total project time, the suggested methodology based on genetic algorithm technique.

[M. Kotb, A. Elhelloty and M. Shaaba. A Methodology to The Safe Operation of Mobile Crane in Erection of Wind Turbine. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):6-10]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.02.

Keywords: Mobile Crane, Crane Safety, Wind Turbine, Wind Speed, Ereection

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Smart Community Challenges: Enabling IoT/M2M Technology Case Study

Norah Farooqi¹, Adnan Gutub², Mohamed Osama Khozium³

¹Assist. Prof., College of Computer and Information Systems, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

nsfarooqi@uqu.edu.sa

²Prof., Computer Engineering Department; Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

aagutub@uqu.edu.sa

³Prof., Department of Engineering & Applied Science; Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

mokhozium@uqu.edu.sa

Abstract: With the great innovations and the fast improvements in technology, people tend to leave the countryside and started occupying the cities, and therefore, the population in cities dramatically increased to the extent that it’s predicted by 2050, the urbans population will reach 70% of the world population for the first time in the history of mankind, knowing that cities use around 75% of the resources of the world and its energy. This leads to the fear from deficiency in the earth resources. The problem is of great concern, and researchers try to propose many ideas to overcome this dilemma. The idea of Smart cities has been one of the most efficient solutions because of what it has from advantages that could help in overcoming the hurdles of overpopulation and lack of resources. And for constructing a smart city, a great amount of data and information is needed which can be gathered from different resources such as: people, sensors, buildings, TV, transportations, Wi-Fi, etc. These resources have to be secured, available and accurate. And since the smart community is the intermediate gear between smart city and smart homes, where the features of the smart homes will be carried to the smart cities and vice versa, therefore in this paper we show smart community concept and proposed it’s ideal components, how to harness the IoT and ICT for global development, showing the different challenges which arise that are related to ICT and IoT at the level of techniques and policy.

[Norah Farooqi, Adnan Gutub, Mohamed Osama Khoziu. Smart Community Challenges: Enabling IoT/M2M Technology Case Study. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):11-17]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.03.

Keywords: IoT, ICT, M2M Communication, Smart Homes, Smart Cities

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An Evaluation for a PV-RO system compared to MSF System in the Area of North East of Libya – Derna Case Study

A. H.Gadir¹ and H. Safwat²

¹Abdalla H. Wanis Gadir, Postgraduate Researcher, Faculty of Engineering, British University in Egypt, Cairo

²Hesham M. Safwat, PhD, Lecturer Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, British University in Egypt, Cairo

A.h.w.gadir@gmail.com, Hesham.safwat@bue.edu.eg

Abstract: Libya is characterized by its water scarcity as there is no river; rain water or ground water which is considered the basic source for potable water. The increase in population imposes urgent need for desalination water plants, especially for far zones from the Great man made river project (GMMR). The selected zones include cities that are partially supplied through the (GMMR) and other that are not supplied by the GMMR such as Derna city; thus the study is applied on the selected cities. This thesis aims to compare between thermal Multi-stage flash (MSF) plants and Reverse Osmosis (RO) plants partially supplied by photovoltaic solar energy. The study compare the cost of cubic meter of desalinated water for both MSF desalination plants and RO desalination plants partially supplied by PV system. The cost of RO plant is estimated with and without adding Energy Recovery Device (ERD). The study included forecasting of population in the studied zones and water demand for the year 2030 in order to make the appropriate design that cope with the future needs in this city. The study concluded that RO desalination plant partially supplied by PV system with ERD has lower cost than both MSF desalination plant and RO desalination plant partially supplied by PV system.

[A. H. Gadir and H. Safwa. An Evaluation for a PV-RO system compared to MSF System in the Area of North East of Libya – Derna Case Study. Life Sci J 2019; 16(7):18-27]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) /ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.04.

Key words: MSF plants, RO Plants, PV System, ERD, desalination, GMMR

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Modified formulation for tension stiffening effect ondeflection of reinforced concrete rectangular beams

A.T. Kassem¹ and A.M. EL-Nady²

¹Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,  Beni-Suef University, Egypt

²Associate Professor, Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Cairo University, Egypt

Abdelraouf_kassem@yahoo.com

Abstract: Deformations of reinforced concrete members are considered major design criteria. Design codes used to determine upper limits for deformations in the serviceability state, to ensure deformations are not noticeable Deflection of reinforced concrete beams is the most studied pattern of deformations in literature. Up till now evaluation of effective reinforced concrete beams inertia is still non-settled point. Design codes use various empirical forms for evaluating effective inertia. These different forms result in different deflection values. This research presents a modification for one of the most relevant formulae proposed for calculating the effective moment of inertia, which is an important parameter in calculating deflection of   reinforced concrete beams. The research has adopted both experimental and analytical approaches to deal with the problem. An experimental program, composed of ten rectangular beams, tested in four points bend configuration has been accomplished. Beams of different stiffness, characteristic strength, yield stress, and reinforcement ratios have been tested. An analytical approach has also been presented through mathematical derivation of a formula for evaluating effects of tension stiffening on beam's moment of inertia. Results of the experimental program have been used to evaluate tension stiffening coefficient in the analytical approach. The generated formula has shown accepted correlation with experimental results. Moreover, influences of various structural parameters on tension stiffening have been studied via the experimental program.

