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Laboratory Performance of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Pavements

Abdalla Ibrahim Elmohr¹, Laila Salah Radwan², Mohamed El refaey³, Mohamed Zakaria⁴

¹P.HD in Highways and Airports Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alazhar University, Nasr City, Egypt

²Professor of Highways and Traffic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo City, Egypt

³Associate professor, Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Al- Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt

⁴Lecture, Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, Al- Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt

abdomohr81@yahoo.com

Abstract: Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) is a gap-graded mix developed in Germany in the 1960’s, to resist the wear and tear on pavements caused by studded tires. Later the mix was found to be more rut resistant and durable than conventional dense-graded mixtures and this encouraged other European countries also utilize this mixture. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) material is generated when the damaged pavement is milled, crushed, sometimes fractioned, and stockpiled for use as an additional component in the asphalt mixture. The main objective of this research was to predict pavement behavior in Egypt by investigating the mechanical and volumetric properties of the stone matrix asphalt mixtures after adding RAP. From the result of the volumetric and the mechanical properties of the mixtures and tensile strength ratio, The SMA mixtures containing manufacture fiber (S₁ and S₂) performed better than other mixtures and resistance moisture damage.

[Abdalla Ibrahim Elmohr, Laila Salah Radwan, Mohamed El refaey, Mohamed Zakaria. Laboratory Performance of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Pavements. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):1-9]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.01.

Keywords: Stone Matrix Asphalt, Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Drain down, manufacture fiber, Tensile strength ratio, moisture damage.

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Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) as a predictor of response to intravenous iron in hemodialysis patients: A hospital based analytical study

Ayman Fathy Abd El-Halim¹, Jehan Saeed Abdo Soliman¹ and Mohamed Gooda Abdelhamid²

¹Internal Medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt.

²Internal Medicine Department, Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital, Zagazig, Egypt.

dr..m_gooooda@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Among chronic kidney disease CKD patients, iron deficiency anemia is a common. The administration of iron is important during the treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA). Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (RET-He) is a diagnostic marker for IDA. Measuring the RET-He can predict the iron status in respond intravenous (IV) iron supplementation in CKD patients. The current study was detect the cut-off value of RET-He as the target of iron supplementation in patients with CKD. Methods: This hospital based observational and analytical study included 50 CKD patients on hemodialysis (CKD-HD) in the maintenance phase of erythropoietin therapy and not receive any iron supplementation. Blood count, RET-He, and iron were studies for all patients. For each patients, we analyzed two samples: a baseline sample and another sample after 4 weeks of IV iron administration. The patients were classified into two groups regarding the optimal correction of anemia (OCA) after IV iron thereby; (1) patients how achieved the OCA (Hb ≥13.5 g/ in dl males and ≥12 g/dl for females); (2) patents who did not achieved the OCA compared to the baseline. Operating characteristic analysis (ROC) was used to determine the cut of value for predicting the response to iron administration achieving the OCA. Results: Out of 50 included CKD-HD patients, 33 patients achieved the OCA and only 17 patents not achieved the OCA. There was a statistical significant increase in HER-He after 5 weeks of IV iron supplementation comparing to the baseline values. ROC curve analysis a RET-He cutoff level of 26.9 pg, iron deficiency could diagnosed by a sensitivity of 70.6%, and a specificity of 51.5%.

[Ayman Fathy Abd El-Halim, Jehan Saeed Abdo Soliman and Mohamed Gooda Abdelhamid. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) as a predictor of response to intravenous iron in hemodialysis patients: A hospital based analytical study. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):10-16]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.02.

Keywords: RET-He; Iron; Chronic kidney disease; Hemodialysis

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Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein Level as a Diagnostic Factor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hisham A. Abdelghany¹, Hany A. Labib², Mohamed S. Mohamed¹ and Salah E. Mohamed¹

