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Review on Biofilm Processes for Wastewater Treatment

Khaled Shahot, Azni Idris, Rozita Omar and Hamdan M. Yusoff

Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia

Kmshahot@gmail.com

Abstract: This review paper discusses the application of biofilm as an alternative technology for the treatment of wastewater under various loading and operation conditions. In the past few years the biofilm technology has become more common and widely used in the world to meet the requirement for clean water sources of the world’s growing population. Besides, the conventional wastewater treatment plants like activated sludge process present some shortcomings such as not very flexible method (if there is sudden change in the character of sewage and the effluent of bad quality is obtained), so better system is urgently needed to provide additional capacity with the least possible cost and to meet the standard effluent by the local authorities. The increased incoming flow of wastewater to the treatment plants and organic loading always demand for additional treatment capacity. Fundamental research into biofilm is presented in this paper in sections that discuss the use of biofilm whereby a comparison between suspended and fixed film, old and new biofilm are made. Besides, bed types namely moving bed, fixed bed and floating bed, un-submerged fixed film systems of trickling filters and rotating biological contactors are explained. Nutrients removal of nitrogen and phosphorus and nano technology application in biofilm are also explained. Results from investigations of different applications carried out at the laboratory and pilot scales are also discussed.

[Khaled Shahot, Azni Idris, Rozita Omar and Hamdan M. Yusoff. Review on Biofilm Processes for Wastewater Treatment. Life Sci J .2014;11(11):1-13] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.01

Keywords: biofilm, wastewater treatment, trickling filter, rotating biological contactors, nutrients removal.

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Response of Potato to Ash as an Alternative Source of Potassic Fertilizer

 M. M. Rahman¹, M. A. Kader¹, A. Z. M. Moslehuddin¹, M. M. Hasan^2*, A. B. Siddique¹  , S. M. Shamsuzzaman³ and  A. W. Samsuri⁴

¹Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

²Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

³Soil Resource Development Institute, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh.

⁴Department of Land Management, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Corresponding author: samsuri@agri.upm.edu.my

Abstract: An experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2011-2012 in the experimental field of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. The objectives of present research work was to evaluate ash as an alternative source of potassic fertilizer for potato cultivation. The treatment combinations were i)  Control (No K), ii) 100% K of recommended dose from muriate of potash (MoP), iii) 75% K from MoP+ 25% K from ash, iv) 50% K from MoP + 50% K from ash, v) 25% K from MoP + 75% K from ash, and vi) 100% K from ash. The result of the experiment indicated that various combinations of ash and MoP influenced the yield, yield contributing characters (length of the tubers, breadth of the tubers, number of tubers per hill, weight of tubers per hill, weight of ten tubers and gross yield of tubers per plot), K content of po tato as well as weed infestation. Among the treatments the highest yield was obtained from 50% K from MoP + 50% from ash (T₃) treated plot. The K content in the potato tuber and weed infestation was also highest for that plot. Considering the yield contributing parameters, yield and number of weeds the T₃ (50% K from MoP + 50% K from ash) treatment was found more suitable than others.

 [Rahman MM, Kader MA, Moslehuddin AZM, Hasan MM, Siddique AB, Shamsuzzaman SM, Samsuri AW. Response of Potato to Ash as an Alternative Source of Potassic Fertilizer. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):14-19] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.02

Key words: Ash, potassic fertilizer, alternative source, potato yield, K content.

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The transformation of the vascular flora of limestone monadnocks by rock climbing

Anna Bomanowska¹, Agnieszka Rewicz¹, Anna Kryscinska²

¹Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland,

²Smugowa 33/8, 95-200 Pabianice, Poland

knopikaa@biol.uni.lodz.pl

Abstract: The study examines the impact of rock climbing on the richness and diversity of vascular plants in one of the most popular climbing areas in Poland, named the Mirow Rocks. The study assesses the ecological effects of climbing by comparing how the vascular flora differs on climbing routes with respect to level of climbing difficulty, occurrence of protection points, intensity of climbing as well as rock surface smoothing. The results indicate that it is necessary to control tourism and rock climbing in order to reduce their negative impact on species diversity in the vascular flora on rock surfaces. Preservation of the monadnock habitat may be the most important short term management goal.

[Bomanowska A, Rewicz A, Kryscinska A. The transformation of the vascular flora of limestone monadnocks by rock climbing. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):20-28] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.03

Keywords: Disturbance; floristic diversity; limestone rocks; karst landscape; recreation; Poland.

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Effects of age and sex in several biochemical parameters in healthy subject in Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Hamed Kouja¹and Haleema Al-Nahari²

¹Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

²Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

halnahari7@gmail.com

Abstract: This project study the liver function tests in different age groups and in both males and females individuals. Specimens collected were sera from groups of normal persons 30 males and 30 females and age groups from 2-12, 13-49, and 50-65  years. Parameters measured included bilirubin, direct bilirubin,  alanine transaminase (ALT), gamaglutamyl transferase (GGT), blood urea nitrogen  (BUN), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and chloride (Cl). The results show significant decrease in bilirubin and direct bilirubin in all groups of females whereas the mean ALT values were higher in men than in women in age 13-49 and 50-65 years.  GGT and BUN values were higher in men than in women in age 2-12 and 13-49 yeas. Potassium (K) values were higher in men compared with women in age 2-12 and 50-65 years. Serum concentrations of sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) did not show sex differences. This study showed that there was evidence for age and sex-related differences in several liver function test parameters.

