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The relationship between Helicobacter pylori associated gastric pathology and bacterial load

Noha Abouseada¹*, Manal M Baddour¹, Nahed Baddour², WalaaMostafa¹, Yosri Taher³, Ahmed F Mahmoud ⁴

¹Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University.

²Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University.

³ Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University.

⁴Paediatric gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University.

noha.abouseada@alexmed.edu.eg, manal.baddour@alexmed.edu.eg, nahedbaddour@yahoo.com, drwalaa.wassal@yahoo.com, yosritaher2000@gmail.com, fouad_ped@yahoo.com 

Abstract: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) is the most common chronic human bacterial infection, affecting up to 50% of the world’s population. An accurate and reproducible technique for the detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) DNA within the gastric mucosa is needed. In this study, we examined a quantitative real-time PCR assay to determine the levels of H. pylori, and correlated the results with the histopathological changes. The severity of the inflammatory changes were correlated with the presence of the virulence factor CagA. H. pylori DNA load was estimated by real-time PCR. Conventional PCR was used to identify the CagA gene. Histopathological microscopic examination was done for grading of gastritis according to the updated Sydney classification. Six histopathological parameters were studied; severity and depth of inflammatory response, presence or absence of activity, glandular atrophy, the presence or absence of lymphoid aggregates, and gastric eosinophilia. A correlation study was done between quantity of H. pylori DNA and various histopathological parameters of gastritis. There was an overall significant correlation between quantity of H. pylori DNA and the severity of histopathological parameters of gastritis. There was a significant correlation between age and bacterial load of H. pylori as well as a positive correlation between CagA and severity of inflammation.

[Noha Abouseada, Manal M Baddour, Nahed Baddour, WalaaMostafa, Yosri Taher, Ahmed F Mahmoud. The relationship between Helicobacter pylori associated gastric pathology and bacterial load. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):1-8]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.01.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, chronic inflammation, real-time PCR, CagA

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Anaplastic intraventricular oligodendrogliomas masquerading as hemorrhagic stroke

Ailing Guo^1,2, Xiaoyang Zhang², Fuyou Guo²

1 Department of surgery teaching, the First Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.

2 Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China.

E-mail address: chyou666@hotmail.com

Abstract: Spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage caused by anaplastic oligodendrogliomas is extremely rare. Here, we reported an uncommon anaplastic IVO involved in the trigone of right lateral ventricle masquerading as hemorrhagic stroke. A 37-year old man suffered sudden onset severe headache, vomitting, he had developed progressively worsening in consciousness at a community hospital. Then this patient underwent subtotal resection with a good recovery, the initial presentation of intraventricular hemorrhagic stroke caused from uncommon anaplastic IVO, although relatively infrequent, the presence of an occult neoplasm causing a intraventricular hemorrhage needs to be emphasized.

[Ailing Guo, Xiaoyang Zhang, Fuyou Guo. Anaplastic intraventricular oligodendrogliomas masquerading as hemorrhagic stroke. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):9-12]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.02.

Key words: Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, Intraventricular system, Hemorrhagic stroke

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Screening of Taxol, an Anticancer Drug produced from Pestaloptiopsis stellata isolated from Ficus infectoria

Vidhya Doss ^a,*, Kathiravan Govindharajan^b, Dhivya Ravichandran

^aResearch Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117

^bAssistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117

*Corresponding Author: D. Vidhya, Research scholar, Department of Biotechnology, Vels University, Pallavaram Chennai- 600117. E-mail dvidhya25@gmail.com

