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Quality of groundwater for irrigation in Tehsil Vehari of District Vehari, Punjab Pakistan

Atta-Ur-Rehman¹, Muhammad Saleem¹, Muhammad Bilal Khan², Amjad Tariq¹, Abdul-Sattar¹ and Xiaoqiang Cui²

¹ Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Vehari, Punjab Pakistan

² MOE Key Laboratory, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University China.

bilalkhan_arid@yahoo.com

Abstract: A study was conducted in twenty two union councils of Tehsil Vehari of District Vehari to assess the suitability of underground water for irrigation purposes. For this purpose, samples were collected and analyzed for Electrical Conductivity (EC), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonates (RSC), Carbonates (CO^-₃), Bicarbonates (HCO^-₃), Calcium+ Magnesium (Ca⁺²+Mg⁺²), Sodium (Na⁺) and Chlorides (Cl^-) concentrations. The results showed that Electrical Conductivity (EC) ranged from 934.67 to 5608.57 (µScm^-1), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) ranged from 2.62 to 18.86, Residual Sodium Carbonates (RSC) ranged from 2.04 to 11.50 (meqL^-1), Sodium (Na⁺) ranged from 2.57 to 27.27(meqL^-1) and Chlorides (Cl^-) ranged from 1.10 to 30.98(meqL^-1). This was concluded from study that 23.15% water samples were free from salinity hazards and declared fit for irrigation purpose, while 12.81% water samples were found marginally fit. While 64.04% water samples were found unfit for irrigation purpose. Provision of necessary technical assistance to farming communities should be available to guide them at what depth they should extract fresh water instead of saline water. In severally affected areas bio-saline agriculture should be promoted to mitigate ill-effects of salinity hazardous. Cropping pattern and crop varieties should be fairly modified to produce those crops in sensitive areas which are salinity resistant.

[Rehman A, Saleem M, Khan MB, Tariq A, sattar A. Quality of groundwater for irrigation in Tehsil Vehari of District Vehari, Punjab Pakistan. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):1-5]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.01.

Keywords: Groundwater quality, Water analysis, EC, SAR, RSC, Vehari district

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Effect of Soil Chemical Components on Their Mechanical Properties under Different Loads, Marsa Alam City, Red Sea Coast, Egypt

Kenawi M. A. ¹ and Mohamed M. Badry ²

¹ Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sohag University, Egypt.

²Consultant in the Field of Applied Geology and Geotechnical Testing Of Soil, Egypt.

mm.badry@yahoo.com; mkenawi2@yahoo.com

Abstract: In recent years, there has been worldwide interest for problematic soils which may cause engineering problems when these soils are located under foundations. These soils are found in abundance in the semi-arid regions of tropical and temperate climate zones as in Marsa Alam city, where annual evaporation exceeds precipitation. This work is a trail to discuss the geotechnical characteristics of some different types of sedimentary rocks in Marsa Alam city which lie on the south of red sea coast at Egypt. To achieve this study, five samples of different soils and sedimentary rocks were chosen to evaluate their mechanical properties under different loads by using Oedometer apparatus. These soils are Evaporite, Claystone, Dolomitic Limestone, Marl and Conglomerate. Using X- Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, mineralogical data of samples were investigated. Using X- Ray Fluorescence (XRF), chemical data indicated that the collected samples possess different types of major elements according to the kind of sample where the cations of elements play an important role in the reaction of water with soils. When water molecules, being dipoles, they are adsorbed both to the surface of the crystals lattice and to the cations. Petrographic properties were carried out in order to define the mineralogical composition, texture and hence rock type by using Polarizing Microscope. The Atterberg limits (liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index) were carried out only for samples that contain appreciable amounts of clay such as Claystone and Marl. According to the results of the study, the designers can expect the geotechnical behavior of different types of soil under different loads to avoid hazards of problematic soils in foundations of different constructions or these found as sub-grad under pavement layers of roads.