¹Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University

²Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University

salahdia377@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Hepatocelular carcnoma (HCC) considered the common liver-cancer and the leading to death. The early diagnosises of HCC are the main benefits of HCC screening and α-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AG). The level of A1AG is marker for diagnosing HCC. Objective: Evaluation of the clinical utilites of AGP in HCC patients specially in attempt to find its role in diagnosing HCC in early stage. Methods: This study was performed on 85 patients recruited from Gastroenterology and Hepatology outpatient clinics and Internal Medicine Departments of Alahrar Zagazig Teaching Hospital, during the period from January2017 to January 2018 after obtaining a written consent from all subjects. Results: This study was performed on 85 patients. Group (I): (Healthy individuals) consists of 22 subjects included 10 males (45%) and 12 females (55%) with mean age 55.85±7.74 years. Group (II): (CLD-non HCC group) consists of 26 with cirrhosis included 19 males (73.1%) and 7females (26.9%) with mean age 58.4±4.7years. Group (III): (HCC group) consists of 37 HCC patients included 24 males (64.9%) and 13 females (35.1%) with mean age 60.45 ± 4.6 years. Conclusion: AGP is a sensitive and specific tumor marker for detection of HCC, especially for low AFP HCC. Combination between AGP and AFP increases the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of HCC.

[Hisham A. Abdelghany, Hany A. Labib, Mohamed S. Mohamed and Salah E. Mohamed. Alpha 1 Acid Glycoprotein Level as a Diagnostic Factor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):17-21]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.03.

Key words; HCC, diagnosis, cirrhosis, tumor, liver, 1-acid glycoprotein, fucosylation, glycoforms, diagnosis, prognosis.

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CHADS2 in Diabetic Patient as a Predictor of Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Elective Coronary intervention

Tarek Said Zolfaka (M.D.), Nader Talaat Kandil (M.D.), Alaa El-Sayed Salama (M.D.)and Ahmed Mohamed Saad (M.B; B.CH).

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

Dr.ahmedsaad45@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is considered to be one of the record mutual main undesirable side effects of cardiac catheterization, and is concomitant with short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. The mode of inducing disease of CIN yet is not known completely in spite of some probabilities that CIN through inducing medullary hypoxia which leads to renal tubular damage. Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of CHADS2 score in prediction of CIN in diabetic patient after elective coronary intervention. Methodology: This study was prospective cohort study conducted on 60 diabetic patients divided into two groups according CHADS2 score. All patients underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention. All patients had the following: complete blood count, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), Resting 12-lead electrocardiography, Doppler – echocardiography. Serum creatininewas assessed at baseline, 24 hours after contrast media exposure in the coronary intervention. Creatinine clearance was assessed at baseline and 24 hours after the intervention. Results: CIN developed in 8 patients ((13.3%) one patient (2.6%) in CHADS2 score (1-2) group and 7 patients (33.3%) in CHADS2 score (>3) group. There are a significant positive correlation between the incidence of CIN and CHADS2 score. Conclusion: CHADS2 score is highly sensitive in diagnosis of contrast induced nephropathy after coronary intervention rather than old complicated scoring system.

[Tarek Said Zolfaka, Nader Talaat Kandil, Alaa El-Sayed Salama and Ahmed Mohamed Saad. CHADS2 in Diabetic Patient as a Predictor of Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Elective Coronary intervention. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):22-30]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.04.

Key words (Contrast induced nephropathy, CHADS2, coronary interference)

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Efficacy of intravenous sedation by Dexmedetomidine versus Propofol for caudal anesthesia in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery

Ibrahim Mahmoud Hassaan, Zeinab Ibrahim Elhossary, Salwa Hassan Waly, Eslam Nabil Nada

Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care department, Faculty of Medicine – Zagazig University
ibrahassaan@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Caudal anesthesia is an important pediatric regional anesthetic technique, which can be used for many operative procedures; it is remarkably safe and relatively easy to learn. Mostly all caudal blocks are performed combined with general anesthesia, caudal block in sedated; spontaneously breathing infants and children is considered a safe alternative to general anesthesia alone. Methods: A total of 66 children of both sex aged 2-6 years of American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (ASA) I and II, posted for elective lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided in to two groups (n = 33 each) to receive either dexmedetomidine (IV) infusion (loading 1 μg/kg over 10 min followed by 0.2–0.6 μg/ kg/h) or Propofol (IV) infusion (loading dose 750 μg/kg followed by 12.5–75 μg/kg/min). All patients in both groups were received premedication atropine IV (0.01-0.02 mg/kg) and fentanyl IV (1 μ/kg). Inadequate sedation was defined as difficulty in completing the caudal block procedure because of movement of the child. The children who were inadequately sedated were given a single dose of midazolam 0.1 mg/kg in both groups intravenously (IV) as rescue doses. Baseline vital parameters: heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (MBP), oxygen saturation (SPO2) and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded during the study. Nasal mask was applied, and supplemental oxygen was administrated at 4L/min throughout the procedure. The rate of infusion titrated to maintain a sedation score of 3 on University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS) throughout the surgery. Patient data, ASA class, surgical procedure, and baseline cardio-respiratory variables were similar between groups. Results: Six patients were excluded from the study due to inadequate caudal block. General anesthesia had been administered in these six patients. The onset and recovery from sedation were significantly earlier with propofol in compare with dexmedetomidine, the requirement for rescue drug (midazolam) was higher in Propofol group. Heart rate decreased significantly in Group I (dexmedetomidine) while mean arterial pressure decreased significantly in Group II (propofol). Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine provided adequate sedation in most of the children aged 2– 6 years without hemodynamic or respiratory effects during caudal anesthesia in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery.
[Ibrahim Mahmoud Hassaan, Zeinab Ibrahim Elhossary, Salwa Hassan Waly, Eslam Nabil Nada. Efficacy of intravenous sedation by Dexmedetomidine versus Propofol for caudal anesthesia in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):31-38]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.05.

Keywords: Intravenous Sedation; Dexmedetomidine; Propofol; caudal block

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Developing New Indicator Traits for Selection for High Milk Yield of Indigenous Dual-purpose Cows in Hot-Humid Environment, Ghana

Coffie 1, I., Annor 1, S. Y., Kagya-Agyemang 1, J. K., Annan-Prah 2, A. and Seidu 1, H.

1Department of Animal Science Education, Faculty of Agriculture Education, University of Education, Winneba, P.O. Box 40, Mampong-Ashanti.
2 Department of Animal Science, University of Cape Coast, University Post Office, Cape Coast.
ismailcoffie@gmail.com

Abstract: Records on association of milk yield and morphological traits, particularly, parts distal to the knee/hock joints (fore/hind shank length and circumference) in dual-purpose cows are hardly available. This makes selection for milk yield potentials in favour of these traits difficult. This study was conducted to assess the relationship between average milk yield (AvMY) and morphological traits (MT) of on-farm dual-purpose cows of hot humid environment in Ghana and to determine the best MT predictor of AvMY. Three hundred and eighty-four (384) cows were purposively selected for measurement of association between AvMY and MT in 20 farms from April, 2015 to July, 2017. Analysis of data revealed that, phenotypic correlations between AvMY and MT (i.e., head length, horn length, horn tip spacing, and muzzle circumference) were low (0.14 to 0.24) whilst that of heart girth, ear length, tail length and pelvic width were medium (0.34 to 0.46). High correlations were observed among AvMY, body length, body height at withers, height at rump, hock circumference, and fore/hind-shank length and circumference (0.50 to 0.84). The best predictor of AvMY was the hind-shank circumference, followed by the fore-shank circumference, hind-shank length, fore-shank length, and hock circumference in descending order. It was concluded that, there were association between AvMY and MT. Breeders and producers should consider fore- and hind-shank circumference and length when selecting for improvement in AvMY potential.
[Coffie, I., Annor, S. Y., Kagya-Agyemang, J. K., Annan-Prah, A. and Seidu, H. Developing New Indicator Traits for Selection for High Milk Yield of Indigenous Dual-purpose Cows in Hot-Humid Environment, Ghana. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):39-44]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.06.

Keywords: Relationship between traits, dual-purpose cows, fore/hind-shank circumference, milk yield, morphometric traits

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Behavior Of Piled – Raft Foundations with Cap Directly In Contact With Soil and Freestanding Pile Cap

Elsamny M. Kassem¹, Abd EL Samee W. Nashaat² and Essa. Tasneem. A³

¹Civil Engineering Dep., Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

²Civil Engineering Dep., Faculty of Engineering, Beni- Suef University, Beni- Suef, Egypt.

