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Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma around Dental Implant for Rehabilitation of Combination Syndrome: Clinical Report

Seham B. Tayel¹, Ayman Al-Dharrab² and Lana A. Shinawi ²

¹Professor of Prosthodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia and Alexandria University, Egypt.

²Associate Professor of Oral and maxillofacial Prosthodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia

seham.tayel@yahoo.com

Abstract: A group of destructive changes may be encountered in constructing a single maxillary denture against mandibular teeth that is called a combination syndrome (CS). Recently the use of implants has a great impact on the prosthodontic treatment of the edentulous patient. The clinical case report was treated with a modern variation to the conventional clinical scenario. Most of attachment system for implant overdenture suffer from wear during insertion and removal as well as under functional load. The use of fewer implants in removable prosthesis provided the least patient satisfaction than the fixed prosthesis. The multidisciplinary approach of dental implant with various appropriate attachment design is necessary for CS patient and available management strategy should be applied to suit the need of the patient for rehabilitation either maxillary or mandibular arch with fixed prosthesis.

[Seham B. Tayel, Ayman Al-Dharrab and Lana A. Shinawi. Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma around Dental Implant for Rehabilitation of Combination Syndrome: Clinical Report. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):1-6]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.01

Key words: Diagnosis, Implant Prostheses, Combination syndrome

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The haemostatic and hemodynamic effects of Epinephrine in septoplasty

Ali Maeed Al-Shehri

Ali Maeed Al-Shehri, ENT Consultant and Associate Professor, College of Medicine, King Khalid University

P.O. Box 641, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

alimaeedalshehri@gmail.com; namas3@hotmail.com

Abstract: The aimed of this study was to compare 2 different concentration of adrenaline (epinephrine) on patients’ hemodynamic effect and intra-operative bleeding.  A prospective randomized double blind control study using 2 different concentrations of epinephrine was designed to observe hemodynamic and haemostatic changes during septoplasty and to observe any cardiac complications.  Sixty patients underwent elective septoplasty, age range between 21 and 70 years were enrolled in this study, started March 2013 to June 2014 and all done in Muhayl Hospital, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia by the same surgeon using the same technique and same anesthetist. Patients randomized to group 1 received 1:100 000 epinephrine (n=30 patients), and patients randomized to group 2 received 1:200 000 epinephrine (n=30 patients). Data of the patients’ parameters were collected during the procedure: HR, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). These parameters were monitored by the anesthesiologist throughout the procedure and were repeated at 1-minute intervals for 5 minutes.  Significant hemodynamic fluctuations were noted in group 1.  The increase was found to be significant (P<.001) in the first and second and third minutes after injection and decreased to baseline level by the 4th and 5th minutes, while in group 2 who received lidocaine, 2%, 1:200 000 epinephrine no changes noted. No statistical difference in the 2 groups was observed of intra-operative bleeding (P>.05).  The baseline hemodynamic parameters were similar in both groups (Table 1).  Table 2 summarizes the hemodynamic changes after injection of epinephrine. We concluded that the use of adrenaline 1:200,000 not cause hemodynamic effect or increase in intra-operative bleeding.

[Ali Maeed Al-Shehri. The haemostatic and hemodynamic effects of Epinephrine in septoplasty. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):7-9]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.02

Keywords: Epinephrine, Septoplasty, Hypertension

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A brief review on prevalence of antimicrobial residues and antimicrobial resistant bacteria isolated from food in Saudi Arabia

Mohammed S. Al-Mogbel¹, Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy^{1, 2}, Godfred A. Menezes³, Sheikh Afaq¹, Mushtaq A. Khan³

¹College of Public Health and Molecular Diagnostics and Personalised Therapeutics Unit (MDPTU), Hail University, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

²Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

³College of Applied Medical Sciences and MDPTU. Hail University, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

tharwat330@gmail.com

Abstract: Antibiotics are used in livestock production (food animals) not only for treatment and control of diseases but also as growth promoters. Antibiotics residues in meat/food have serious consequences for public health, it contributes to the development and/or transmission of resistant bacterial pathogens. Further, transfer of such pathogens threatens the effective prevention and treatment of bacterial infections. Ultimately, this can result in human infections caused by nearly pan-drug resistant bacteria, making it highly difficult to cure. WHO, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) have recognized the importance of antibiotic resistance, including in relation to food safety. This brief article tries to review the health impact of antibiotic residues and the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in food in Saudi Arabia.