[Kenawi M. A. and Mohamed M. Badry. Effect of Soil Chemical Components on Their Mechanical Properties under Different Loads, Marsa Alam City, Red Sea Coast, Egypt. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):6-14]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.02.

Key words: Problematic soil, Claystone, Marl, Evaporite, Dolomitic Limestone, Conglomerate

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Oxytocine Counteracts insulin resistance, improves dyslipidemia and acts as anti-inflammation in rats on high fat diet

Atef M. Abood^1,2 and Ebtisam A. Al-ofi¹

¹Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Branch of Sulaymaniyah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

²Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Emails: e.alofi@gmail.com

Abstract: High fat diet is heavily incriminated in obesity and related insulin resistance, type2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Oxytocin is lately reported to decrease body weight and regulate glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of oxytocin in metabolic disruption in rats on high fat diet (HFD). Experimental procedures included measurement of body mass index (BMI), blood glucose, serum insulin and basal and insulin-treated glucose uptake by the diaphragm and epididymal fat. Assays of serum triglycerides, and total cholesterol: LDL-C and HDL-C Plasma free fatty acids; as well as serum IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α cytokines were performed. Western Blots were done for IRS-1 and IRS-2 in epididymal fat and diaphragm. HFD rats showed significantly higher blood glucose, serum insulin and significantly lower glucose uptake by diaphragm and epididymal fat. There were also significant increase in plasma lipids and pro-inflammatory cytokines from HFD. Moreover, IRS-1 and IRS-2 were significantly decreased. These metabolic disorders however, were reversed in HFD when oxytocin was supplemented. Thus, oxytocin employsa protective mechanismin insulin sensitive tissues which act against metabolic disorders induced by HFD. Further experiments are required to explore these defensive mechanisms.

[Atef M. Abood and Ebtisam A. Al-ofi. Oxytocine Counteracts insulin resistance, improves dyslipidemia and acts as anti-inflammation in rats on high fat diet. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):15-22]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.03.

Keywords: High fat diet, Rats, Oxytocin, Insulin-resistance, dyslipidemia, Pro-inflammatory

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Islamic Treatment (IT) as Herbal Treatment (HT) and panacea for drug addiction problem--- A study from Malaysia

Mohd Syukri Yeoh Abdullah ¹, Muammar Ghaddafi bin Hanafiah ², Mohammad Hannan Mia ¹

^1. Institute of Malay World & Civilization (ATMA), The National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.

^2. Pusat Penyelidikan Bitara Melayu (BAYU), The National University of Malaysia, Malaysia

Telephone: 006-03-89213645; Mobile: 006 014 92 92 3 94; E-mail: dr.hanan@ukm.edu.my

Abstract: Herbal Treatment (HT) as Islamic Treatment (IT) is panacea for drug addiction problem in Malaysia. It can take a method of health care in most countries of the world for treating the addicts as well. It is expected to become more widely into the newfangled radical system including the perception of newfangled panacea (HT) for drug addiction problem in Malaysia as IT to be practiced. More than 70% of poor countries’ population still depends mostly on it. In areas away from cities, cultural beliefs and practices often lead to self-care, home fixes (for drug addiction problems) or discussion with traditional healers. Herbal treatment (HT) for curing drug addiction problem in Malaysia can be broadly classified into four basic systems as follows: Traditional Malay Herbalism, (ancient panacea (HT) for curing drug addiction problem in Malaysia. Asian Herbalism which from India and Pakistan through all over the world for curing drug addiction problem in Malaysia. There is no doubt that today the idea of traditional herbal treatment (HT) for curing drug addiction problem in Malaysia is a part of newfangled life in Asia. It is enjoying worldwide respect, with growing interest among traditional herbalists and the scientific community. Expertized have shown amazing and interesting success in healing sudden and short-term as well as long lasting (drug addiction) and have been experienced by people in most countries of the Asian who have faith in (related to religion or the soul) healers. Religion is the first choice for dealing with drug addiction. Together conducted issues of the research are of effectiveness as well as traditional uses. More research is therefore needed to understand this type of panacea (HT) for curing drug addiction problem in Malaysia and secured of its safe usage. The present study will discuss the status of traditional treatment (TT) for curing drug addiction problem in Malaysia especially herbal treatment (HT). The effectiveness of specific herbal treatment for drug addiction problem has taken into action as permanent basis.

