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HIV/AIDS Awareness/Knowledge and Rural Secondary School students in South Africa

Tuntufye Selemani Mwamwenda

Administration, University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela Campus, Nelspruit, South Africa

tsmwamwenda@yahoo.com

Abstract: In many parts the world over, rural education is understood from a deficit perspective. Therefore, the principal objective of this investigation was to assess and examine rural secondary school students’ HIV/AIDS awareness and knowledge. The sample of the study comprised 145 respondents in grades 10-12 enrolled in mathematics and science as their focus in a rural secondary school in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Their age ranged from to. On the basis of gender, there were males and females. The method used for the analysis of data comprised descriptive statistics, namely, means, frequency, percentage, chi-square and level of probability. While the overall scores were satisfactory, respondents scored over 80 percent in only four questions/statements out of 15. This was not sufficient for society to be satisfied that youths have sufficient knowledge and awareness to guard against the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS transmission. It is imperative therefore that, rural secondary school students be provided with more HIV/AIDS public education that will enable youths to make appropriate decisions, as they encounter various experiences that predispose them to contract HIV/AIDS.

[Tuntufye Selemani Mwamwenda. HIV/AIDS Awareness/Knowledge and Rural Secondary School students in South Africa. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):1-6]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.01.

Keywords: protection against HIV/AIDS; rural school and HIV/AIDS; rural versus urban environment; secondary school students.

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Fertility Improvement on Repeat Breeder Friesian Heifers with Hormonal Treatments

El-Diahy Y.M.¹; A.M Metwally²; W.F.M. Fouad²; N. Ewada² and E.H. Abu El-Hamd²

¹Anim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt

²Anim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Kaferelsheikh University, Egypt.

abuelhamd68@yahoo.com

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate some hormonal treatment protocols to fertility improvement on repeat breeder Frisian heifers. A total of 36 Frisian heifers failed to conceive after 3-4 services (repeat breeder heifers) was used in this study. Results showed that pregnancy rate was higher significantly in G3, 83.3% than in G1, 50% and G2, 58% in repeat breeder heifers. Progesterone (P4) concentration in G1 or G2 was significantly (P<0.01) lower at artificial insemination (estrus) in pregnant heifers than in non-pregnant, while it was higher post-treatment 5, 10, 12 and 24 days post-artificial insemination in pregnant than in non-pregnant repeat breeder heifers. But, P4 concentration not significant during pre-treatment in all animals. At estrus concentration of P4 were lower significantly in pregnant 0.284, 0.392 and 0.246 ng/ml in G1, G2 and G3, respectively than in non pregnant in 1.356, 1.635 and 1.835 ng/ml, respectively. In G3, P4 concentration pre- and during treatment tended to be similar in pregnant and non-pregnant repeat breeder heifers. The P4 concentration on day 5, 10, 12 and 24 post-mating was significantly (P<0.001) higher in pregnant than in non-pregnant heifers in G3. The economic evaluation indicated that hCG at insemination and at 5 days post- insemination protocols had the cheapest cost (L.E 22/animal), while hCG-PGF₂α-hCG timed AI protocol showed the highest cost (L.E 64/animal).

[El-Diahy Y.M.; A.M Metwally ; W.F.M. Fouad ; N. Ewada  and E.H. Abu El-Hamd. Fertility Improvement on Repeat Breeder Friesian Heifers with Hormonal Treatments. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):7-14]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.02.

Keywords: Friesian heifers, repeat breeder, hCG, pregnant rate and progesterone concentration.