[Mohammed S. Al-Mogbel, Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy, Godfred A. Menezes, Sheikh Afaq, Mushtaq A. Khan. A brief review on prevalence of antimicrobial residues and antimicrobial resistant bacteria isolated from food in Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):10-15]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.03

Key words: Antimicrobial residues; Antimicrobial resistant; ESBL; MDR

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Enrichment in OCA theory: Towards a Robust Model for Optimum Currency Area by Inclusion of Culture Criteria

Waqar Ahmad Gulzar

Department of Industrial Engineering, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

00966-503632416 (m); wahmed@kau.edu.sa

Stream: Optimum Currency Area (OCA)

Abstract: Human civilization has an inevitable link with money. Metaphorically, as tree contains leaves, a civilization has currency. Currency plays vital role in evolution of civilizations. During the process of human evolution the stage of transformation of barter system into currency system is regarded as the turning point. During the marathon of history at various milestones, nations kept trying to establish a single currency. The idea of a common regional currency was initially floated by Mundell in 1961. The concept was so prompt as well as useful that it triggered into the emergence of the European Union (EU) on November 1^st, 1993. The theory of Optimum Currency Area (OCA) turned into the focus of research and it went through a number of periods of achievements by various researchers in the years to follow. The present state of OCA theory is founded upon criteria having eight principles termed as; 1) Mobility factors regarding production including work, 2) Adaptability in price and wage, 3) Incorporation in the financial business sector, 4) The scale of monitory openness, 5) The expansion tendency in production and consumption, 6) Common trends in inflation rates, 7) Fiscal integration, and 8) Political integration. In this regard after its birth the European Union had to face numerous issues. It was found by many researchers that a number of those issues emerged due to cultural heterogeneity among the EU member states. The present study focuses upon the same missing link in the OCA theory and recommends an additional criteria, the ‘culture homogeneity’ and its inclusion into the OCA theory. In this regard an integrated model has been created which makes the model more robust by including culture homogeneity factor. The new model establishes a reality based upon latest scenario having social, economic, cultural and political issues faced by the EU countries during their effort to practically have some successful common currency mechanism.

[Waqar Ahmad Gulzar. Enrichment in OCA theory: Towards a Robust Model for Optimum Currency Area by Inclusion of Culture Criteria. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):16-24]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.04

Keywords: Enrichment, OCA theory, Robust Model, Optimum Currency Area, Culture Criteria

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A trial for control of some external parasitic diseases cultured Oreochromisniloticus in Egypt

Noor El- Deen, A. I.; Abd El Hady, O. K. Liala, A. M and Mona, S. Zaki

Hydrobiology Department, Vet. Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.

dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: The present study was carried out on 360 of fingerlings Nile tilapia of different body weights. They were collected live from the same ponds of study 120 fish from infested farms in the three previous governorate and transported to Lab. of hydrobiology department, NRC. The clinical signs of most examined fishes revealed some abnormalities on the external body surface of heavily naturally infested Tilapia fishes, represented as asphyxia, some aggregated on the surface, accumulated at the water inlet of the pond. The postmortem findings of investigated fish revealed the presence of excessive mucus, white spots were observed in different parts of the body in some infested fishes. Marbling appearance with numerous white dots in some gill filament of infested fishes. Some external protozoa, monogentictrematod and crustacean parasite were isolated, identified and recorded. Also, some physico-chemical parameters of pond waters represented in pH, salinity, ammonia and sulphates were examined in relation to the infestation rate with external parasites. The application of different doses of medicinal plants (Allium Sativum and Artemisiasm vulgarism) for treatment of external parasites. Also, humic acid and mannan-oligosaccharides (Bio-Mos®) were used in treatment. It was found that, the medicinal plants very effective causing a great damage to the most external parasites within few days. Also, humic acid and mannan-oligosaccharides (Bio-Mos®)were effective on some protozoal external parasites without side effect on infested fish.