[Hamed Kouja and Haleema  Al-Nahari. Effects of age and sex in several biochemical parameters in healthy subject in Jeddah Saudi Arabia]. Life Sci J 2014; 11(11): 29-38] (ISSN: 1097-8135) .http://www.lifesciencesite.com 4. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.04

Key words: Age, Sex, bilirubin, direct bilirubin,  alanine transaminase (ALT), gamaglutamyl transferase (GGT), blood urea nitrogen  (BUN), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and chloride (Cl).

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The correlation of FHIT gene mutation and smoking in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a Meta-analysis

Song Fei-xiang¹, Xiao Yue-xing², Guo Su-fang³, Zhang Hai-bo⁴, Wang Ying-qiang³, Zhang Xia¹, Cui Yu-mei⁵

¹Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Beijing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, China

²Department of Endocrinology. Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China

³Department of Oncology. The Sixth Hospital of Handan, China

⁴Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, China

⁵Department of Emergency, The Sixth Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China

Tel.:+86-1057212550; Fax: +86-1057212550; Email: yum_cui@163.com

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between FHIT gene mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and smoking status by meta-analysis. Methods: Publications addressing the association between FHIT gene mutation in non-small cell lung cancer and smoking status were selected from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases. Data was extracted from the studies by 2 independent reviewers. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.0.25 and STATA 10.0 softwares. From these data, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results: Thirteen studies were retrieved reporting a total of 1649 NSCLC patients. Meta-analysis results showed a significant association between FHIT gene mutation and smoker with non-small cell lung cancer (OR=3.04, 95%CI=1.68-5.51, P=0.0002), especially in smoker with squamous cell carcinoma (OR=8.07, 95%CI=2.00-32.56, P=0.003). However, there was no significant association between FHIT gene mutation and smoker with adenocarcinoma (OR=1.41, 95%CI=0.60-3.28, P=0.43). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that there was a significant association between FHIT gene mutation in NSCLC and smoking status, especially in smoker with lung squamous cell carcinoma.

[Song Fei-xiang, Xiao Yue-xing, Guo Su-fang, Zhang Hai-bo, Wang Ying-qiang, Zhang Xia, Cui Yu-mei. The correlation of FHIT gene mutation and smoking in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a Meta-analysis.

Life Sci J .2014;11(11):39-42] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.05

Key Words:Non-small cell lung cancer; Smoking status; FHIT gene; Gene mutation; Meta-analysis.

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Improving Growth and Yield of Salt-stressed Cowpea Plants by Exogenous Application of Ascobin

Zinab A. Abdelgawad

Botany Department, Women’s College for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

zinab_abdelgawad@hotmail.com

Abstract: Among the abiotic stresses, salinity is one of the most destructive factors which limit crop production considerably. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Botany Department. Ain shams University, Cairo, Egypt during  two successive summer seasons 2011 and  2012 to study the differential responses of cowpea (Vigna sinensis) to salinity stress (0, 50 and 75 mM) and foliar treatment with Ascobin (compound composed of ascorbic acid and citric acid with ratio of 2:1). Irrigation with different salinity levels caused significant reduction in fresh and dry weight of cowpea plants. Meanwhile total soluble sugars content was increased under salt stress conditions. Salinity stress with different levels caused higher reduction in yield and yield components (Number of pods/plant, yield/plant and weight of 100seeds) Application of Ascobin not only mitigated the inhibitory effect of salt stress in cawpea, but also in some cases induced a stimulatory effect greater than that estimated in the control plants on growth parameters which were accompanied by marked increases in photosynthetic pigments. On the other hand, yield and yield components showed progressive increases with increasing Ascobin treatments. Ascobin improved salt tolerance in cowpea by enhancing the accumulation of nontoxic metabolites such as total soluble sugars, proline and glycine betaine as well as N, P and K as protective adaptation.

[Abdelgawad ZA. Improving Growth and Yield of Salt-stressed Cowpea Plants by Exogenous Application of Ascobin. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):43-51] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.06

Keywords: Ascobin; Metabolites; Yield; Salt stress; Vigna sinensis.

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Electrochemical Characterization of Titanium Oxide Nanotubes Fabricated by Anodizing in Three Kinds of Electrolytes

A. A. Al-Swayih

Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University

aswayih@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present paper is focused on comparative behavior of various nanotubes growth on titanium using electrochemical procedure. The anodizing method under controlled conditions was performed in three kinds of electrolytes as following: a mixture of fluoride salts as inorganic solution (1M (NH₄)₂SO₄ + 0.5 wt.% NH₄F),  and an organic solution as Glycerol + NH₄F (0.5 wt.%), and a mixture of glycerol and water (1:1 vol.%) + 0.5 wt.% NH₄F. The obtained surface nanostructures were investigated with a Scanning Electron Microscope, open circuit potential, Tafel plots and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. As a conclusion the titanium oxide nanotubes obtained in hybrid organic + inorganic components as glycerol-water (1:1 vol.%) + 0.5 wt.% NH₄F leads to more performances. The presence of glycerol with water in the electrolyte can facilitate the formation of well-ordered TiO₂ nanotubes. This is not observed in organic electrolyte, because the glycerol causing a greater ohmic potential drops, and the high viscosity of glycerol can suppress the formation of nanotube structure.