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Oncological safety of conservative axillary lymph node dissection in pathologically positive axilla: randomized controlled study

Mohamed I Abdelhamid, Wael  Al-Shelfa,  Hassan Ashour, Salah AbdElaal, Mansour M Morsy, Osama abd Elaziz, Mohammed Alkilany, Ahmed R Elsayed, Alaa khalil

Surgical oncology unit, department of general surgery, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

dr_moh2003@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is associated with many complications as lymphedema. The oncological safety of preserving the upper limb lymphatic is still unclear. The aim of the current study is to determine the oncological safety of sparing upper limb lymphatic in clinically negative and Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) positive axilla. Patients and Methods: Ninety-eight early breast cancer patients with clinically negative axilla were conducted in this study during the period between March 2013 and October 2014. Positive SLNB patients were randomized into two groups, group I for standard ALND and group II for conservative ALND. Conservative ALND group patients underwent Axillary revers mapping (ARM) for identification of upper limb lymphatic and sparing these lymph nodes during ALND. All patients were followed up till April 2017 with follow up period ranged from 30 – 49 month (mean follow up period was 39 month). Results: lymphedema occurred in 10(25%) patients in group I, while no lymphedema in group II. No local recurrence occurred in both groups during the period of follow up. paresthesia ,pain and loss of shoulder mobility were more in group I.  Conclusion: Conservative ALND is oncologically safe as standard ALND in pathologically positive axilla and less in complications regarding lymphedema, parasthesia, pain and loss of shoulder mobility.

[Mohamed I Abdelhamid, Wael  Al-Shelfa,  Hassan Ashour, Salah AbdElaal, Mansour M Morsy, Osama abd Elaziz, Mohammed Alkilany, Ahmed R Elsayed, Alaa khalil Oncological safety of conservative axillary lymph node dissection in pathologically positive axilla: randomized controlled study. Life Sci J  2017; 14(11):15-19]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi: 

 10.7537/marslsj141117.03.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Axillary dissection, Axillary reverse mapping

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Seroma Formation after Mastectomy:  Predictors and Prevention

Mohamed I Abdelhamid, Osama AbdElaziz, Ramadan Mahmoud

General & Lap Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig , Egypt,

dr_moh2003@yahoo.com osamaeltih1975@gmail.com  Ramadanali1977@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Seroma is the most common complication occurs after mastectomy. It causes anxiety; pain; suture breakdown and may interfere with mobility of arm. The aim of this study was to assess the demographic, clinical and pathological parameters and their effect on seroma formation. Also assess different methods to reduce and prevent seroma formation. Patients and Methods: one hundred and twenty patients were randomized into three groups (40 in each group); Group I (Control Group); Group II (Compression-Dressing Group);Group III (quilting Group).The three groups were divided into subgroups (A and B) according to time of removal of the drain. All patients underwent Modified Radical Mastectomy and level II axillary dissection. Closed suction drains were placed. Results: Quilting technique significantly decrease the incidence of seroma (p=0.03); Total drain output in the first 7 days and the duration of drainage (p>0.001).Age; lymph nodes and pathological features of the tumor were not affecting seroma formation. Seroma was significantly lower in subgroup B (p= 0.011).Flap suturing, duration of drainage, body mass index(BMI), hypertension and diabetes mellitus were found to be significant Univariate predictors of seroma formation.Conclusion: Prevention is the golden key for management of seroma. Flap suturing, duration of drainage, BMI, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most important risk factors for seroma formation. Obliteration of dead space play a significant role in reduces post-operative seroma. Removal of suction drain after decrease the drain output to 20-30 ml has significant role in prevention of seroma formation.

[Mohamed I Abdelhamid, Osama AbdElaziz, Ramadan Mahmoud Seroma Formation after Mastectomy:  Predictors and Prevention Life Sci J 2017; 14(11):20-26]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.04.

Key words: Seroma, breast cancer, mastectomy, predictors

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The Patterns of Clinical Presentation, risk, and predictive Factors of Epilepsy in Early Stroke in adult Sudanese Patients admitted to Neurology Center, Khartoum, Sudan

Etedal Ahmed Abu Elbasher Ibrahim ^{(1, 2)*}, Rewida Musa Bakheit Sid Ahmed ⁽²⁾, Alsadig Gassoum Fad Allah Albasheer ^{(2, 3)}, Mohamed Nagib Abd Allaha Idris ^{(2, 4)}