[Noor El- Deen, A. I.; Abd El Hady,O.K. Liala,A.M.and Mona, S. Zaki. A trial for control of some external parasitic diseases cultured Oreochromisniloticus in Egypt. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):25-29]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.05

Keywords: protozoa, fish, Allium Sativum, Artemisia vulgarism, humic acid, treatment.

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Study of prevailing external parasitic diseases in cultured freshwater tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Egypt

Noor El- Deen, A. I.; Abd El Hady, O. K.; Kenawy, A M. and Mona, S. Zaki

Hydrobiology Department, Vet. Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.

dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract:The present study was carried out on 1200 specimens of cultured Nile Tilapia fishes (600 fingerlings and 600 adult fish) of different size and body weight. They were randomly collected seasonally from Kafr El- Sheikh, Fayom and Alsharkaia (Al abbassa region) Governorate cultured fish farms. The clinical signs of most examined fishes revealed some abnormalities on the external body surface of heavily naturally infested Tilapia fishes, represented as asphyxia, some aggregated on the surface, accumulated at the water inlet of the pond. The postmortem findings of investigated fish revealed the presence of excessive mucus secretions, white spots were observed in different parts of the body in some infested fishes. Marbling appearance with numerous white dots in some gill filament of infested fishes. Some external protozoa (Trichodina fultoni, Chilodenella hexatia, Ichthyoboda necatrax) and Ichthyophtherious multiphililus), monogentic trematod (Cichlidigurus tilapia) and crustacean parasite (Ergasilus ovitus) were isolated, identified and recorded. The highest infestations rate of infestations in adult fish was 35% while in fingerlings was 12%. Also, the highest infestations rate were in Kafr El- Sheikh 20% followed by Alsharkaia 15% and lowest rate were in Al Fayoum 12%. The highest infestations at adult O. niloticus and fingerlings prevalence possessed in summer season 17.5 %, followed by spring season 12.5 % and autumn 10 % while winter season occupied the last position 7 %. In addition, the histopathological alterations in the skin of infested fishes were recorded.

[Noor El- Deen, A. I.; Abd El Hady, O.K.; Kenawy, A M. and Mona, S. Zaki. Study of prevailing external parasitic diseases in cultured freshwater tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Egypt. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):30-37]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.06

Keywords: Protozoa, fish, fingerlings,adult, histopathology.

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Impact of Obesity on Activity and Severity Parameters of Osteoarthritis

Abdou Ellabban¹, Mohammed Abdelhakeem², Mona Hamdy¹, Maha Nassr³ and Israa Fathy¹

¹Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

²Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

³Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt

mona_hamdy660@yahoo.com

Abstract: Obesity is characterized by increased plasma leptin concentrations. It was found that the elevated plasma leptin concentrations in morbidly obese patients may enhance constitutive immunological stimuli, leading to increased concentrations of acute phase proteins and other inflammatory markers, characteristic for a chronic inflammatory state. The paradigm that obesity predisposes people to OA because of extra-mechanical loading only has been shifted to the paradigm that metabolic factors (adipokines) are also involved in the pathophysiology of OA and hand joints are an ideal target to investigate the role of adipokines since they are not weight-bearing joints. Objective: To assess the impact of obesity and serum leptin levels on OA severity and on functional outcomes. Methods: The study included 48 candidates who were classified into two groups: group I; included 36 patients with OA which further subdivided into two subgroups obese and non obese OA patients. Group II; included 12 healthy non obese individuals as a control group. All candidates were subjected to full history taking, thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigation. OA was assessed using standard functional and radiological scores. Results: The OA group in the present study showed significantly higher WOMAC index, WOMAC total score, VAS of pain, HFAS and K-L score of knee joint in obese OA compared to non obese. Also, obese OA patients had significantly higher serum leptin and CRP levels. OA patients showed a high significant correlation between serum leptin levels and WOMAC scores, VAS of pain and K-L score of knee joint. Patients with erosive OA showed significant difference as regard DIP joint pain but no significance was found in all other parameters. Conclusion: Obesity has not only mechanical effect but also has metabolic effect on the different joints of OA patients. Moreover obesity and elevated serum leptin have a significant effect on clinical symptoms and severity of knee OA patients and on activity only not severity of hand OA patients.