[Mohd Syukri Yeoh Abdullah, Muammar Ghaddafi bin Hanafiah, Mohammad Hannan Mia. Islamic Treatment (IT) as Herbal Treatment (HT) and panacea for drug addiction problem--- A study from Malaysia. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):23-27]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.04.

Keywords: Herbal Treatment (HT), panacea, Islamic Treatment (IT), Traditional Treatment (TT), Islamic Treatment as Herbal (ITH), Drug Addiction, Malaysia.

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Identification of forensically important beetles on exposed human corpse in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Layla A.H. Al-shareef¹ and Mammdouh K. Zaki²

¹Faculty of Science-Al Faisaliah, King Abdulaziz University, Ministry of Education, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

²Forensic Medicine Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Layladr@hotmail.com, mklz@hotmail.com

Abstract: This study described beetle species attracted to an exposed human corpsein the decomposition stage between advanced decay and skeletal. The corpse was found during summer season in Jeddah city, the west region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Two families of Coleoptera were detected to colonize the corpse, they were Dermestidae represented by Dermestes frischii and Cleridae including Necrobia rufipes. The collected stages of beetles were described and photographed. The present work is the first documentation of these two species of beetles on human corpse for Jeddah city, kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

[Layla A. Al-shareef and Mammdouh K. Zaki Identification of forensically important beetles on exposed human corpse in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):28-38]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.05.

Key words: forensic entomology, Jeddah, beetles, Dermestes frischii, Necrobia rufipes.

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Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry

Hany I. Ragy¹, Ghada A. Kazamel¹, Mohamed Sleem¹, Khaled El Tohamy¹, Mohamed Helmy¹, Basem Zarif¹, Medhat M. Elsayed¹, Hisham Sleem¹, Ahmed Magdy¹, Magid Alabbadi¹, Farid M. El Gendy¹, Tarek Abd El Ghafar¹, Abdelkader A. Elbakery¹, Waleed Abass²

¹Cardiology Department, National Heart Institute, Egypt

² Cardio Surgery Department, National Heart Institute, Egypt

ghada_kazamel@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: There is sparse Egyptian data in the modern era of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) care, we attempted at obtaining a registry of ACS patients for one year at Egypt’s National Heart Institute, the country’s largest public cardiology hospital, the aim of the study was to evaluate both contemporary Egyptian ACS patient’s demographics and current management practices and patient outcomes. Patients and methods: Valid data for 886 patients admitted as in patients in the period from 1/6/2011 till 31/12/2012, 656 (74%) males and 230 (26%) females. 482 (54.4%) were admitted with STEMI, and 404 (45.6%) other ACS (NSTEMI and UA). Of the 482 STEMI patients, 373 (42%) were males and 109 (12%) were females. Of the other ACS patients, 283 (31%) were males and 121 (13.6%) were females, the mean age of the entire group was 54.7 (range 24-92)). there were 484 (54.6%) current smokers; diabetes mellitus was present in 375 patients (42.3%); hypertension in 348 patients (39.3%); dyslipidemia was reported by 31% of patients on admission but routine, in-hospital lipid sampling showed that in reality 540 patients (60.9%) were dyslipidemic; 267 patients (30.1%) were obese (BMI above or equal to 30). Results: Thrombolytic therapy was used in 264 out of 482 STEMI patients (54.7%), Coronary angiography and PPCI was used in 180 of 482 STEMI patients (37%) and 46 out of 404 other ACS patients (11%). There were also 39 rescue PCI (14.7%) of the 264 patients who initially received thrombolytic therapy, 38 STEMI patients did not receive neither thrombolytic nor PCI (7.8%) due to either late presentation and stable condition in 16 patients and inconclusive ECGs in 22 patients, 867 out 886 patients survived to hospital discharge (97.9%) and 19 patients died in hospital (2.1%). Conclusion: Patients are younger than international registries, there is underutilization of PPCI even in hospitalized patients who arrive on time, Streptokinase thrombolysis remains the dominant revascularization strategy, NSTEMI patients rarely receive early invasive therapy during the index hospitalization, and only for the most hemodynamically unstable. The revascularization numbers have improved compared to older studies, with an in hospital mortality of 2.1% for the entire patient cohort and 4.5% in hospital mortality for the PCI group (PPCI, PCI for NSTEMI and rescue PCI).

