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Gene action study for yield and yield stability related traits in Gossypium hirsutum: An overview

¹Muhammad Sajjad, ¹Saif-ul-Malook, ²Awaas Murtaza, ¹ Ikram Bashir, ³Muhammad Khalid Shabaz, ³Muazim Ali and Muhammad Sarfraz

^1.  Department of Plant Breeding and genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

^2.  Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

^3.  Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

^4.  Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Corresponding Author Email: Saifulmalookpbg@gmail.com

Abstruct: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most important fiber as well as cash crop of the world. Pakistan ranks third among consumers and fourth among producers of the cotton worldwide. There is immense need to increase cotton yield and contribution through various breeding practices to fulfill the demand of national and international market. Improvement in fibre yield and quality is much important to meet the demands and supplies of cotton fibre. Present review will help the reader to understand the gene action in terms of general combining ability and specific combining ability of the genotypes for the development of high yielding cotton varieties and hybrids.

[Sajjad M, Saif-ul-Malook, Murtaza A, Bashir I, Shahbaz MK, Ali M and Sarfarz M. Gene action study for yield and yield stability related traits in Gossypium hirsutum: An overview. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):1-11]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj1205s15.01.

Keywords: Gene action, Combing ability, fiber, breeding, yield, diploid

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Surveillance of Freedom in Shia political philosophy

Fatemeh Ferdowsi¹, Jahangir Masoudi²

^1. Teacher of Farhangian University

^2.  Assistant Professor of Islamic philosophy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Theology, Islamic Philosophy Group

Abstract: One of the main issues in political philosophy is freedom. The concept of freedom has always been the most challenging social-political issues. What is the position of Islam in relation to freedom? What is the scope of government intervention in relation to the freedom of individuals? Where is the place of political philosophy of Islamic-Shia? According to Islamic texts, including topics that are discussed in this article are Shia.

[Fatemeh Ferdowsi, Jahangir Masoudi. Surveillance of Freedom in Shia political philosophy. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):12-18]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj1205s15.02.

Keywords: Freedom, surveillance, relationship, adaptability, prophetic rule, Imam Ali rule

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Gene action studies through diallel analysis in Brassica rapa for quality traits

¹Aamer Mumtaz, ¹Hafeez Ahmad Sadaqat, ^1,2Saif-ul-Malook, ¹Muhammad Asif, ¹Aamar Shehzad, ¹Kashif Imran, ¹Muhammad Ubaidullah Aleem and ^1,3Qurban Ali

^.1. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

^2. Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences

^3. Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan

aamer3002@gmail.com, saifulmalookpbg@gmail.com

Abstract: Pakistan needs to increase domestic production of edible oil, because the country is deficient in the production of such oil and has to import large quantities every year. Brassica rapa (cool season crop) may be a good choice for edible oil production in Pakistan, being yellow seeded and of short duration, but its major problem is erucic acid. This study used the Hayman and Jinks model to estimate genetic expression (i.e. gene action) on quality-related traits (oil percetange, glucosinolate, protein percentage, erucic acid, lenolenic acid, oleic acid and moisture percentage) using four lines (UAF-11, Toria, BSA and TP-124–1) and their hybrids in a diallel fashion. All traits other than oil percentage and linolenic acid were found to be controlled by dominant gene action. Absence of non-allelic interaction (epistasis) was observed for all traits. Number of frequency of dominant genes was more frequent towards better parents, and recessive genes were greater than dominant genes in all traits, except in the case of lenolenic acid. The best parents were TP-124–1 and UAF-11, which had the maximum dominant and maximum recessive genes, respectively, for the best traits (i.e. protein percentage, erucic acid, lenolenic acid and oleic acid); they can be used as parents in future hybrid breeding and other future breeding programs.

[Mumtaz A, HA Sadaqat Saif-ul-Malook, M Asif, A Shahzad, K Imran, MU Aleem and Q Ali. Gene action studies through diallel analysis in Brassica rapa for quality traits. Life Sci J 2015;12(11):19-27]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj1205s15.03.

Key words: Oil percentage, Glucosinolate, Protein percentage, Erucic acid, Lenolenic acid, Oleic acid, Moisture percentage

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Linear Interaction of Inhomogeneity in Electron Beam-Plasma System

Khaled Hamed El-Shorbagy, Yahia Swilem and Bassam Mohamad Dakhel

^1.  Math. Dept., Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

^2.  Plasma Phys. Dept., Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.

^3.  Phys. Dept., Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

^4.  Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519 Sharkia, Egypt.