[Abdou Ellabban, Mohammed Abdelhakeem, Mona Hamdy, Maha Nassr and Israa Fathy. Impact of Obesity on Activity and Severity Parameters of Osteoarthritis. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):38-44]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.07

Key words: Osteoarthritis, obesity, leptin, pain, function.

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Causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients on hemodialysis in Al-GharbiyahGovernorate in Egypt

Abd El Raouf, Y. M^* and Alghazal, G^*

^*Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.

masyasser@yahoo.com

Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing global burden regarding social, epidemiological and economic aspects. The burden is greater in the developing counties because of limited resources and poverty. In Egypt the problem is increasing and it represents one of the major health problems. One of the first steps of prevention of CKD and hence of ESRD is identification of the causes of this problem. The present study is an epidemiological study which carried out through questionnaire. Aiming to find out the causes of ESRD in Algharbiyah Governorate in Egypt. All governmental haemodialysis units in Al-Gharbiyah Governorate and private hemodialysis centers wereincluded in the study. 980 patients with ESRD on hemodialysis were included. A modified form of Egyptian society of nephrology Questionnaire was used. The mean age of patients was 52.27±12.91 years. Percentage of patients from rural areas and that from urban areas was (61.9% vs 39.1). All patients were under Hemodialysis 3 times per week, hypertension accounted for 31.8% of all causes of ESRD, diabetic nephropathy 22.9%. and Unknown cause 11.9, chronic pyelonephritis was responsible for0.6% of ESRD cases, chronic glomerulonephritis represented 1.4% of all cases. While shistosomiasis was responsible for 0.9% of treated ESRD and Polycystic kidney disease accounted for 3.7% of all causes of ESRD. In conclusion: hypertensive nephropathy was the most common cause of ESRD in Al-Gharbiyah Governoratefollowed by diabetic nephropathy.

[Abd El Raouf, Y. M and Alghazal, G. Causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients on hemodialysis in Al-Gharbiyah Governorate in Egypt. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):45-55]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.08

Key words: Endstage renal disease, Diabetic nephropathy, Hypertension, Glomerulonephritis

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Analysis of Root Canals Prepared By Reciprocation Or Continuous Rotation

Mohammad AL-Obaida, DDS, MSEd, FRCD(C) *, Nourah AL-Mousa, BDS, MSc† Khalid Merdad, BDS, MSc, FRCD(C), PhD ‡

Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh^*, Dental Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh^†, and Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia ^‡. malobaida@ksu.edu.sa

Abstract: Objective: A new preparation technique using a single file was introduced based on the reciprocating movement. The present study was designed to compare the shaping ability of different rotary instruments operated either with continuous rotation movement or with reciprocating movement. Methods: Thirty-five extracted mandibular molars with 2 separate mesial canals and a canal curvature of more than 20^° were randomly assigned to one of five groups (seven teeth each). Group1, rotary conventional preparation using full sequence ProTaper.Group2, reciprocation preparation using one ProTaperF2.Group3, rotary conventional preparation using full sequence BioRace.Group4, reciprocation preparation using one BioRace BR3. Group5, reciprocate preparation using one Reciproc R25. Specimens were scanned before and after root canal preparation using micro-computed tomography system. Cross-sectional images of each canal were obtained at 2,4,6, and 8mm from the apex. The following parameters were assessed: change in canal volume, change in perimeter, change in surface area, canal transportation, and centering ratio. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the shaping of root canal by ProTaper F2 or BioRace BR3 using single file reciprocating technique or conventional full sequence in continuous rotation regarding the studied anatomical outcomes. Single file Reciproc R25 showed significantly higher cutting ability compared to single file ProTaper F2, single file BioRace BR3, and full sequence BioRace, but no difference in the amount of canal transportation or centering ability between Reciproc R25 and other groups. Conclusion: Shaping outcomes with single file preparation techniques and conventional full sequence preparation technique were similar. Reciproc R25 showed significantly higher cutting ability compared toall other systems.