[Hany I. Ragy, Ghada A. Kazamel, Mohamed Sleem, Khaled El Tohamy, Mohamed Helmy, Basem Zarif, Medhat M. Elsayed, Hisham Sleem, Ahmed Magdy, Magid Alabbadi, Farid El M. El Gendy, Tarek Abd El Ghafar, Abdelkader A. Elbakery, Waleed Abass. Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):39-44]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.06.

Keywords: ACS, risk factors

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Prospective, randomized study of tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheter removal and delayed insertion, versus guidewire exchange to treat catheter related blood stream infection

Hossam M. Saleh, MD.¹ and Hesham Abouellail MD. ²

¹Vascular Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

²Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

hosamsaleh2003@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Among the various approaches to management of CRBSI, removal and delayed insertion, or catheter exchange over a guidewire. The aim of this trial was to compare the clinical outcomes of these two approaches. Methods: We prospectively analyzed the outcomes of all cases of tunneled dialysis CRBSI during a 5-year period. The infection-free survival time of the subsequent catheter was evaluated in two groups of patients. Results: The infection-free survival time of the replacement catheter was similar for the two groups (P = 0.69). Conclusions: Exchange of the infected tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheter over a guidewire is equally effective to catheter removal and delayed insertion in treatment of CRBSI, in addition to saving veins for future access.

[Hossam M. Saleh and Hesham Abouellail. Prospective, randomized study of tunneled cuffed hemodialysis catheter removal and delayed insertion, versus guidewire exchange to treat catheter related blood stream infection. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):45-49]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.07.

Keywords: catheter related bacteremia, Hemodialysis catheter, infection free survival

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Summarizing Documents with the Aid of a Knowledge Repository

Abdullah Bawakid

Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

abawakid@uj.edu.sa

Abstract: This paper describes the problem of information expansion and highlights the need for a knowledge repository that can aid processing information in the field of Natural Language Processing. The focus of this paper is on automatic text summarization. We described the reasons behind our choice of using Wikipedia as a knowledge base. We illustrated how it was pre-processed to make it usable for the task of summarization. Additionally, we explained how it is possible to derive a term concepts vector and why it is useful for the task we have at hand. Also included are the general design steps that were taken into account when building the system and how it was implemented.

[Bawakid A. Summarizing Documents with the Aid of a Knowledge Repository. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):50-53]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.08.

Keywords: Knowledge repository; Documents Summarization; Extraction

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A priority based model to increase TCP throughput over WSN

Mohammad Mehdi Hassani

Department of computer engeeniring, Islamic azad university, ayatollah amoli branch, amol, Iran

Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a popular wireless technologies to access the internet and growth of using TCP/IP model indicates many applications is supported by TCP to connect mobile nodes over wireless links. Development of new wireless networks like wireless sensor networks makes it essential to improve TCP's Performance. TCP is initially developed for wired networks where each packet loss is assumed to be due to congestion. TCP are lead to performance degradation in WSN where such environment imposes packet loss due to error prone channels and node mobility. TCP works on the assumptions that each packet loss is the sign of congestion. However packet losses are due to many reasons likes' poor resources, random bit error rate, poor channel bandwidth and noisy channels and node mobility in wireless sensor networks. In presence of these unique characteristics of wireless sensor network, TCP performs poorly in WSN, because it treats every packet loss is as a result of congestion. TCP invokes congestion avoidance algorithm and decreases its transmission rates by reducing congestion window. In this paper, a simulation based performance analysis is presented in the term of TCP throughput. The throughput decay of TCP are evaluated in wireless sensor networks and discuss about problem which causes this degradation. The proposed model modify TCP congestion detection module which packet losses due high bit error rate of wireless link should be distinguished from packet losses across congestion. It evaluated by simulated results and throughput enhancement verified by NS2.

[Mohammad Mehdi Hassani. A priority based model to increase TCP throughput over WSN. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):54-57]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.09.

Keywords: wireless sensor networks, TCP, throughput

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Effects Of A Computer Aided Instructional Method On Students’ Performance In Agriculture: A Quasi Experimental Case Study

Dichepi Sebeso¹ (MSc Ag Edu), Hulela, K.² (PhD), Tapela Bulala² (MEdu)

¹Tonota College P/Bag T3, Tonota. Botswana

²Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Agricultural Economics, Education and Extension. Private Bag 0027, Gaborone. Botswana

Contact: khulela@bca.bw, hulelaunami@yahoo.com

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of Computer Aided Instructional method (CAI) on improving students’ performance in agriculture for primary schools. A quasi-experimental design was used to study the effectiveness of Computer Aided Instruction (CAI) on improving students’ performance. Data collected were in the form of students marks recorded as results of teaching the classes using the CAI and views regarding the technology used to deliver classroom instruction. The study revealed that CAI had significant effect on students’ performance, the results showed the observed mean difference of -12.12500 at the value of t was -5.008 at P<.005, the mean difference of -12.12500 between the pre-test sores and the post test scores in the experimental group was statistically significant. Therefore, it can be inferred that the computer aided instructional method of teaching had an effect on the performance of primary school kids in agriculture.

[Dichepi Sebeso, Hulela, K., Tapela Bulala. Effects Of A Computer Aided Instructional Method On Students’ Performance In Agriculture: A Quasi Experimental Case Study. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):58-64]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.10.

Keywords: Agriculture, Computer Aided Instruction, students’ performance, CD-ROM

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Dual synergistic actions of silver nanoparticles with natural products on Ochratoxin A production

Abdel Ghany TM^1,2, Kasem W T^1,2, M.A. Nabih¹, Ahmed S. Mabrouk¹

¹Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, KSA.

² Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Corresponding Email: tabdelghany@yahoo.com

Abstract: Recently, the utilization of fungi has emerged as a novel method for the synthesis of nanoparticles. In this study we report the extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using Alternaria alternata as an alternative to chemical procedures and to evaluate its antimycotoxigenic activity. Synergistic effects of combined AgNPs and plant extract as well as cinnamon oil to obtain dual synergistic actions in order to decrease the Ochratoxin A (OTA) production. Production of OTA has been decreased with increasing applied AgNPs concentration in growth medium. Different concentrations of Juniperus procera extract were added to 50 ppm of AgNPs. Complete inhibition of OTA was observed at high concentration of J. procera extract with50 ppm of AgNPs.On the other hand using low concentration of Adenium obesum, inhibition of OTA production not affected but the addition of AgNPs showed better enhancing for antiochratoxigenic productivity. Cinnamon essential oil showed inhibitory action toward OTA in production and their action was enhanced with the addition of AgNPs. Hence, advanced and further investigations are required for direct treatment grains and feeds by AgNPs with plant extract or essential oil considering their toxic doses to avoid health hazard.

[Abdel Ghany TM, Kasem W T, M.A. Nabih, Ahmed S. Mabrouk. Dual synergistic actions of silver nanoparticles with natural products on Ochratoxin A production. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):65-71]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.11. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.11.