^{5.  .}General Required Courses Department, Jeddah Community College King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

drkhalede@yahoo.com

Abstract: The linear interaction of cold inhomogeneous electron beam (EB) with inhomogeneous magnetized warm plasma is investigated. The unperturbed density of the EB is considered to vary linearly over the length of the system such that:, where  is the length scale of the variation (). The dispersion relation of the system is derived. In addition, the growth rate of the instability is calculated. The presence of external static magnetic field, warmness plasma electrons and inhomogeneous EB leads to a decrease of the growth rate in comparison with the case of magnetized cold plasma and homogeneous EB.

[Kharkwal G, Mehrotra P, Rawat YS. Taxonomic Diversity of Understorey Vegetation in Kumaun Himalayan Forests. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):28-31]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj1205s15.04.

Keywords: Magnetized Warm Plasma instability/ Inhomogeneity in EB-Plasma system

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Factor wise contribution of some morphological traits to sugar contents in Sacharum officinarm

¹Farooq Ahmad Khan, ¹Fareeha zafar, ^1,2Saif ul Malook, Adeel Riaz, ⁴Alam Sher, ³Sarfaraz Ahmad and ¹Muhammad Zeeshan

^1.  Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

^2.  Kunming Institute of Botany, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

^3.  Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Sarghoda

^4.  Agronomy College, Anhui Agriculture University, Hefei, China

E-mail: fareehazafar1989@gmail.com, saifulmalookpbg@gmail.com

Abstract: The aim of present study was to enhance the efficiency of selection by developing Dm artificial variables which serve as selection criterion. 12 genotypes were planted it the research area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, following Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data was recorded for 11 morphological and quality traits. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients among the characters under study were estimated. Data recorded also analyzed by Principal component analysis to reduce the original variables into smaller number of principal components which help in selection for high yield improvement. Plant height and cane height were positively and highly significantly correlated. Both of these showed positive significant association with number of canes per stool, juice contents and dry matter content. Strong positive correlation was found between Sugar contents and number of cane per stool. The PCA revealed that first 4 PCs explained more than 83.23% of the total variation. The contribution of PC1 32.57% to the total variation while the contribution of PC2 was 20.43%. The contribution of PC3 and PC4 was 15.91% and 14_39% respectively. The remaining seven PCs explained only about 17% of the total variation. By probing screen plot it was evident that first seven PCs have considerable variability while in remaining four PCs differences were negligible. Scatter plot showed that genotypes CPF-240, HSF-240, CPF-335 and CP72-2086 are not much &verse from each other as they are congested to same area. While genotypes HSF¬247, SGH-2924, COJ-84, CP-246, CPF-248, L-118, CP-77-400 and CPF-234 are 'present at distance from other genotypes with respect to PC 1 and PC2 so more &verse. Biplot revealed that In the PC1 and PC2 together internodal length, juice contents and yield per m2 showed minimum differences while other traits showed more differences. The information thus acquired from the research could be utilized to frame the suitable selection scheme to develop clones of the best commercial writs, suitable for cultivation in different environments. The genotypic correlations were split into direct and indirect effects of various traits on yield per m2. The direct effects of brix value and dry matter contents were positive on yield per m2. Cluster analysis was performed. Cluster analysis procedure grouped the 12 genotypes in to three clusters at a linkage distance with cluster I having five, cluster II having two and duster III having five genotypes respectively.

[Khan FA, Zafar F, Saif-ul-Malook, Riaz A, Sher A, Sarfaraz A and Zeeshan M. Factor wise contribution of some morphological traits to sugar contents in Sacharum officinarm. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):32-48]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj1205s15.05.

Key words: cane height, cane girth, number of canes per stool, juice contents, brix value, sugar content

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Breeding Progress for morphology and genetic pattern in Helianthus annuus L.

*Naila Kanwal^a, Hafeez Ahmed Sadaqat^a, Qurban Ali^a,b, ^*Fawad Ali^a, Irshad Bibi^c and Nabeel Khan Niazi^c

^a.  Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.

^b.  Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

^c.  Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

Corresponding author: E-mail: nailakanwalpk@yahoo.com, fawadniazi_a@yahoo.com

Abstract: Two field experiments were conducted during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 to evaluate the achene yield of single cross (F₁) sunflower hybrids. Seven lines and three testers were crossed in Line × tester fashion and cross combination (A-18 × G-79) was found the most promising early mature hybrid for plant height, head diameter, 100 achene weight and achene yield/plant. It was found that plant height and 100 achene weight had positive and significant SCA effects for cross combination A-18 × G-79. The additive variances (σ²A) was more for plant height, head diameter, 100 achene weight and achene yield per plant as compared to dominance variances (σ²D) and high heritability was found in these traits. Heterosis and heterobiltosis of plant height, 100-acehne weight and achene yield/plant were found the most significant (p* < 0.01) for cross combination A-18 × G-79. The present study results demonstrated that A-18 × G-79 hybrid has potential to obtain high yielding genotypes in arid/semiarid regions such as Pakistan.