[Mohammad Al-Obaida, Nourah Al-Mousa, Khalid Merdad. Analysis of Root Canals Prepared by Reciprocation or Continuous Rotation. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):56-64]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.09

Key words: root canal preparation, instrumentation, shaping ability, single file technique, and μCT

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Bioindication And Biomonitoring Of Air Pollution

Natalia Proskura

West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Management

Address: Juliusza Słowackiego st. 17, 71-374 Szczecin, Poland; Phone: +48 91 449 63 40;

e-mail: natalia.mazurkiewicz@zut.edu.pl

Abstract: Nowadays, the knowledge about organisms reaction on environmental pollution or changes of climate conditions, which is closely connected, is very wide. Many articles and research have been made for last several dozen years. The analytical-chemical methods of pollution detection are usually expensive, labor intensive and their implementation is possible only “ex situ”. Fortunately, sometimes simple observation of organisms, as plants, lichens or even animals is enough to indicate hazardous environmental changes. Plants are very good bioindicators. Scientists found that leaves of Gladiolus sp. are very sensitive to fluoride air pollution. Moreover, tobacco strongly reacts to tropospheric ozone, which is very dangerous to humans health. Not only plants can be used as biomonitors of air pollution, but also lichens (organisms which are a combination of fungi and algae). The specialized lichens species scale can provide information about SO₂ pollution level in the wide area. The aim of the article was to indicate natural methods of bioindication and biomonitoring of air pollution.

[Natalia Proskura. Bioindication And Biomonitoring Of Air Pollution. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):65-67]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.10

Keywords: Bioindication; Biomonitor; Air Pollution

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Impediments to corporate social Responsibility reporting in Iran

Behzad Latifiyan¹ (Corresponding Author), Saman mousanezhad², Mohsen Seidi³

¹ Department of Accounting , Islamic Azad University, Mehran branch , Ilam , Iran

^2. University of Applied Science and Technology - Ilam Branch – Ilam , Iran

^3. Department of management Islamic Azad University Mehran branch, Ilam , Iran

Abstract: The previous research confirms the demand for information about the interrelationship between corporations and the society and also show why various beneficiary groups in business units need this kind of information. Besides the previous research have shown that how this information can promote the interests of corporations and the public. This study analyzes the impediments to corporate social responsibility reporting for corporates accepted in Tehran stock exchange. Some questionnaires distributed among research subjects containing agents and investment corporations, the results of the research indicate that lack of obligations and laws, lack (limitation) of electronic substructures, managers distrust of interests of this reporting and want of necessary awareness of this issue in society are some of the important impediments to development and implementation of corporate social responsibility reporting in Iran.

[Behzad Latifiyan, Saman mousanezhad, Mohsen Seidi. Impediments to corporate social Responsibility reporting in Iran. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):68-72]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.11

Key concepts: social responsibility reporting, General systems theory, Theory of political economy ,legitimacy theory , beneficiary groups theory

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Optimal Design of Wastewater Collection Networks Based on Production Rate of hydrogen Sulfide () 

Mohammad Karami¹, Ehsan Drikvand ²

^1. Department of civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Dehloran Branch, Dehlaran, Iran

^{. 2.}Department of civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Shoshtar Branch, Shoshtar, Iran

Abstract: Unfortunately, nowadays, like the sewage collection network water supply systems just based on hydraulic parameters (quantity) are designed. The quality of wastewater produced, while that in adverse condition is very efficient. H2S production given that the relationship is in direct proportion BOD5 waste more time on the network will be more Barely also increased and this is related to hydraulic parameters. Must therefore between wastewater quality and hydraulic parameters of a relationship can create the best system design is achieved. In tropical cities due to high temperatures during the year chemical reactions are accelerated, the rate has been rising, especially H2S gases increased, destroyed sewage collection network and had to be seen along most of sewage collection networks already the end of the project did not have favorable conditions caused great financial burden on their maintenance will be contrary to the sustainable development.