¹Alneelain University, Faculty of Medicine, Khartoum, Sudan

²National Center for Neurological Sciences, Khartoum, Sudan

³Almadain College of medical Sciences and technology, Khartoum, Sudan

⁴Khartoum University, Faculty of Medicine, Khartoum, Sudan

 eetedalibrahim@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Seizures and Epilepsy is a common disease in elderly patients particularly if associated with stroke. A High proportion 25% of new seizures occurs in individuals over the age of 65years. The causes and clinical manifestations of seizures and epilepsy differ in the age group and affect the diagnostic approach. Cerebrovascular disease is the most common known cause of epilepsy in elderly representing one third to one half of cases. Aim: To determine the patterns risk and predictive factors of epilepsy in early stroke in adult Sudanese patients. Material and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study had been conducted at the National Center for Neurological Sciences in Khartoum, during the period from June 2009 to June 2011. All the patients with age >16 years attending the NCNS during the above mentioned period and diagnosed as having stroke, were included. Results: The most affected age group with stroke, is ranging between 61-70 years. In the present study the risk factors among the 20 patients with epilepsy in early stroke: hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia was found in 40%; 30% and 20% respectively. hypokalaemia was found in 11 patients (55%). Conclusions: Early onset seizures are a frequent and important complication in acute stroke, with a poor short-term prognosis. The females were predominating. The most affected age group was ranging between 61-70 years, hypertension was found to be the commonest risk factor. Seizures were encountered mainly in cerebral haemorrhage.

[Etedal Ahmed Abu Elbasher Ibrahim, Rewida Musa Bakheit Sid Ahmed, Alsadig Gassoum Fad Allah Albasheer, Mohamed Nagib Abd Allaha Idris . The Patterns of Clinical Presentation, risk, and predictive Factors of Epilepsy in Early Stroke in adult Sudanese Patients admitted to Neurology Center, Khartoum, Sudan. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):27-31]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.05.

Key words: Epilepsy, elderly, stroke, seizures, Sudan

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The effect of parenting styles on children’s dental anxiety

Sumer M. Alaki

Associate Professor & Consultant Pediatric Dentist, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

E-mail: salagy@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: Dental anxiety is a common condition seen at all age levels and can be prevalent in children. It has been shown to have multiple risk factors including general fear, personal traits, previous dental experiences, parents’ dental fear, gender and age. Dental anxiety can lead to avoidance of treatment and deterioration of oral health and in some countries considered a public health issue. Parents play an important role in shaping children’s mental and psychological health and wellbeing and may occasionally increase the risk of developing anxiety and depression in susceptible children. Despite abundance of data on this issue there seems to be sparse information as to how parenting might affect child’s anxiety at in dental settings. Therefore, this paper sheds some light on the effect of parenting styles on children’s dental anxiety.

[Sumer M. Alaki. The effect of parenting styles on children’s dental anxiety. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):32-36]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.06.

Key words: dental anxiety, children, parenting

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Microwave Treatment of Open-end and Ring yarn Woven fabrics

Ghada Ali Abou-Nassif

Fashion Design Department, Design and Art Faculty, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

E-mail: drghada2017@gmail.com

Abstract: Microwave irradiation is considered one of the newest and powerful techniques of non-contacting heating and has been used for reacting, heating and drying the textile materials. This study aimed to compare between microwave treated fabrics in terms of tensile properties, tearing strength, air permeability, roughness and color properties. Two types of woven fabrics, namely open-end and ring yarn fabrics were used in this study. One –way AANOVA was utilized to disclose the significance of microwave power influence on fabric properties. The findings of this study revealed that microwave irradiation deteriorated the tensile and tearing strength of the treated fabrics. While the rest of fabric’s properties have been enhanced by the treatment with microwave irradiation.

[Ghada Ali Abou-Nassif. Microwave Treatment of Open-end and Ring yarn Woven fabrics. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):37-43]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.07.

Keywords: Microwave; Treatment; Open-end; Ring yarn Woven fabrics

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Water Conservation and Management of Fish Farm in Lake Mariout

Amr M. Helal¹, Ahmed M. Attia² and Mona M. Mustafa^1*

¹ Fish Rearing Lab., Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt.

² Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Egypt.

monamustafa153@yahoo.com

Abstract: This research studied water conservation management in fish farm and its impacts on water quality. Mergam fish farm is located in Lake Mariout West of Alexandria. Its area is 14 feddans. The results revealed that mean seasonal water temperature, pH and salinity are in the convenient level for the culture species (O. niloticus, M. Capito and D. Labrax), while the DO are at minimum level, this value under control by introduction of fresh water from El-Kilo 21 canal the main water source of fish farm all night every day with average exchange greater than 4800 m³/ day. Mergam's fish farm suffers from high level of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and BOD as a result of organic residues including uneaten feed containing high percentage of protein 30%, feaces and dead algae which settle to the pond bottom. The excessive organic matters are converted into nutrients; they enable proliferation of high algal level which causes high level of eutrophication. This is problem due to worse management by randomly feeding with high protein percentage.

[Amr M. Helal, Ahmed M. Attia  and Mona M. Mustafa. Water Conservation and Management of Fish Farm in Lake Mariout. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):44-51]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.08.

Keywords: Water Conservation, Aqueous Inorganic Nitrogen, Fish Farm Management and Water quality

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Prediction of Californian rabbits body weight from their body characteristics in Egypt

Tarek Mahmoud Mousa-Balabel1, Radi Ali El-Sheikh2 and Nermeen Salah El-Nenny3

1Professor of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt.

2Associate Professor of Fish Behavior, Department of Aquaculture (Welfare group), Faculty of Fisheries and

Aquaculture Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt.

3Postgraduate student, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt. balabel_2006@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present study was planned to analysis the different live body characteristics of the weanlings and adult  of  Californian rabbits  which reared  at the breeding  unit  of  the Department  of  Hygiene  and  Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelshiekh University, Egypt. A total number of 36 Californian rabbits

{16 weanlings (8-does and 8-bucks) with an average age of 35 days and 16 adults (8-does and 8-bucks) with an average age of 10 months} were used in this study to determine five body measurements (BMs), namely; Body length (BL), Head length (HL), Chest girth (CG), Ear length (EL) and Tail length (TL). Under this experiment, There was a highly significant difference in measured values between the weanlings and the adults in BW and all BMs except in the TL. On the other side, there was no significant difference in measured values between does and bucks in BW and all BMs, Although, the rabbit does showed slightly lower numerical values than bucks. The correlation matrix showed high, positive and significant values (P<0.01) among all studied traits and the highest coefficient were recorded between BW and CG (r=0.939). The findings of the regression coefficients revealed that, the CG was the best predictor of BW, contributing 95% of total variability. Finally, the obtained results revealed that the rabbit body measurements could be helpful in the rabbit selection for breeding and market live weight prediction and for genetic improvement.

[Tarek Mahmoud Mousa-Balabel, Radi Ali El-Sheikh and Nermeen Salah El-Nenny. Prediction of Californian rabbits body weight from their body characteristics in Egypt. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):52-56]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.09.

Keywords: Body shape, body measurements, Californian rabbits.

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Useful managemental practices for mitigating the effect of transportation stress on broiler under Egyptian conditions

Tarek Mahmoud Mousa-Balabel1, Radi Ali El-Sheikh2, Sameh El-Shenawy Senna3

1Professor of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt.

2Associate Professor of Fish Behavior, Department of Aquaculture (Welfare group), Faculty of Fisheries and

Aquaculture Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt.