³M.Sc. student Faculty of Engineering Al-Azhar University.

Wael_nashaat74@yahoo.com, Waelnashat@eng.bsu.edu.eg

Abstract: The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the behavior of directly in contact with soil piled-raft cap and piled- raft freestanding cap foundations in cohesionless soil. The distributions of load along pile shaft as well as the transferred load to piles tip have been determined. In addition, the group efficiency and pile group’s settlement have been obtained. In addition, the loads transferred directly to the soil underneath the pile cap have been obtained. Experimental tests were done under axial loading. A load test was executed for a single pile. The second load test is Piled-raft cap directly in contact with soil for four piles. The third load test is Piled-raft freestanding cap for four piles. In addition, end-bearing load as well as underneath the pile cap were determined. It is concluded that the load transferred to soil underneath Piled-raft cap directly in contact with soil is found to be 7.98% from the ultimate load capacity. However, the load transferred to soil by friction is found to be 88.27% from the ultimate load capacity. In addition, the load transferred to soil at pile tip is found to be 3.75% from the ultimate load capacity. However, the load transferred to soil by friction for Piled-raft freestanding cap is found to be 95.67% from the ultimate load capacity. In addition, the load transferred to soil at pile tip for Piled-raft freestanding cap is found to be 4.33% from the ultimate load capacity. The group efficiency of Piled-raft cap directly in contact with soil is more than that for Piled-raft freestanding cap. In addition, the group efficiency obtained from experimental test results is higher than the theoretical one. The settlement of Piled-raft freestanding cap is more than that for Piled-raft cap directly in contact with soil. Fair agreement is found between the values of settlement obtained from experimental results using Tangent method and by using finite element analysis.

[Elsamny M. Kassem, Abd EL Samee W. Nashaat and Essa. Tasneem. A. Behavior Of Piled – Raft Foundations with Cap Directly In Contact With Soil and Freestanding Pile Cap. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):45-62]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.10.

Keywords: Freestanding, in contact, Piled-raft, behavior, piles, settlement, cap

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Impact of Residual Kidney Function on Mineral Bone Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients

Osama Mahmoud Mohamed, Haitham Ezzat Abdelaziz, Mostafa Abd El-Nassier Abd El-Gawad, Ahmed Ra’fat Yousif

Internal Medicine and Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt

Haitham_ezzat@hotmail.com, arymf.2007@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that mineral bone disorders are major complications of end stage renal disease patients on regular hemodialysis. Residual kidney function could affect severity of complications of hemodialysis and bone biomarkers. We hypothesized that preservation of residual kidney function may have impact on bone mineral disorders in chronic hemodialysis patients. Methods: The study was done on 100 patients on regular hemodialysis, three sessions per week, in dialysis unit of Shebin ElKom Teaching Hospital. Patients were divided into three groups according to urine output (UOP) in 24 hours, group 1 (UOP > 50 ml \ 24h), group 2 (0 < UOP < 50 ml\ 24h), group 3 (no UOP) and we measured corrected calcium, phosphorus, iPTH, hemoglobin level and calculated KT\V per session then compared these parameters with residual kidney function (RKF) which was calculated by Daugirdas method. Residual kidney function (K_ru)=(UUN÷SUN)×urine flow rate (ml\min) (Handbook of Dialysis, 5th edition, 2015). Results: All three groups were compared regarding corrected Ca, phosphorus, iPTH, hemoglobin level, Kt\v and residual kidney function. There was a significant difference between three groups regarding hemoglobin level, kt\v, corrected Ca, iPTH and residual kidney function with P value (0.006), (0.001), (0.001), (0.032) and (0.001) respectively, on the other hand, there was no significant difference between three groups regarding phosphorus with P value (0.838). Conclusion: Residual kidney function is an important tool to assess remaining of kidney function and may improve bone mineral disorders if it is preserved, but still the phosphorus out of its control and may be affected by other factors need to be more studied.

[Osama Mahmoud Mohamed, Haitham Ezzat Abdelaziz, Mostafa Abd El-Nassier Abd El-Gawad, Ahmed Ra’fat Yousif. Impact of Residual Kidney Function on Mineral Bone Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):63-68]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.08.