[Mohammad Karami, Ehsan Drikvand. Optimal Design of Wastewater Collection Networks Based on Production Rate of hydrogen Sulfide ()*. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):73-77]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12 . doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.12

Keywords: Wastewater Collection, Network, , Quantitative and Qualitative Parameters, Development

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A study of physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene Nano composites/modified Nano clay

Naser Gharehbash¹, Alireza Shakeri², Djurabay Khalikov³

PhD Student, Academy sciences of Tajikistan¹

²Faculty of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

³ Department of Chemistry Institute, Professor of Academy Sciences of Tajikistan

Corresponding Author: ¹Naser Gharehbash, E-mail: d.gha..5na@gmail.com

Abstract: In this study; physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene Nano composites have been examined using modified Nano clay fillers (Cloisite 15A brand) and an ompratiblizer called Maleic Anhydride (MA). In order to 3 levels of %1; %3; and %5 and using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); it was examined. Results of (XRD) showed that the structure of Nano composites results from an intercalation structure. SEM images showed that added PP-g-ma improves the diffusion capability of modified clay in polypropylene matrix and creates a homogenous structure. Testing the mechanical properties showed that tensile and bending strength increased from 1 to 3 percent modified Nano clay by weight; and with an increase in modified Nano clay; the properties decrease. In these Nano composites; the resistance to shock decreases as the amount of modified Nano clay increases.

[Naser Gharehbash, Alireza Shakeri, Djurabay Khalikov. A study of physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene Nano composites/modified Nano clay Sector. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):78-83]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.13

Key words: Nano composite; polypropylene; maleic anhydride; modified Nano clay; bending and tensile strength

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The Investigation of Effects of Greenhouse Cultivation Modern Methods on its Productions Productivity

Nafiseh Alsadat Hoseini Naghavi

MA in Economic Development and Planning, Department of Economics and Accounting, Tehran Azad University

Abstract: Agricultural sector has an important position in terms of job creating and value added in the global and domestic economy. Thereby this sector can be very important in regards of job creating in industry sector (complementary and conversionary) and in producing of foods; and also can have great effects on our country's economy. The expanding of Greenhouse planting has created good opportunities for agents and brokers of agricultural sector. In this regard, this study tries to investigate the impact of new methods of greenhouse cultivation on its production productivity. Method: This study has applied descriptive method and for data collecting library study methods applied. Our statistical population consisted of all greenhouse owner s in Varamin; considering its low volume, all these people were participated in the study; in fact in sampling, statistical method was used.  The research tool is a questionnaire consisted of 39 questions, which is developed by researcher, and answered by greenhouse​​ owners in Varamin. Results: Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results showed a significant relevance between applying greenhouse cultivation and the productivity of harvests variables. Also, regarding the positive value of the correlation coefficient, we can conclude that with the increase of using greenhouse cultivation, production level will increase. There was also a significant relevance between greenhouse cultivations and efficient use of available resources variables; and by increasing greenhouse cultivation, efficient use of available resources also increases. Discussion and conclusions: the results show that the new methods of greenhouse cultivation result in increasing of harvest productivity; in this regard, agricultural sector and specially greenhouse cultivation need to be considered by who are in charge.

[Nafiseh alsadat hoseini naghavi. The Investigation of Effects of Greenhouse Cultivation Modern Methods on its Productions Productivity. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):84-87]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 14. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.14

Keywords: Greenhouse Cultivation, Modern Methods of Greenhouse Cultivation, Productivity of productions

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Emotional intelligence- A Pathway to Performance - A descriptive study among Business Administration Graduates in Kerala

Shruthi J Mayur¹, Dr. P. S James², Dr. R. Swamynathan³

¹Berchmans Institute of Management, Changanacherry, Kerala, India.