Key words: Synergistic actions, silver nanoparticles, natural products, Ochratoxin A

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Assessment of the Adoption of Improved Agricultural Technologies among Cassava Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria

 Oluwatusin, Femi Michael* and Adesakin, Moyinoluwa Folaranmi

Department of Agricultural Economics & Extension Services, Ekiti State University

P. M.B 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

*E-mail: femi.oluwatusin@eksu.edu.ng

Abstract: The cultivation of cassava as one of the most important staple food crops in Nigeria needs to be enhanced by the use of Improved Agricultural Technologies (IATs). This study was conducted to assess the level of adoption of improved agricultural technologies among the cassava growers in Ondo State. Also, the factors influencing the adoption rate were determined. Random sampling method was employed to select 180 cassava farmers and with a well structured questionnaire, information on their socio-economic characteristics and farming activities were collected. The data were analysed with both descriptive statistics and tobit regression model. The results revealed that the mean age of the farmers was 41 years while 74.4 percent were men. Most (74.4%) of the respondents were married with the mean household size of 5 persons. Also, 87.8 percent had formal education while 66.7 percent were landowners. The mean farming experience was 10 years while 57.8 percent cultivated less than 4 hectares of land. Most (55.6%) of the farmers did not belong to any association while 60 percent had no access to credit facilities. About 63 percent used selective herbicides in controlling weeds in their farms while 64.9 percent adopted between 1 and 4 IATs. In addition, 86.7 percent of the respondents were not adequately visited by extension agents. The results revealed that the main determinants of the adoption rate of IATs among the cassava farmers were, age, household size, educational level, farming experience, tenancy status and organization membership. The study recommended that agricultural extension agents should intensify efforts in disseminating information on IATs to cassava farmers.

[Oluwatusin, Femi Michael and Adesakin, Moyinoluwa Folaranmi. Assessment of the Adoption of Improved Agricultural Technologies among Cassava Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):72-79]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.12.

Keywords: Technology, Cassava, Adoption, Improved, Agriculture.

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Efficiency of the new SRAP and TRAP markers to detect the banana somaclonal variants

Abdelhamid A. El-Shahed ⁽¹⁾, Kamal F. Abdellatif ^{(2) *}, Ibrahim A. Ibrahim ⁽²⁾, A. M Mohamed ⁽³⁾, Inas Z. Abdelsalam ⁽¹⁾ and Osama A. Elsehrawy ⁽¹⁾

⁽¹⁾ Env. Sust. Dev. Manag. Dept.; Env. Stud. Res. Inst. (ESRI) Univ. Sadat City, Egypt.

⁽²⁾ Plant Biotech. Dept., Gen. Eng. Biotech. Res. Inst. (GEBRI), Univ. Sadat City, Egypt.

⁽³⁾ Agric. Res. Center., Giza, Egypt.

^* Corresponding Author email: kamal2004gr@yahoo.com

Abstract: Screening of micropropagated banana (Musa spp.) cv. Grand Naine for somaclonal variants was carried out in the open field. The total detected variants were 26 somaclones (in addition to the normal plant) and were grouped into eight groups according to their morphological and yield characteristics. Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) and Target Region Amplified Polymorphism (TRAP) techniques were used to study the differences among banana cv. Grand Naine and 26 somaclonal variants of the cultivar. SRAP markers amplified 1463 fragments while 841 fragments were resulted from TRAP markers. The somaclones “double bunching from peduncle”, “Giant plant” and “weak plant” somaclones were clustered with Grand Naine according to SRAP markers while “empty peduncle”, “horizontal bunch” and “angled bunch” somaclones clustered with Grand Naine using TRAP markers. According to principal coordinate analysis with SRAP markers, “pale green”, “black”, “wavy margins”, “double bunch from stem” and “vertical upward bunch” segregated from other variants; whereas, “pale green”, “black” and “vertical upward bunch” segregated from other variants using TRAP marker data. Although these markers were able to distinguish some of the somaclones derived from micropropagation of Grand Naine, additional markers would be needed to identify mutations generation during tissue culture propagation of banana.