[A.T. Kassem. and A.M. EL-Nady. Modified formulation for tension stiffening effect on deflection of reinforced concrete rectangular beams. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):18-27]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.05.

Key words: Reinforced concrete, beams, deflection, gross section inertia, cracked section inertia, effective moment of inertia, tension stiffening, reinforcement ratio, balanced reinforcement ratio

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Efficacy and safety of Metformin in Control of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Mohammed Galal Nasr

Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New-Damietta.

mohammed.30028@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background and objective: Oral medications are attractive options for gestational diabetes mellitus control, This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of metformin in comparison to insulin for control of gestational diabetes mellitus. Patients and Methods: This was a comparative prospective randomized controlled trial conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al-Azhar University hospital, (New Damietta) during the period from January 2017 to January 2019 and included 106 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus using 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and divided randomly into two groups which are subjected to either insulin or metformin treatment, and the results of maternal and neonatal outcome between both groups were compared and statistically analyzed. Results: A Total of 106 pregnant women were included in the study,56 of them received metformin drug and the rest 50, received insulin, Glycemic control was statistically significant between the two groups after one week of treatment with higher mean fasting and post prandial among insulin group (92.42±4.933,129.82±7.889) versus (86.88±5.021,117.30±8.848) respectively (P value˂0.05)., Cesarean delivery was higher in insulin group (81.5% versus57,7%), also mean birth weight was more in insulin than metformin groups (3.52±0.14) versus (2.99±0.12) at dose of 2000 mg with statistically significant differences (p˂0.05). Conclusion: Metformin was safe, effective and acceptable drug in controlling mild GDM with comparable maternal and neonatal outcomes to insulin therapy.

[Mohammed Galal Nasr. Efficacy and safety of Metformin in Control of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):36-41]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.06.

Keywords: gestational diabetes, insulin, metformin, glycemic control

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Cardiovascular Reactions in Response to Water Immersion in Diving and Non-Diving Humans

Saleh A. Tarabily¹ and Amira Moustafa²

¹ Department of water sports, Faculty of Physical education, El Arish, Suez Canal University, Egypt.

² Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt.

Saleh_tarabily@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was undertaken to evaluate the reaction of vascular system in response to water immersion in divers and non-divers humans. 30 healthy subjects were divided in to two groups, divers and non divers (15 subjects each). The divers were regularly trained in water, while non-divers were irregularly trained. All participants were subjected to immersion in water for 30 minutes. After the end of immersion time, heart rate, cardio vascular assessment, blood pressure (BP), bradykinin, histamine, LA, potassium, and magnesium concentrations were detected in all subjects. We revealed significant decreases in heart rate, blood pressure with significant increases in histamine, bradykinin, potassium and manganese concentrations in diving subjects when compared to non-diving. In conclusion, divers have a superior vascular system which is quickly adapted to immersion in water compared to the non-divers.

[Saleh A. Tarabilyand Amira Moustafa. Cardiovascular Reactions in Response to Water Immersion in Diving and Non-Diving Humans. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):42-45]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.07.

Keywords: Regular training, vascular system, immersion in water, divers, non-divers

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Ratios of Biochemical Markers in Peritoneal Fluid to Those of Venous Blood for Early Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy: A Prospective Study

Abd Elmoniem M. Zakaria¹, Mohamed Elsayed Hammour¹, Mekki A. Ali¹, and Ahmed Ferhad Ahmed²

¹ Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, El Azhar University, Egypt

² Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Specialist of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ` El Sahel Teaching Hospital, Egypt