Abstract: A taxol producing fungus from Pestalotiopsis stellata was isolated from Ficus infectoria and screened for the production of Taxol. The Taxol isolated from these fungi is biologically active against cancer cell lines and is also spectroscopically identical to authentic Taxol. In order to lower the price of Taxol and market it more available, a fermentation process involving a microorganism would be the most desirable means of supply. The fungus was identified based on the morphology and spore characterization. Secondary metabolites were extracted using Dichloromethane. Taxol extracted from secondary metabolites was characterized by spectral analysis and chromatographic techniques. The λmax for the authentic Taxol is observed at 274 nm with the absorbance at 3.8nm, similarly λmax for the sample Taxol found at 274 nm range with variation in the absorbance at 1.8nm. Spectral data confirms the presence of alkyl groups attached to the aromatic ring with the side chain containing unsaturation hydrocarbons like alkene/ alkyne groups and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed the yield of 0.044µg/L amount of Taxol produced from the Pestalotiopsis stellata. The bio prospecting of endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis stellata isolated from Ficus infectoria is discussed may serve as a potential material for the production of Taxol.

[Vidhya Doss, Kathiravan Govindharajan, Dhivya Ravichandran. Screening of Taxol, an Anticancer Drug produced from Pestaloptiopsis stellata isolated from Ficus infectoria. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):13-21]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.03.

Keywords: Fungal Taxol, Pestalotiopsis stellata, HPLC

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The Role of the Medical Social Worker in the Care of Patients with Kidney Failure

Ayed bin Saad Al-Shahrani ¹, Mohamed said Abd Elmageed Ibrahim ²

^1. Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Arts & Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

^2. Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Arts & Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

m_said1971@hotmail.com, mebrahim@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: The problem of the study is determined in the discussion and analysis of the roles of the social worker's medical care of patients with kidney failure in light of the increasing importance of the role of the social worker in the care of patients with chronic diseases, led by kidney failure, and in light of the vision of modern menu to look at the work of the social worker in a holistic manner as part of a team hospital which includes doctors, nurses, a physiotherapist... Etc., this group exists to help patients to get the maximum benefit of treatment methods and adapt to their environment and their social environment. It is also the role of the medical social worker with the patient's renal failure is important on several axes, psychological, social and family, which deals with the patient through two self-and environmental It does multiple roles within the organization is acting as mentor and directed and defender of the rights of patients, and serves as the administrative coordinator for the termination of transactions for patients. And the aforementioned acts do not represent exclusively to raise as provided by the medical social worker, but are based upon the foundations to achieve the desired goal, which seeks to achieve a medical institution to provide the best service to the patients and to overcome any obstacles that can meet this goal. This study aims to identify the different roles played by the social worker in the medical care of patients with kidney failure, and how to increase the effectiveness of these roles contribute to the integrated treatment plan. This study belongs to the descriptive studies, and we adopted in data collection on the interview guide and focus group discussions.

[Ayed bin Saad Al-Shahrani, Mohamed said Abd Elmageed Ibrahim. The Role of the Medical Social Worker in the Care of Patients with Kidney Failure. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):22-33]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.04.

Keywords: Medical social work; Medical social worker; kidney failure

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Evaluation Of The Sensory Qualities Of Ready To Serve Blends Of Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Mill.)

Mirza Arslan Abid and Ms. Najma Yousaf Zahid

Department of Horticulture, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpinid Islamabad, Punjab, Pakistan.

*Corresponding author: arslanabid91@gmail.com

Abstract: Aloe vera has been used for its medicinal worth for several thousand years. Its use is also mention in the Bible where it was taken as the plant of immortality. The research was conducted at Department of Horticulture, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpinid, Punjab, Pakistan in year 2013-14. The main objectives of this study are to develop the economical Aloe drink using available resources and to evaluate the sensory properties of different blends of Aloe vera drink. The sensory qualities that were evaluated include color, taste, smell, appearance and feels. For each 200 ml of water, 14 g Aloe gel, 12.4 g Sugar, 3 Fresh mint leaves, 2 tbs of Fresh lemon juice and 0.37g of Ginger was used. The sensory qualities that were evaluated include color, taste, smell, appearance and feelings. The panelists were asked to record their observations and give marks to each parameter of different blends out of 10 on the sensory sheet. The most least liked Aloe blend was T4 that include Aloe gel, water, sugar and mint leaves. It was due to the strong smell and taste of mint leaves as mint leaves contain menthol. The overall acceptability of T8 was at the top as it contained complete blend of Aloe gel, mint leaves, fresh lemon juice and ginger. The potential of Aloe vera to be used in Food Industry and Pharmaceutical Industry has been increased. Aloe vera has many antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral active biological compounds which make it best for many disorders. An effort was made to make Aloe drink using the available resources and to develop awareness about its importance among the people.