[Abdelhamid A. El-Shahed, Kamal F. Abdellatif, Ibrahim A. Ibrahim, A. M Mohamed, Inas Z. Abdelsalam and Osama A. Elsehrawy. Efficiency of the new SRAP and TRAP markers to detect the banana somaclonal variants. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):80-89]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.13.

Keywords: Banana, SRAP, TRAP, Cluster analysis, PCOORDA, Genetic diversity

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Improving Water Resistance Property of Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF)

Waheed Gul ¹, Muhammad Sadiq ², Afzal Khan ², Abdul Shakoor ², Jawad Shah ¹

^1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cecos University of IT & Emerging Sciences, Phase 6 Hayatabad Peshawar 25000, Pakistan

^2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan

waheed@cecos.edu.pk

Abstract: Water resistance is a very important physical property of Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF). Urea Formaldehyde (UF) resin is used as a binder with fibers during Manufacturing of MDF. UF resin is easily soluble in water, having fast rate of reaction but has a poor water resistance. So there need to be modification of UF resin. This research investigates to analyze the UF resin to improve water resistance properties of MDF. The Melamine resin and Basic Green (Malachite Green) 4 crystal were introduced into UF resin separately to improve its water resistance properties. In both cases the water resistance properties were improved. Also economic analysis was carried out for both additives and finally it was concluded that Melamine is not only improved water resistance properties but also economically feasible. The addition of the Melamine has represented in an improved quality of MDF with strong mechanical adhesion, and water resistance. For example the mechanical adhesion (which is called internal bond) was increased by 5 %, and the Water resistance was increased by 15 %.

[Waheed Gul, Muhammad Sadiq, Afzal Khan, Abdul Shakoor, Jawad Shah. Improving Water Resistance Property of Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF). Life Sci J 2017;14(3):90-96]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 14. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.14.

Keywords: water resistance; UF resin; Melamine resin; Mechanical adhesion; Malachite Green

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Glaucoma Experimental Induction in Rabbits New Zealand

Romero Núñez C^1*, Reyes Clímaco L¹, Campos García Rojas C², Pineda Cruz J¹, Mendoza Barrera GE³, Mendoza Barrera EA⁴, Bautista Gómez LG¹, Hernández García PA¹, Heredia Cardenas R⁵

¹University Center UAEM Amecameca, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, State of Mexico, Mexico. ²General Hospital of Mexico. D.F., Mexico. ³Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, D.F., Mexico. ⁴Ophthalmological South S.A. de C.V., D.F., México. ⁵Doctorate in Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico.

E-mail: cromeron@uaemex.mx

Abstract: Three methods of induction were compared of glaucoma experimentally in rabbits based on the increase of the pressure intraocular (PEEP) and macrocospic changes (edema, atrophy). Males of race used 15 rabbits New Zealand with an average weight of 2.730 kg, divided in three treatments with five repetitions, to which they administered the following solutions; T1: viscoelastic (hyaluronate of sodium), T2: phenol in oil of almond and T3: erythrocytes, in the previous chamber of the left eye, using the right eye as witness. The period of follow-up was carried out at 9:00 and 19:00 hours for ten days. With regard to the PIO there were no differences between the procedures of induction, not in the schedules of measurement (P < 0.05). The treatment based on phenol in oil of almond, produced major problems and disabled significantly the percentage of rabbits that presented reflection pupilar (P < 0.05). The blindness associated with the problems of edema and atrophy (P < 0.01), but not to the pressure intraocular. None of the evaluated procedures I manage to induce the glaucoma.

[Romero Núñez C, Reyes Clímaco L, Campos García Rojas C, Pineda Cruz J, Mendoza Barrera GE, Mendoza Barrera EA, Bautista Gómez LG, Hernández García PA, Heredia Cardenas R. Glaucoma Experimental Induction in Rabbits New Zealand. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):97-100]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 15. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.15.