3Postgraduate student, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt. balabel_2006@yahoo.com

Abstract: Broiler birds are transported to slaughter house sites within one to 2 days before slaughtering. Possible effects of this transportation are poorly understood and could vary among birds from breeder flocks of different ages. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of some managemental practices in alleviation of the harm effects of transportation stress on broilers. A total of 300 of 28 day old broiler Cobb birds were allocated randomly into equal five treatment groups (n＝60). The birds in the first group (C) were transported without treatment and kept as a control group. The birds in the second group (V) were supplied with vitamin E & selenium with a dose of 1 ml per liter of the drinking water from 35th to 38th day (day of transportation). The birds in the third group (FW) were treated by feed withdrawal 12 hours before transporting. The birds in the fourth group (BL) were reared under blue light color. While, the birds in the fifth group (D) were reared in the darkness three hours before transporting. The obtained results revealed that live body weight, internal organs weight loss, H/L ratio, T3, T4, respiratory and heart rates were increased after transportation and decreased by different treatments except feed withdrawal. From the obtained results in the current study, it is strongly recommended to use an alternative management between darkness and blue light colors or adding vitamin E & selenium in the drinking water in broiler farms before transportation to reduce the harm effects of transportation stress and improve the bird welfare. But, feed withdrawal is contraindicated.

[Tarek Mahmoud Mousa-Balabel, Radi Ali El-Sheikh, Sameh El-Shenawy Senna. Useful managemental practices for  mitigating  the  effect  of  transportation  stress  on  broiler  under  Egyptian  conditions.  Life  Sci  J

2017;14(11):57-63]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.10.

Keywords: Blue light color, broilers, feed withdrawal, transportation, darkness.  

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New strategies for controlling heat stress in New Zealand White (NZW) Rabbits in Egypt

Tarek Mahmoud Mousa-Balabel1, Radi Ali El-Sheikh2 and Esraa Hussein Moustafa1

1Professor of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt.

2Associate Professor of Fish Behavior, Department of Aquaculture (Welfare group), Faculty of Fisheries and

Aquaculture Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt.

3Postgraduate student, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh city, P.O.33516, Egypt. balabel_2006@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present work was planned to study the reproductive performance of New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits under hot subtropical environmental conditions of Egypt. 36 sexually mature New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits (32 does and four fertile bucks) were all located into equal four groups (eight does and one buck each). The rabbits in the first group (C) were Kept as a control. The rabbits in the second group (HB) were supplemented by honey bee (20 ml/Lof the drinking water). The rabbits in the third group (FR) were treated by feed restriction. While, The rabbits in the fourth group (BL) were reared under blue light color. Some performance data were calculated throughout the experimental period; The initial and final body weights (BW), feed intake (FI) and water intake (WI), body weight gain (BWG) for adult and young rabbits, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the mortality rate (MR). Also, some reproductive data were recorded; the conception rate (CR), gestation period (GP), the amount of milk yield for each doe during the first3 days post kindling, litter size, litter weight, individual kit weight at kindling and weaning and fetal losses. Hematological analysis; Red blood cells (RBCs) count, packed cell volume (PCV), total and differential leukocytic count and hemoglobin were determined by colorimetric method. The respiratory rate and rectal temperature were recorded. The obtained results revealed that, the treated groups recorded the higher values for the most of performance parameters than those that in the control group. The mortality rate was higher in the control group (15%) than that in the treated groups; HB, FR and BL (5, 11 and 8%, respectively). There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the reproductive traits of NZW rabbits; conception rate, gestation period, litter size at birth, litter weight at birth and weaning, and three days post kindling estimated milk yield in the control group in comparison with treated groups. The honey bee group represented as the much better group in most of the performance and reproductive traits; conception rate (86%), fetal losses (0.046%), dead kits before weaning (0.81%), Litter weight at birth (320.4g.), Kits body weight at weaning (50.4g), Kits weight gain (240g) and milk yield (140.1g/day),  followed  by  FR  and  BL  treated  groups.  There  was  a  significant  (P<0.05)  differences  in  core temperature (°C) and respiratory rate as they were higher in the control group in comparison with treated groups. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that the harm effect of heat stress can be mitigated in reared rabbits during summer season in Egypt by the addition of honeybee in the drinking water or applying 30% feed restriction. But, using blue light color had a little role in the mitigation of heat stress in rabbits, as it has a little positive effect on rabbit's performance and reproductive traits if compared with honey bee and feed restriction.

[Tarek Mahmoud Mousa-Balabel, Radi Ali El-Sheikh and Esraa Hussein Moustafa. New strategies for controlling heat stress in New Zealand White (NZW) Rabbits in Egypt. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):64-70]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.11.