[Mirza Arslan Abid and Ms. Najma Yousaf Zahid. Evaluation Of The Sensory Qualities Of Ready To Serve Blends Of Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Mill.). Life Sci J 2016;13(10):34-42]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.05.

Keywords: sensory qualities, pharmaceutical, immortality

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Effect of Bosentan and Losartan on Oxidative Stress and Cortisol levels in Endothelin-1 and Angiotensin II Treated Rats

Sarkawt Hamad Ameen Hamad^1*; Ismail Mustafa Maulood²; Almas MR Mahmud³

¹Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Soran University, Soran, Iraq; ^{2 and 3}Biology Department, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil,Iraq

*Corresponding author: sarkawt.hamad@soran.edu.iq

Abstract: The exact mechanism by which Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and Angiotensin II (Ang II), and their antagonists act in physiology are controversial subjects among researchers. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of bosentan and losartan on oxidative stress and serum cortisol levels. The present design included two experiments. The first one contains four groups: Group 1 saline infusion, Group 2, ET-1 infusion, Group 3, Bosentan + ET-1, and Group 4, Losartan + ET-1. The second experiment includes: Group 1, Saline infusion, Group 2, Ang II infusion, Group 3, Losartan + Ang II, and Group 4, Bosentan + Ang II. The results from the experiment I demonstrated that bolus infusion of losartan significantly decreased serum cortisol, while bosentan slightly reduced it versus ET-1. Beside in experiment II, bosentan could significantly decrease cortisol compared with Ang II. Neither losartan nor Ang II changed serum cortisol significantly in comparison with Ang II and saline groups. Furthermore, bosentan caused rising in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration compared to ET-1 infusion, but losartan slightly decreased it. MDA in Ang II infusion dramatically became high in comparison with saline infusion, and both losartan and bosentan non significantly returned it to the base line levels. Furthermore, serum glucose concentration clearly rose in losartan infusion, while bosentan did affect it significantly. Serum chloride in both bosentan and losartan significantly increased compared to ET-1. Both ET-1 and Ang II infusions for one hour led to increase Mg⁺⁺ concentration in concomitant with saline infusion, while bosentan and losartan did not change it as compared with ET-1 and Ang II, respectively. In conclusion: Both ET-1 and Ang II antagonists reduced cortisol levels, but they did not change lipid peroxidation marker as elevated by Ang II infusion. Interestingly, ET-1 and Ang II markedly could increase serum Mg⁺⁺ levels, but their antagonists did not return it to the normal levels.

[Sarkawt Hamad Ameen Hamad; Ismail Mustafa Maulood; Almas MR Mahmud. Effect of Bosentan and Losartan on Oxidative Stress and Cortisol levels in Endothelin-1 and Angiotensin II Treated Rats. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):43-49]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.06.

Keywords: ET-1; Ang II; Cortisol; Magnesium

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Bionomic studies of the Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Kermanshah Province, Western Iran

Seyed Hassan Moosa-Kazemi ¹*, Faranak Firoozfar ^2,3

*¹Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

² Department of public health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran

³Vector-borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran

E-mail: moosakazemi@sina.tums.ac.ir

Abstract: Ecological data are important in the vector control management of mosquitoes specially in tropical area. The aim of this study was to design of programs for future planning of mosquito control. This investigation was carried out to study the mosquito fauna and ecology in Kermanshah Provinces, western Iran, during May–June 2014. Mosquitoes were collected using the standard dipping and night mosquitoes landing catch methods. Five genera and 10 species of the subfamilies, Culicinae and Anopheline (Diptera: Culicidae) were collected, and morphologically identified including; Aedes vexans Meigen, Anopheles turkhudi Liston, An. superpictus Grassi, Culex hortensis Ficalbi, Cx. pipiens Linnaeus, Cx. mimeticus Noe, Cx. theileri Theobald, Culiseta longiareolata Macquart, and Cs. subochrea Edwards and Ochlerotatus caspius s.l. Pallas. In this study the Cx. theileri was predominant and comprised 10.68%, and 48.54% of larvae and adult collection, respectively. It is noteworthy that Aedes vexans and Ochlerotatus caspius s.l. had been recorded in Kermanshah, western Iran, high lighting the deficient knowledge of the fauna and distribution of Aedinae and Ochelotinae mosquitoes in this area.

[Seyed Hassan Moosa-Kazemi, Faranak Firoozfar. Bionomic studies of the Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Kermanshah Province, Western Iran. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):50-55]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.07.

Key words: Culicidae; Mosquito; Fauna; Ecology; Kermanshah; Iran.

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Decolorization and Degradation of Textile Wastewater by Gamma Irradiation in Presence of H₂O₂

M. A. Rahman Bhuiyan^1,3*;; Abu Shaid¹; M. A. Hossain²; Mubarak A. Khan³

¹Department of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur-1700, Bangladesh

²Department of Textile Engineering, Primeasia University, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

³Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. 3787, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

*= corresponding authors address: arahman@duet.ac.bd

Abstract: Gamma irradiation is a contemporary idea of textile wastewater treatment. The irradiation can decolorize and decompose the waste content satisfactorily. However the process efficiency can improve significantly by using hydrogen peroxide with wastewater during irradiation. The wastewater was collected from a knit dyeing industry, irradiated at 10kGy radiation dose with a dose rate 13 kGy/h in presence of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Then the change in pH and decoloration percentage, reduction of total suspended solids (TSS), five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD₅) and variation of chemical oxygen demand (COD) were investigated. It was found that colored wastewater become almost colorless due to the destruction of the chromophore group of the dye molecules by radiation. Smaller acidic organic compounds formed due to the fragmentation of larger dye molecules, resulting on the reduction of pH of irradiated water. Total suspended solids (TSS) were also reduced because of the degradation of the solid particles. The COD and BOD₅ values of irradiated wastewater also decreased significantly. However the COD values were found to increase in presence of H₂O₂ by dichromate method as it behaves as a reductant and oxidized by potassium dichromate resulting significant increment in COD reading.

[M. A. Rahman Bhuiyan;; Abu Shaid; M. A. Hossain; Mubarak A. Khan. Decolorization and Degradation of Textile Wastewater by Gamma Irradiation in Presence of H₂O₂. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):56-62]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.08.

Key words: Decolorization, degradation, gamma irradiation, reactive dye, textile wastewater, H₂O₂

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9

. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):63-70]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.09.

 Withdraw

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The Relationship between Eating Disorders with Body Dissatisfaction and the Quality of Life among Normal and Affected Females in Mahabad, Iran

Asyeh Roon,^a Leila Maleki ^b, Ahmad Esmaili^c

a M.A of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Urmia Branch, Uromia, Iran

.^*b MA Cognitive Science, Department of Psychology, Azerbaijan ShahidMadani University, Iran, Tabriz (Corresponding Author)

c. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanistic Science Maragheh University, Iran

Abstract: Eating disorders are syndromes characterized by severe disturbances in eating and excessive concern about body shape or weight. This field study was performed on a 200-member sample containing an equal number of women both with eating disorders and normal, selected based on convenience sampling method. The short form- 36 (SF-36) questionnaire and the Eating disorder inventory (EDI) were applied to measure the research variables. The data was analyzed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient. It was indicated that increased eating disorders contribute to higher body dissatisfaction and poorer quality of life. Separate studies on normal and affected women, also, indicated that eating disorders in affected women had a positive significant relationship with body dissatisfaction (r= 0/382) and an inverse relationship with their quality of life (r= - 0/263). In normal women, there was a positive significant relationship between eating disorder and body dissatisfaction (r= 0/534); however, no significant relationship was found between eating disorders and the quality of life (r= - 0/053).