² T.A Pai Management Institute, Manipal-576104, India.

³ PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India.

shruthimayur71@gmail.com

Abstract: Employability is the buzz term today rather than educational ability. The concept of “market ready” search is ruling the world of placements where companies are in the search of candidates equipped with employability skills. Studies have revealed in many occasions that emotional intelligence is a core competency outcome of a matured education. Hence the research gap for this paper was identified as the concommitment relationship between the level of EQ and employable competency among Business Administration students. The present study aims at assessing the performance of the Business Administration student in light of the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and the performance of the candidate. A sample of 209 candidates from the Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, was selected for the study by random sampling. The results showed a significant relationship (p=0.000) between Performance and Emotional Intelligence. Further analysis showed a significant negative relationship between MAT Score and Emotional Intelligence (p=.000) and a significant positive relationship (p=.020) between Skill Set and Emotional Intelligence. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 16.0. The study aims at adding knowledge to the field of management education on the selection and training process of candidates who aspire to be better managers of the future.

[Mayur S. J., James P. S., Swamynathan R. Emotional intelligence - A Pathway to Performance. A descriptive study among Business Administration Graduates in Kerala. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):88-93]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 15. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.15

Key words: Performance, Emotional Intelligence, Business Administration graduates, employability

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 Role of Vitamin D in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

¹Ammal A.W. Sallam and ²Ayman M.H. El-Sharawy

¹Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt.

²Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cairo University Hospital, Egypt.

ammalsallam@hotmail.com

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with heterogeneous clinical presentations and course. While the exact aetiology of MS remains unknown, epidemiological data implicate that both genetic and environmental factors may be responsible for the aetiology of MS, with various factors interacting with one another. The environmental factors might start to occur, and also continue, long before the disease becomes clinically evident; hence we seek by our study to examine serum levels of vitamin D, proposed as an important environmental risk factor, in patients with multiple sclerosis and to find a relationship between vitamin D levels and the occurrence of MS. Vitamin D (25- hydroxy vitamin D/25(OH) D) was measured by ELISA in the serum samples from 29 patients with multiple sclerosis compared to non- multiple sclerosis subjects; low vitamin D levels was found in the MS patients especially female patients compared to 29 non- multiple sclerosis subjects.

[Ammal A.W. Sallamand Ayman M.H. El-Sharawy. Role of Vitamin D in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):94-98]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 16. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.16

Key words: Multiple sclerosis, vitamin D

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Protective Effects of Lemon Fruit Extract on Liver in Mice Males Treated with Cyclophosphamide

Salwa Mohammed Quitaand WejdanSaad Al-Omari

Department of Biology,Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University-

doctorsalwa@gmail.com

Abstract: The protective effects of lemon fruit extracts (LFE) were evaluated against histological changes induced in liver of mice males treated with cyclophosphamide (CP). A total of thirty male mice were divided into six groups: Gr1 control group, Gr2 treated with LFE (10ml/kg b wt.), Gr3 treated with CP (10mg/kg b wt.), and Gr4 treated with CP (20mg/kg b wt.), Gr5 treated with LFE (10ml/kg) +CP (10mg/kg), Gr6 treated with LFE (10ml/kg) + CP (20mg/kg). Histological examination of the livers in Gr3 and Gr4 showed loss of hepatocytes architecture, blood sinusoids congestion, vacuolar degeneration, inflammatory cellular infiltration in between degenerated hepatocytes, formation of pyknotic nuclei and hepatocellular necrosis. Addition of lemon fruit extract to cyclophosphamide treated mice resulted in a marked improvement in liver tissue. Liver restoration of normal histological structure, marked reduction or disappearance of cytoplasmic vacuoles in most hepatocytes, less dilation of central and portal veins with mild-to-moderate inflammation in portal space. Marked reduction of sinusoids congestion were detected. Conclusion: Our results reveal that lemon fruit extract induces potent hepatoprotictive effects against CP.