Key words: rabbits; glaucoma; intraocular pressure; hyaluronate of sodium; erythrocytes.

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The relationship between isosorbide mononitrate and apoptosis in the rat brain cells with insulin resistance

Kai Qi¹, Huihui Wang², Chenguang Tian³

¹Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan 450014, China

² The Second People’s Hospital of Jiaozuo City

³ Corresponding Author: Chenguang Tian，Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jingba Road, Henan 450003, China.

tcg90123@163.com

Abstract: Objective: To observe the apoptosis-promoting effects and its mechanism of Isosorbide mononitrate on the rat brain cell with insulin resistance. Methods: 40 male Wistar (W) rats, 14 week-old, each of them was respectively or jointly fed with normal diet, high fat and high glucose diet（HFHG）, normal saline（NS）and ISMN. They were randomly divided into normal & NS group（Control）, HFHG & NS group（HFHG）, normal & ISMN group（ISMN ） and HFHG & ISMN group（UNITED）, with 10 rats in each group. After 12 weeks, blood samples were taken by carotid artery intubation to assess serum levels of the fasting plasma glucose and insulin. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The brain tissue of each rat was cut to 4 pieces, and TUNEL staining was performed to examine the level of neuronal apoptosis, PCR or Western-blotting was used to determine the levels of NO, iNOS, Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA including their protein expression. Results: 1. The mean levels of NO, iNOS and Bax mRNA including its protein in the groups fed with HFHG and /or ISMN were higher than that of the control group, while bcl-2 mRNA and its protein were lower (p<0.05); 2. The NO level of the rat brain tissue was correlated with HOMA-IR in the HFHG group and the HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with NO level in the ISMN group (p<0.05). Conclusions: 1. ISMN can induce rat brain cell apoptosis of all the groups with treatment of ISMN, and IR aggravates the apoptosis. 2. There is a mutual induction between IR and NO in the process of apoptosis; 3. Protective effect or toxic effect of NO is dependent on the generating ways and the quantity of its.

[Kai Qi, Huihui Wang, Chenguang Tian. The relationship between isosorbide mononitrate and apoptosis in the rat brain cells with insulin resistance. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):101-107]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 16. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.16.

Keywords：Isosorbide mononitrate；Nitric oxide synthase；Insulin resistance；Brain cell apoptosis

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Modeling Cardiac Status: Implications of Cardiovascular Disease

¹Teng, Junyan, ² Fengming Su, ³Zhiping Guo, ⁴Yanping Wei, ⁵Jing Wang, ⁶Shen Cherng

¹ Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Provincial, Zhengzhou City, Henan, China

² Emergency Medical Rescue center of Zhengzhou City, Zhengzhou City, Henan, China

^3* Orthopedic Institute of Henan Provincial, Zhengzhou City, Henan, China

⁴ Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou City, Henan, China

⁵ Jinling Hospital，Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

⁶ESTI Healthcare Research Institute, New York, USA

Email: guozhiping74@hotmail.com

Abstract: Cardiac status can be described through spectral diagnostics tests. An easy noninvasive way to get the cardiac status is to conduct ECG test or echocardiography test. However, ECG test may not get the cardiac status accurate enough and echocardiography test is too time consuming and complicate. In this study, we proposed an assessment model for figuring cardiac status by blood pressure pattern (BPP) analysis which can accurately provide the cardiac status via the measurement of upper left arm brachial artery blood pressure of the patient.

[ Teng, Junyan, Fengming Su, Zhiping Guo, Yanping Wei, Jing Wang, Shen Cherng. Modeling Cardiac Status: Implications of Cardiovascular Disease. Life Sci J 2017;14(3):108-111]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17. doi:10.7537/marslsj140317.17.

Keywords: cardiac status, ECG, blood pressure pattern

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