Keywords: Blue light color, feed restriction, honey bee, New Zealand White Rabbits.

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Role of Multi-slice computed tomography using contrast in Evaluation of Coronary Artery Stents

Mohamed Farouk Agag, M.D., Mohamed Salah Tafeek Elfeshawy, M.D., Mohamed Hafez Ahmed Abbass, M.Sc

Radiodiagnosis Departments, Faculty of Medicine (For Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

mst1200@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background and Objective: Coronary artery stenting has become an established treatment for symptomatic coronary artery disease. One of the most important variables that determine the successful clinical outcome of coronary artery stent application is the short- and long-term patency rate of the stents. The Aim of this study: The aim of this study was to evaluate multi-detector row CT angiography as a less invasive technique in the assessment of the patency of the coronary arteries stents without involvement of much more invasive techniques (e.g. conventional angiography) to assess the patency of their stents. Patients and methods: A total number of 50 patients were enrolled for multi-detector row CT angiography of the coronary arteries between May 2015 and May 2017. Twenty two patients underwent both conventional coronary angiography and MDCT coronary angiography. Both examinations were done within a month. The patients who did not perform the conventional angiography were mostly due to the decision made by the referring physicians as there is increased confidence in the results of MSCT angiography, so those patients were referred for conservative medical treatment. Results: CT angiography compared to the conventional angiography as a gold standard technique gave us a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of about 83.8 %, an accuracy of about 87.1%, PPV is 61.5% and NPV is 100% in the assessment of the patency of the coronary artery stents, taking into consideration proper standard CT angiography techniques in all cases included in the final results with exclusion of all cases that experienced inevitable conditions that may hinder proper stent lumen evaluation as sudden rise of the heart rate during scanning time or unexpected cardiac arrhythmias. Conclusion: our study helps to identify factors that influence the assess ability of coronary artery stents by 64-, 128- dual source and 256-slice CT scanners, namely, stent type and diameter. It shows that under certain conditions, the detection of in-stent restenosis might be possible with an accuracy that could permit clinical applications, but that the relatively high rate of unevaluable stents currently does not allow to use MDCT for coronary angiography in unselected patients with implanted stents in coronary arteries or bypass grafts.

[Mohamed Farouk Agag,, Mohamed Salah Tafeek Elfeshawy, Mohamed Hafez Ahmed Abbass. Role of Multi-slice computed tomography using contrast in Evaluation of Coronary Artery Stents. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):71-86]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.12.

Key words: Multi-detector row CT, Multi-slice CT, CT angiography, coronary artery stents, Non-invasive vascular imaging

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Extensive persistent pupillary membranes in teens

Kaung-Jen Chien^1,2,5, Chi-Ting Horng ^2,3,5, Lu-Yu Wu ^4,*

¹Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.

²Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pintung, Taiwan, ROC.

³Department of Ophthalmology, Fooyin University Hospital, Pintung, Taiwan, ROC.

⁴Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.

⁵These authors contributed equally to this paper

Tell phone: 886-7-7496751; Email: h56041@gmail.tw

Abstract: We reported a 17-year-old young male with unilateral extensive hyperplastic persistent papillary membranes, present since birth, with poor visual acuity. The membranes were excised surgically; visual acuity improved. Extensive persistent papillary membrane can be removed safely by surgical methods if they are large enough to obscure the papillary axis and affect visual acuity.

[Kaung-Jen Chien, Chi-Ting Horng, Lu-Yu Wu. Extensive persistent pupillary membranes in teens. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):87-93]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.13.