[Salwa Mohammed Quita and Wejdan Saad Al-Omari. Protective Effects of Lemon Fruit Extract on Liver in Mice Males Treated with Cyclophosphamide. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):99-105]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.17

Keywords: Cyclophosphamide, Lemon fruit, Histopathological changes, Liver, Mice

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Choledochoscopy versus Intra-operative Cholangiogram for detection of common bile duct clearance during laparoscopic common bile duct exploration

Sameh GabrAttia

Department of General Surgery – Faculty of Medicine-Al-Azhar University-Cairo- Egypt

E-mail: samehgabr70@gmail.com

Abstract: Objective: To compare between the Intra-operative Cholangiogram (IOC) and choledochoscopy as regardcommon bile duct (CBD) clearance in patients who underwent laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). Study design: Prospective comparative study. Patients and methods: Forty patients with the mean age 43 ± 13.2 (range 23-67) years presented with gall bladder stones and CBD stones (CBDS) as diagnosed by abdominal Ultra Sound (US), clinical presentation, laboratory and radiological investigations. All patients underwent LCBDE and then divided into two groups. Group I; 20 patients allowed for intra-operative cholangiography and group II; 20 patients allowed for choledochoscopy. Results: In group I, two patients (10%) had false-positive results; one patient (5.55%) had false-negative results; operative time was 195 ± 25.3 minutes. In group II, no false-positive or false-negative results; operative time was shorter 175 ± 22.8 minutes. Conclusion: During LCBDE; we recommend choledochoscopy rather than intra-operative cholangiogram for detection of CBDS clearance. Choledochoscopy result in less false-positive and false-negative results and less time consuming.

[SamehGabrAttia. Choledochoscopy versus Intra-operative Cholangiogram for detection of common bile duct clearance during laparoscopic common bile duct exploration. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):106-110]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 18. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.18

Keywords:CBDS, LCBDE, Cholangiogram, Choledochoscopy, CBD clearance.

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Efficacy and Safety of the Mobius Retractor^® In Elective Caesarean Section for Obese Pregnant Women

K.A. Wahba

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Karimwahbaobgyn@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: to test the efficacy and Safety of a plastic self retaining retractor (Mobius retractor^®) in elective caesarean section (C/S) for obese women. Design: Randomized prospective single – blinded case control study. Setting: Tertiary–care University hospital in Cairo, Egypt and a tertiary maternity hospital in Bristol, UK. Population: 300 pregnant women with age between 18 and 40 and BMI > 35 undergoing elective C/S at or near term. Patients with anticipated excessive blood loss, abnormal coagulation profile, substance abuse or with extensive intra-operative adhesions were excluded. Methods: The study population was randomly divided into cases (n=135) in which the Mobius retractor^® was used and controls (n=131) in which the conventional retractors were used. 34 women were excluded from the study due to extensive intra-operative adhesions. Outcome measures: Primary outcome included the operative time. Secondary outcomes included intra-operative blood loss, intra-operative injury, extra need for assistance, need for uterine exteriorization, assistant satisfaction, length of hospital stay, extra need for postoperative analgesia, postoperative fever, time of resumption of intestinal motility, wound infection and need for blood transfusion. Results: Using the Mobius retractor^® was associated with a significant shorter operative time, higher assistant satisfaction, less extra need for assistance, less need for uterine exteriorization and less need for postoperative analgesia. The use of the Mobius retractor^® was not associated with significant reduction in the operative blood loss, duration of hospital stay, time of resumption of intestinal motility, intra operative injury, postoperative fever, wound infection and need for blood transfusion. No injuries were reported from the Mobius retractor^® in all cases. Conclusion: The Mobius retractor^® is an efficient and safe retractor that can be used to improve the outcome and reduce morbidity in elective caesarean section for obese pregnant women.

[K.A. Wahba. Efficacy and Safety of the Mobius Retractor^® In Elective Caesarean Section for Obese Pregnant Women. Life Sci J 2015;12(8):111-116]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 19. doi:10.7537/marslsj120815.19

Keywords: Mobius Retractor^®, caesarean Section, obesity, conventional retractors

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