[Kanwal N, Sadaqat HA, Ali Q, Ali F, Bibi I and Niazi NK. Breeding Progress for morphology and genetic pattern in Helianthus annuus L. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):49-56]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj1205s15.06.

Keywords: heritability, combining ability, heterosis, Helianthus annuus, heterobeiltosis, Line × tester analysis

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The Impact of Supraclavicular Irradiation on Thyroid Function and Size in Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients by Comparing 2D versus 3D-CRT

Ahmad M. Alhosainy, Abd Elmotaleb Mohamed and Ahmed Z. Elattar

Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

ahosainy40@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Post mastectomy supraclavicular (SC) nodal irradiation is recommended in addition to whole breast or chest wall irradiation for the adjuvant treatment of patients with locally advanced breast cancer, where it improved locoregional control and overall survival. ⁽¹⁾ Thyroid dysfunction is usually underestimated in patients with breast cancer who had SC irradiation (RT). Aim: To determine the radiation impact on the thyroid function and size in patients with breast cancer receiving radiotherapy (RT) to the SC nodes by comparing 2 techniques of irradiation, in relation to total dose and irradiated volume of the thyroid gland. Results: Twenty patients were included in this study (age range from 25 to 70 years, mean age (45±2.81), all had breast cancer and treated surgically with mastectomy or breast conserving surgery followed by adjuvant irradiation to SC lymph nodes and breast or chest wall. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A (10 patients) received irradiation through 2D technique were compared to group B (10 patients) who received irradiation through 3D-CRT technique, for a total dose of 50Gy/25 fractions. The size of the thyroid gland was measured, and thyroid function tests, including serum thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, were analyzed before RT and 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months after RT. Conclusion: The 3D conformal radiotherapy technique of SC nodal irradiation is superior to 2D conventional radiotherapy technique in case of breast cancer patients regarding the impact on thyroid function.

[Ahmad M. Alhosainy, Abd Elmotaleb Mohamed and Ahmed Z. Elattar. The Impact of Supraclavicular Irradiation on Thyroid Function and Size in Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients by Comparing 2D versus 3D-CRT. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):57-62]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj1205s15.07.

Keywords: Impact; Supraclavicular Irradiation; Thyroid; Breast; Cancer; Patient

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A morphological and immunohistochemical study to assess bone marrow involvement in Egyptian Non Hodgkin lymphoma patients

(Trephine bone marrow biopsy in Egyptian Non Hodgkin lymphoma patients: a morphological and immunohistochemical study to assess bone marrow involvement)

Fatma A. Elrefaey¹, Gehan H. Shahin² and Nesrine ElGharabawi ²

¹ Clinical Pathology Department, NCI, Cairo University, Egypt

² Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

F_alrefay@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background and aim of the work: Non Hodgkin Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of malignancies which has predilection for bone marrow infiltration. Bone marrow biopsy is performed in an attempt to evaluate stage IV disease. This study aimed to evaluate the features of bone marrow trephine biopsy involvement in Egyptian NHL patients. Patients and methods: BM Biopsies of 100 NHL patients were assessed for percentage of marrow involvement, patterns of involvement (Interstitial, diffuse, nodular and paratrabecular), histological and phenotypic subtypes of the infiltrate. Results: BM biopsy showed involvement by lymphoma cells in 18 cases (18%). The incidence of involvement was higher in B-cell lymphomas 15/18 (83%), compared to T-cell lymphomas 3/18 (17%). The predominant pattern of involvement was interstitial infiltration 14/18 (77.8%). Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma had the highest incidence of BM involvement in all the lymphomas 8/18 (44%). A discordant histology between BM and primary anatomic site was found in only one case. Conclusion: Proper staging of NHL using a reliable trephine biopsies improves the prognosis of patients by increasing or even changing the protocol of management.

[Fatma A. Elrefaey, Gehan H. Shahin and Nesrine ElGarabawi. A morphological and immunohistochemical study to assess bone marrow involvement in Egyptian Non Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):63-68]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi: 10.7537/marslsj1205s15.08.

Key words: NHL, Bone Marrow Biopsy, Immunohistochemistry, BM involvement.

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