Keywords: End stage renal disease, Residual Kidney Function, Mineral Bone Disorders, Bone biomarkers in CKD

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[Life Sci J 2018;15(8):69-74]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.09. withdrawn

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A Stable Curved Hole Creation by Electrical Discharge Machining and a New Curved Mechanical Mechanism

Hossameldin Hussein¹, S. Habib², Sayed. A. Abdallah² and S.S. Mohamed²

¹Higher Technological Institute, 10^th of Ramadan city, Egypt.

²Shoubra Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt.

hossameldin@hti.edu.eg

Abstract: In this paper, creation of curved holes became hard to do and therefore we were searching for a new mechanism or even a new way to do so, then we designed a new curved mechanical mechanism to try and after it worked good, we wanted to make a stable curved hole with the same dimension in the inlet and outlet hole by repeat putting the half ball's electrode to get the same diameter in the inlet and outlet hole. Then, we measured the electrode wear rate for the different entries we did, and afterwards we saw the shape of that curved hole after it had radiography test by X-Ray.

[Hossameldin Hussein, S. Habib, Sayed. A. Abdallah and S.S. Mohamed. A Stable Curved Hole Creation by Electrical Discharge Machining and a New Curved Mechanical Mechanism. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):75-79]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.10.

Keywords: Electrical discharge machining (EDM), Stable curved hole, Curved mechanical mechanism

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Study of the Possible Pathogenic Role of Endothelin-1 in Intra Dialytic Hypertension and Effect of Carvedilol in Disease Improvement in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Osama Mahmoud Mohamed, Heba Wahid El Said, Haitham Ezzat Abdelaziz, Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed, Lina Essam Mohamed Khedr and Noura Mohamed Wafaa Ibrahim Nassar

Internal Medicine and Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University

nmwnassar87@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: intradialytic hypertension is a common problem observed in patients on maintenance hemodialysis and considered as an independent predictor of adverse clinical outcomes. Aim of the Work: to study the possible pathogenic role of Endothelin-1 in intradialytic hypertension and effect of Carvedilol in disease improvement in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methodology: the study is a case control study included 60 patients with end stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis, selected from Ain shams university hemodialysis unit during the period from March. 2016 to September 2017. Group A: 30 patients with intradialytic hypertension. Group B: 30 patients without intradialytic hypertension. All patients submitted to full history taking and clinical examination; laboratory investigations included routine investigations and estimation of Endothelin-1 post dialysis. Group A patients with intradialytic hypertension (IDH) subjected to a non controlled single blinded clinical trial, Carvedilol was given on regular basis for 4 weeks titration period (starting dose 6.25 mg BID) till maximal tolerated dose reached, then patients subjected to assessment of ET-1 level before and after dialysis to estimate the effect of Carvedilol on ET-1 level and its possible association with intradialytic hypertension improvement. Results: serum Endothelin-1 (ET-1) ranges between (.45-9.00pg/ml) in cases group with the mean of 1.82±1.99 in comparison to (.75-3.85pg/ml) in controls group with the mean of 1.61±1.01 with no statistically significance between both groups. Group A intradialytic hypertension patients subjected to Carvedilol have ET-1 level before and after dialysis was estimated after intake with ranges from (.75-9.0 pg/ml) pre hemodialysis with a mean of [4.25±3.13] and (.50-9.0 pg/ml) after hemodialysis with a mean of [2.84±2.41] with highly statistically significance between pre and post hemodialysis E-1 after Carvedilol. Conclusion: intradialytic hemodynamic changes including IDH is a complex interplay of endothelin-1, and endothelial function. Carvedilol intake shows marked improvement of Endothelin-1 level and also improvement of intradialytic hypertension.

[Osama Mahmoud Mohamed, Heba Wahid El Said, Haitham Ezzat Abdelaziz, Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed, Lina Essam Mohamed Khedr and Noura Mohamed Wafaa Ibrahim Nassar. Study of the Possible Pathogenic Role of Endothelin-1 in Intra Dialytic Hypertension and Effect of Carvedilol in Disease Improvement in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients. Life Sci J 2018;15(8):80-91]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj150818.11.

Keywords: Endothelin-1, Intra Dialytic Hypertension, Carvedilol, Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

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