[Asyeh Roon, Leila Maleki, Ahmad Esmaili. The Relationship between Eating Disorders with Body Dissatisfaction and the Quality of Life among Normal and Affected Females in Mahabad, Iran. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):71-76]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.10.

Key words: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, Body Dissatisfaction, Quality of Life

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Phenotypic Screening of Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for Metallo-Beta-Lactamase

Ejikeugwu Chika*¹, Duru Carissa², Iroha Ifeanyichukwu¹, Ugwu Malachy², Nwakaeze Emmanuel¹, Oguejiofor Benigna¹, Esimone Charles², Adikwu Michael³

¹Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

²Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B 5025, Awka, Nigeria

³University of Abuja, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria

ejikeugwu_chika@yahoo.com; +2348097684562

Abstract: Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) are carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamases which have the ability to hydrolyze and confer resistance to carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem) and other beta-lactam antibiotics; and they are an emerging public health problem among clinically important Gram negative organisms including P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii and the Enterobacteriaceae. A total of 99 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa from various clinical samples were bacteriologically analyzed in this study using eosin methylene blue (EMB) medium, MacConkey agar and cetrimide selective agar; and the isolates were re-characterized after collection using conventional microbiology techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility studies were carried out using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique as per the guideline of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). The production of metallo beta-lactamase (MBL) was phenotypically confirmed using the inhibitor-based assay. The test Gram negative bacteria showed varying rates of susceptibility to the test antibiotics. However, they were more resistant to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and ofloxacin. The P. aeruginosa isolates were completely susceptible to imipenem and meropenem. But some E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were found to be resistant to imipenem and meropenem. MBL production was phenotypically detected in 5 (12.5 %) isolates of E. coli, 6 (15.4 %) isolates of K. pneumoniae and 2 (10 %) isolates of P. aeruginosa isolates. Prompt and accurate detection of MBL-producing pathogens is crucial as this will help physicians to prescribe the proper therapy for affected patients. Rational use of available antibiotics in both the community and hospital environment is also essential to keeping resistant pathogens at bay, and preventing the emergence and spread of resistance in the hospital and community settings.

[Ejikeugwu Chika, Duru Carissa, Iroha Ifeanyichukwu, Ugwu Malachy, Nwakaeze Emmanuel, Oguejiofor Benigna, Esimone Charles, Adikwu Michael. Phenotypic Screening of Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for Metallo-Beta-Lactamase. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):77-82]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.11.

Keywords: Metallo-Beta-Lactamase, Multidrug Resistance; Enterobacteriaceae, Nosocomial Infection; Nigeria

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Field Study on Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) In Egypt

Zaki, A. A. M¹.; El-Said, H. M. ¹; Abd El-Aziz¹, A.; Iman, M. Bastawecy²; Shahira, A. Abd El-Wahab³ and El-Sayed, M. M¹.

¹Deptartment. of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University, Egypt

²Deptartment of Virology, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

³Deptartment. of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt

Iman_baz@yahoo.com

Abstract: Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a lymphoproliferative multisystemic fatal syndrome of many domestic and wild animals. The present study was conducted on animals of different species (cattle, buffalos and sheep). The clinical examination revealed high persistent fever, corneal opacity, mucoprulent oronasal discharges, mucosal lesions and ulcerative skin lesions. Examined sheep showed no clinical signs. Peripheral blood leukocytic (pb1) samples were collected for laboratory investigations. Semi nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay have been used. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed for the positive PCR products. Positive staining electron microscopy (EM) and histopathology were also performed. Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) DNA was detected in PBL of 25 animals (12 cattle, 2 buffaloes and 11 sheep). The phylogenetic analysis of the OvHV-2 PCR products revealed 100% identity with the OvHV-2 strains of Brazil, USA and India. The positive staining EM detected herpesviral particles. The histopathological examination showed pansystemic vasculitis with lymphocytic infiltration in lymphoid and non lymphoid organs.