drahmedferhad@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Extra-uterine pregnancy (including ectopic pregnancy and pregnancy of unknown location) is a first -trimester disorder that appears in 1.3%–2.4% of all pregnancies, and accounts for up to 6% of pregnancy -associated mortality. Ectopic pregnancy is associated with rupture, hemodynamic instability, hemorrhagic shock / hemodynamic instability, syncope, and death Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the value of the peritoneal fluid to venous blood ratio of hCG, Progesterone, CA125, and Creatine kinase for the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy and the likelihood of active bleeding. Methods: The present randomized clinical trial has been carried out at EL Sahel Teaching Hospital at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology. Peritoneal fluid (5 mol) had been collected by culdocentesis, and venous blood (5 mol) had been collected from the antecubital vein and transferred into Vacutainer. Blood levels of markers had been expressed as CA 125 v, b-chg., Pv, and CKv, and those of the peritoneal fluid as CA125p, b-chip, Pp, and CKp. The ratios of biochemical markers of blood to those of the corresponding peritoneal fluid (Rp /v) will be calculated and expressed as Rp/v-CA125, Rp/v-b-hCG, Rp/v-P, and Rp/v-CK. Results: The results pointed out that R_p/v-CA125, R_p/v-b-hCG, Rp/v-CK, and Rp/v-P are >1. CA125p, β-Chip, and CKv levels were significantly lower in the ruptured ectopic group than in the enraptured group, and β-Chg., CKp, Pv, and Pp levels were all significantly higher in the ruptured ectopic group than in the enraptured group Conclusion: the peritoneal fluid to venous blood ratio of hCG, CA125, progesterone and Creatine kinase can accurately predict a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. These findings may allow diagnosis of a ruptured ectopic pregnancy in the case of non - diagnostic ultrasound or culdocentesis results, thus allowing prompt intervention and potentially reducing morbidity and mortality.

[Abd Elmoniem M. Zakaria, Mohamed Elsayed Hammour, Mekki A. Ali, and Ahmed Ferhad Ahme. Ratios of Biochemical Markers in Peritoneal Fluid to Those of Venous Blood for Early Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy: A Prospective Study. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):46-52]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.08.

Keywords: Culdocentesis, Ectopicl Pregnancy, Biomarkers, and Clinical Trial

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The Effect of a Combined Training of Swimming and Breath Hold On Cardio - Respiratory, Blood and Biochemical Variables of Divers

Saleh A. Tarabily

¹ Department of water sports, Faculty of Physical education, El Arish, Suez Canal University, Egypt.

Saleh_tarabily@yahoo.com

Abstract: Aim of The Study: is to determine the effect of a combined training of swimming and breath-Hold on cardio respiratory, Blood variables and biochemical changes of divers. It is hypothized that the combines training (swimming and breath-hold) might affect positively cardio-respiratory, Blood and biochemical variables of divers were determined. Research Method: The experimental method (Pre-Post) measurement of one group of divers, (18) divers were chosen to participate in the study, (15) divers for the main study, Three for the pilot study. Basic characteristics, Together with blood components (HB, RBCS, HEMATOCRIT), and some biochemical variables (Nitrite, LDH, SOD, Lactate). Blood (5ml) was drawn from participants. Results indicated a significant differences of (Pre-Post) training in pulse rate, respiratory rate and vital capacity and blood (RBCS, HB, HEMATOCRIT), Together with (Nitrite, LDH, Lactate, SOD), For the favor Of Post training variables. It might be concluded that the proposed combined training program may affect positively the cardio vascular, Respiratory system together with blood and biochemical variables of divers.

[Saleh A. Tarabily. The Effect of a Combined Training of Swimming and Breath Hold On Cardio - Respiratory, Blood and Biochemical Variables of Divers. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):53-58]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.09.

Key Words: Combined Training, Divers, Swimming and Breath Hold, Biochemical Variables

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Effect of some housing criteria and seasonal variations on indoor prevalence and distribution of dust mite populations in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Samah H. Yahia, and Ashraf S. Metwally

Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

parasitologistsamah@yahoo.com

Abstract: The medical importance of dust mites as a predisposing factor for allergy in human has gained the attention of researchers over last two decades. These organisms spread in any site where dust can accumulate causing different types of allergies in a remarkable number of populations all over the world. This study was designed to investigate the effect of housing criteria and seasonal climatic changes on mite populations in dust samples isolated from different sites in rural and urban houses in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. 33 houses representing different geographical areas in Sharkia Governorate were included and investigated for the presence of domestic mites. 66 dust samples were taken from floors of bed rooms, living rooms, kitchen and animal/poultry/bird breeding sites and examined for detection of mites using floatation method. 26 (78.8%) of houses showed positive results for mites. A statistically significant relationship was recorded between residence in rural areas, presence of birds nest or poultry in home, old furniture and dusty floor of houses, damp homes and large family size and the presence of mites in dust samples. 26(50%) of mite positive samples were isolated from bed rooms. Spring and winter had the most positive influence on mite population. 52 (78.8%) of samples collected were found positive for dust mites. Mean mite count per gram dust recorded high in spring samples (13 mite/gm dust) followed by winter and autumn samples (12 and 10 mite/gm dust respectively). Summer samples recorded lowest mite number in dust (6 mite/gm dust). Density of mites in dust samples recorded non-significant relationship with site of collection and seasonal variation. The result of our study confirm that housing criteria greatly determine mite occurrence in indoor environment.