Keywords: Pupillary membrane

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Effect of MXT on Ca²⁺ homeostasis and induced apoptosis in PC3 human prostate cancer cells

Ying-Jui Ni¹, Chi-Ting Horng^2,3, Kaung-Jen Chien^3,4,*, and Chien-Ren Chen⁵

¹Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Force General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

²Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Armed Force General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

³Department of Pediatric, Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

⁴Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan

⁵ You Ming Eye Clinic, Yunlin, Taiwan

E-mail address: h56041@gmail.com

Abstract: Methoxychlor (MXT), an organochlorine pesticide, is thought to be an endocrine disrupter that affects Ca²⁺ homeostasis and cell viability in different cell models. This study explored the action of methoxychlor on cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺]_i) and apoptosis in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Fura-2, a Ca²⁺-sensitive fluorescent dye, was applied to assess [Ca²⁺]_i. Methoxychlor at concentrations of 0.1-1 M caused a [Ca²⁺]_i rise in a concentration-dependent manner. Removal of external Ca²⁺ abolished methoxychlor’s effects. The methoxychlor-induced Ca²⁺ influx was confirmed by Mn²⁺-induced quench of fura-2 fluorescence. Methoxychlor-induced Ca²⁺ entry was inhibited by nifedipine, econazole, SK & F96365, and protein kinase C modulators. We found that methoxychlor may kill cells at concentrations of 10-130 M in a concentration-dependent fashion. Chelation of cytosolic Ca²⁺ with 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid/AM (BAPTA/AM) did not prevent methoxychlor’s cytotoxicity. Methoxychlor (10 and 50 M) induced apoptosis concentration-dependently as determined by using Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Together, in PC3 human prostate cancer cells, methoxychlor induced a [Ca²⁺]_i rise by inducing Ca²⁺ entry via protein kinase C-sensitive Ca²⁺-permeable channels, without causing Ca²⁺ release from stores. Moreover, methoxychlor also induced apoptosis that was independent of [Ca²⁺]_i rises.

[Ying-Jui Ni, Chi-Ting Horng, Kaung-Jen Chien, and Chien-Ren Chen. Effect of MXT on Ca²⁺ homeostasis and induced apoptosis in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):94-101]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 14. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.14.

Keywords: apoptosis, Ca²⁺, prostate cancer cells, methoxychlor

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Radioactive Exploration Using Image Processing Techniques of Spectrometric Data, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt

Adel Zein Bishta

Faculty of Earth Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

abishta@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: The central part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt is mainly covered by complex of late Proterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks. Some important occurrences of radioactive mineralization were discovered in this area by the Egyptian Nuclear Materials Authority. Different techniques of gamma-ray spectrometry and image processing, as well as field investigations are applied in this work, aiming to define new occurrences of the possible radioactive mineralization. The constructed false color composite Landsat ETM+ image showed the main lithologic units of the investigated area. The structural lineaments of the study area are extracted from the digital ETM+ data. Statistical analysis of these lineaments revealed that the predominant trends are NW, NE, N-S, NNW and NNE with a minor trend in E-W direction. The image processing technique is used in constructing gamma-ray spectrometry color raster maps of K, eU, eTh and TC. These color raster maps distinguished to some extent the different mapped rock units according to their K-contents. These maps helped in identifying the zones of high radioactivities, which are confined to late-tectonic younger granitic intrusions and the Phanerozoic phosphatic deposits. The processed colored enhanced linear stretched ternary map illustrates five -color groups which interpreted as being five different radioactive units (R1 to R5). These radioactive units reflect the different concentrations of the three radioelements (K, eU and eTh) characterizing each radioactive occurrence. R5-type indicates to uranium enrichment while R2-type reflects thorium enrichments. The ternary map pointed to the important new areas of uranium occurrences located in the study area, such as El Missikat and El Erediya plutons and the phosphatic beds of Wadi Safaga. It is showed also that, the plutons of Kab Amiri, El Missikat and Wadi El Markh younger granitic intrusions are exhibiting thorium enrichments.

[Adel Zein Bishta. Radioactive Exploration Using Image Processing Techniques of Spectrometric Data, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):102-113]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 15. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.15.

Keywords: Image processing; lineaments extraction; spectrometric; aeroradiometric; alteration zones.