[Zaki, A. A. M.; El-Said, H. M.; Abd El-Aziz, A.; Iman, M. Bastawecy; Shahira, A. Abd El-Wahab and El-Sayed, M. M. Field Study on Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) In Egypt. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):83-97]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.12.

Keywords: Malignant catarrhal fever, histopathology, electron microscopy, semi-nested PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Silver and Zinc Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using Elettaria cardamomum Fruits Extract in Western Ghats of India.

Dr. Kalaiarasan. A

Centre for Bioscience and Nanoscience Research, Coimbature, Tamil Nadu, India.

Corresponding Author: Email – myla_kalai@yahoo.com

Mobil no: +91 9943110536, 7092240630.

Abstract: Introduction: Elettaria cardamomum is one of the Indian export economically important roles of crops. As pest major constitute of plant. Now day’s medicinal plants is very important this is due as per world health organization estimates, the population of developing countries relies on trational medicines. The government of India established the development of Indian system of Ayurvedic and Homeopathy more recently the medicinal plants Board to develop promote and regulate the sector for maximizing benefits to the people as well as to ensure sustainable growth Tamilnadu has been at the forefront of Ayurvedic revolution in the country. The plant derived medicines have made large contributions to human health and well being many evidences gathered from earlier report which confirmed that the presence of phytoconstitutente in plants contribute medicinal properties. So in this present investigation of silver and zinc synthesized nanoparticles in Elettaria cardamomum fruits extract were tested for their antibacterial activity of human microorganisms. Methods: Green synthesized silver and zinc nanoparticles in Elettaria cardamomum fruits extract were tested for their antibacterial activity of Agar well diffusion method was performed as follows. Results: The present investigation of silver and zinc synthesized nanoparticles in Elettaria cardamomum fruits extract were tested for their antibacterial activity. The synthesized silver and zinc nanopartcle against express zone of inhibition Kilapsilla pineumoneae. Such as moderate high zone of inhibition Escherchia coli and Basilus subtilies. Most of tested nanoparticles exhibited moderate zone of inhibition. Few nanoprticles were found to exhibit or no activity against the tested human microorganisms. Conclusion: The most needed outcome of this research work will be the development of value-added products from Elettaria cardamomum seed for biomedical based industries, value-added food products industries, and Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological development laboratories.

[Kalaiarasan. A. Antimicrobial Activity of Silver and Zinc Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles Using. Elettaria cardamomum Fruits Extract in Western Ghats of India. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):98-102]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.13.

Key words: Elettaria cardamomum, Kilapsilla pineumoneae, Escherchia coli, Basilus subtilies, inhibition and microorganisms.

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An introduction to natural products and phytochemicals with special reference to its antimicrobial activity

Naseem Ullah, Farhat Ali Khan

Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan.

naseemktk80@yahoo.com

Abstract: This review describes the plants as sources of food and medicine in various parts of the worlds including the developed countries. It also includes their various uses in the traditional medicines followed by their applications in the ailments resulting from microbial infestations. This section also briefly glimpses the secondary metabolites that have been marked for their anti-infective potentials and their presumed mechanisms that are nearly the same as those of prevalent antibiotics.

[Naseem Ullah, Farhat Ali Khan. An introduction to natural products and phytochemicals with special reference to its antimicrobial activity. Life Sci J 2016;13(10):103-119]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 14. doi:10.7537/marslsj131016.14.

Keywords: natural product; phytochemical; antimicrobial activity; food; medicine

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