[Samah H. Yahia, and Ashraf S. Metwally. Effect of some housing criteria and seasonal variations on indoor prevalence and distribution of dust mite populations in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):59-68]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.10.

Keywords: Dust mites; Seasonal variation; Housing criteria; Sharkia governorate; Egypt

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Ecological Response to Habitat Variation for Perennial Species in Saudi Arabia

Migahid, M. M.¹ and Aljeddani, G.S.^2,*

¹Biological and Geological Sciences Department Faculty of Education Alexandria University, Egypt

²Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Correspondence Email: drghalia2012@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: It is important to investigate the relationship between plant distribution and edaphic factors in coastal plains of Saudi Arabia showing remarkable changes in response to environmental alterations. The present study aims to assess the response of some perennial species to variations in soil characteristics and changes in water status from wet winter to dry summer season. Material and Methods: The study has assessed ecological responses in 7 different habitats in the western part of Saudi Arabia at Ras Sharah on the Red Sea coast. The habitats considered in this study included; salt marsh (I), coastal dune (II), sandstone and conglomerates (III), transitional area covered with loose sand (IV), rocky plain covered with loose sand deposits (V), compact transitional area (VI), and loose sand non-saline (VII). Results: The most suitable habitat for the growth of perennial species was habitat V for Panicumturgidum Forssk, habitat VII for Cyperusconglomeratus Rottb, habitat VI for Tavernieraaegyptiaca Boiss, habitat III for Indigoferaspinosa Forssk, habitat II for Zygophyllum album L. f., and habitat I for Halopeplisperfoliata (Forssk.) Bge ex Schweinf. The main reason for stress was identified as the salinity and drought stresses resulting from soil characteristics and changing climatic conditions from wet to dry season. It was shown that Panicumturgidum possess the most exceptional tolerance capacity. Conclusion: The study has concluded that recorded perennial species tolerated the stress conditions by accumulating osmoregulation metabolites as soluble carbohydrates proline, protein, and amino acids.

[Migahid, M. M. and Aljeddani, G.S. Ecological Response to Habitat Variation for Perennial Species in Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):69-78]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.11.

Keywords: Coastal Plains, Ecological Responses, Edaphic Factors, Habitat, Perennial Species, Soil Characteristics

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Zingiber Officinale: A Miraculous Plant Working As Therapeutic Agent

Shah Murad¹, Shaheena², Badar Jahan³, Khalid Niaz⁴, Hina Aslam⁵,

¹Professor of Pharmacology, IMDC-Islamabad.

²Asso Prof of Biochem at KIMS Karachi Pakistan.

³Assoc Prof of Surgery at MSBBMC Layari Karachi Pakistan.

⁴Assistant Professor of Pharmacology, IMDC-Islamabad.

⁵Assistant Professor of Pharmacology, IMDC-Islamabad.

shahhmurad65@gmail.com, CELL: +923142243415

Abstract: Since the advent of synthetic drugs, the use of natural products has diminished. However, the diversity of natural molecules still surpasses those from synthetic compounds, and this ensures that natural products will continue to be important for drug discovery. Besides, many of the currently used synthetic drugs have side-effects and often expensive. Zinger Officinale (Ginger) is widely used miscellaneous nutrient in sub-continent, having antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperlipidemic properties. We selected its hypolipidemic and weight lost effects in primary and secondary hyperlipidemic patients. Type of Research study: It was placebo-controlled study. Area of research: Research was conducted in Jinnah hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Duration of study: It was three months, from January 2014 to June 2014. Material, Method and Results: Already well understood, clearly explained written consent was taken from sixty hyperlipidemic patients age range from 18 to 70 years. Both gender male and female patients were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided in two groups, 30 patients were on drug ginger pasted-powder advised to take 5 grams in divided doses with their normal diet for the period of three months. Thirty patients were on placebo pasted-wheat powder, with same color as of ginger powder, advised to take 5 grams in divided doses with their normal diet for the period of three months. Their base line lipid profile and body weight was recorded at start of treatment and were advised to come for check-up, fortnightly. When duration of study was over, their lipid profile and body weight was measured and compared statistically with pre-treatment values. Three months treatment with 5 grams of Ginger decreased LDL-cholesterol 17.41%, total-cholesterol 8.83% and body weight 2.11%. When compared with placebo group, all changes in mentioned parameters were significant biostatistically. Conclusion: It was concluded from results of study that active ingredients of ginger lower plasma lipids and body weight significantly, eventually preventing development of coronary artery disease in primary and secondary hyperlipidemic patients.

[Shah Murad, Shaheena, Badar Jahan, Khalid Niaz, Hina Aslam. Zingiber Officinale: A Miraculous Plant Working As Therapeutic Agent. Life Sci J 2019;16(7):79-82]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj160719.12.

Keywords: Miraculous; Plant; working; Therapeutic; agent

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