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Non-stopping oral astaxanthin supplement induced massive bleeding may be an etiology of suprachoroidal hemorrhage in any operation including cataract surgery

Yueh-Jung Wu¹ and Chi-Ting Horng^2,*

¹ Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

² Department of Ophthalmology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Tell phone: 886-7-5834845; Email: h56041@gmail.tw

Abstract: During many operation (in GU, GS, PS, CS, CVS, NS and even DEN section) including cataract surgery, massive blood of the patients would be easily leaked made it become difficult during approach. To our knowledge, non-stop use of astaxanthin supplement during phacoemusification developing into SCH was first reported in the world. The abnormal hemodynamics of bleeding tendency from astaxanthin may result in several problems from mild hyphema to severe SCH formation. We must remember that discontinuation of all herbal, OTC and prescription medication at least 2 weeks before surgery if the pharmacologic reaction of them may interfere with hemodynamics. The clinicians should consult the detailed medical history of surgical patients. However, astaxanthin possess the character of bleeding tendency which could influence the processes of operation in any surgery. Therefore, we can’t omit the potential adverse reaction and health hazards from some healthy food supplements for patients’ safety.

[Yueh-Jung Wu and Chi-Ting Horng. Non-stopping oral astaxanthin supplement induced massive bleeding may be an etiology of suprachoroidal hemorrhage in any operation including cataract surgery. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):114-120]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 16. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.16.

Keywords: astaxanthin, operation, bleeding tendency

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Adaptive reflector based on cholesteric liquid crystal film

Feng-Chi Lin^1,5, Wei-Yang Lu^2,5, Shuan-Yu Huang³, and Chi-Ting Horng^1,4*

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

² Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan

³ School of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan

⁴ Department of Ophthalmology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

⁵These authors contributed equally to the paper

Tell phone: 886-7-5817121 Email: h56041@gmail.tw

Abstract: An optically controllable and adaptive reflector based on azo-chiral-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (ADCLC) film is fabricated. The variation of the photonic bandgap (PBG) with adjusting the helical pitch of the ADCLC is theoretically predicated by Berreman 4X4 matrix and experimentally demonstrated. The PBG of the ADCLC will red-shift when exposed by a UV light. After switching off the UV light, the PBG will gradually shift back to shorter wavelength. This optically controllable and adaptive reflector can be potentially applied on tunable photonic devices or goggles.

[Feng-Chi Lin, Wei-Yang Lu, Shuan-Yu Huang, and Chi-Ting Horng. Adaptive reflector based on cholesteric liquid crystal film. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):121-124]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.17.

Keywords: adaptive reflector, azo-chiral-doped cholesteric liquid crystal (ADCLC), photonic bandgap

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Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth performance and absorptive capacity of the intestinal villi in broiler chickens

Azza Hafez¹, S. M. Hegazi¹, A. A Bakr¹ and H. EL. Shishtawy²

¹Department of Nutrition and clinical nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt

²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt

azzahafez343@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZONPs) on performance and absorptive capacity of the intestinal villi in broiler chickens. A total of ninety-one-day old broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were distributed randomly into three treatments (T) with three replicates in each one. T1; basal diet + mineral mixture contains inorganic zinc oxide (40 mg/kg diet), T2; basal diet + mineral mixture contains ZONPs (40 mg/kg diet), T3; basal diet + mineral mixture contains ZONPs (80 mg/kg diet). This study lasted 35d and birds accessed to feed and water ad libitum throughout the experiment. The results showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the body weight gain and feed efficiency of the 40 and 80 ZONP, but feed intake showed non-significant difference. The villus height and crypt depth were significantly increased i is a considerable Zn source for broiler with beneficial effects on the growth performan all parts of the small intestine in the 40 and 80 ZONPS. So, supplementation of ZONP at the dose rate of 40 or 80 mg nce of broiler chickens.

[Azza Hafez, S. M. Hegazi, A. A Bakr  and H. EL. Shishtawy . Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth performance and absorptive capacity of the intestinal villi in broiler chickens. Life Sci J 2017;14(11):125-129]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 18. doi:10.7537/marslsj141117.18.

Keywords: Zinc oxide nanoparticles, Growth performance, Absorptive capacity, Broiler chickens.

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