[A. A. Al-Swayih. Electrochemical Characterization of Titanium Oxide Nanotubes Fabricated by Anodizing in Three Kinds of Electrolytes. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):52-59]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com 7. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.07

Key words: Titanium oxide nanotube, anodization, biomaterials, Hank's solution.

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Blood Components and Milk Production As Affected By Supplementing Ration With Thiamin In Ewe Sohagi Sheep.

Solouma G. M.¹ , A. M. Kholif², H. A. Hamdon³, Hend A. Aziz⁴ and Ahlam A. El-Shewy²

¹Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

²Dairy Science Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

³Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley, Assuit University, Egypt.

⁴Animal Production Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.

ahlam58aa@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin B1 (thiamin) in Sohagi sheep ’rations on blood component and milk yield. Twenty-four lactating Sohagi sheep were assigned randomly into three experimental treatments (eight animals in each treatment). The experimental period lasted 12 weeks. Sheep received daily the basal diet plus 0, 20 or 40 mg/day thiamin for the control, treatment T20 and T40, respectively. The ewes were fed thiamin two weeks before lambing. The control diet consisted of berseem hay, wheat straw and concentrate feed mixture (as 1 : 1 : 2 on DM basis). Blood sample were taken before lambing and monthly after lambing to determined blood components (Total protein, Albumen, Glucose, GOT, GPT, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4 hormones) and Milk yield were determined. The results indicated that total protein, Albumin and globulin increased significantly (P<0.01) in the T40 and T20 treatment compared with control. No significant differences were found among treatments concerning glucose, GOT, GPT, cholesterol, triglycerides and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) with slightly increase in values in T40 and T20 treatments, respectively compared with control. Total milk yield (TMY) was significantly higher in T40 than other treatments. At the same time, TMY in T20 was higher than control. Positive coloration between blood component and total milk yield in ewes fed thiamin specially in third group (T40) which fed 40 mg thiamin. It could be concluded that thiamin supplementation to diets improved the blood component and increased milk production. The study recommends adding thiamine rate of 40 mg / head / day under Egyptian circumstances improved the physiological status and milk production in ewe .

[Solouma G.M., A. M. Kholif, H.A. Hamdon, Hend A. Aziz and Ahlam A. El-Shewy. Blood Components and Milk Production As Affected By Supplementing Ration With Thiamin In Ewe Sohagi Sheep. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):60-65] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.08

Keywords: thiamin, Sohagy sheep, milk yield, blood components, correlations.

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The Effect of Eco-Clothing on Human Health and the Environment inside the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

¹Samia Ibrahim Lotfy Elsaman and ²Enaam Elsayed Abouzeid

¹Home Economics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

²Home Economics Department, Faculty of Education, King Fisal, Al Hofuf, Al Ahsa, Kingdom Saudi Arabia

samia-1949@hotmail.com,     alsayedabou@yahoo.com

Abstract: This research aims to evaluate consumer awareness about eco-clothing and to determine the safety limits of existing, imported and local clothes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)’s markets. Descriptive and empirical methods were used to evaluate a sample of 150 Saudi customers and a number of children’s, men’s and women's clothing shops regarding both underwear and outerwear. A set of clothes, consisting of 10 types, were analyzed using questionnaires and ecological analyses. The results indicated that Saudi consumer awareness about eco-clothing is weak. In terms of imported clothes, most consumers do not know about clothing safety limits, and this lack of knowledge suggests that all clothing exports into KSA's markets should be regulated.

[Samia Ibrahim Lotfy Elsaman and Enaam Elsayed Abouzeid. The Effect of Eco-Clothing on Human Health and the Environment inside the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Life Sci. J 2014; 11(11):66-83] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.09

Keywords: Environment, Environmental Ecology, Eco-clothing, Cleaner Production, Secure limits.

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Preparing Kazakh youth for family life on the basis of ethno cultural values   

Muratbaeva G.A.¹, Konyrbaeva S.S.², Mashenbaev T.B.³, Kabakenov G.U.⁴

¹ Doctor of pedagogical science, Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University.

² Candidate of pedagogical science, Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University.

³ Candidate of pedagogical science, Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University, Aiteke bi street 99. Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

⁴ PhD, Caspian State University of Technologies and Engineering named after Sh. Yessenov, Aktau city, 130003, Kazakhstan.

pedsheberlik@mail.ru

Abstract: Clarifying ethno cultural values of adolescents in Kazakhstan, this paper highlights the problem of youth preparation for family life. As it is known, ethno cultural values have a great influence on pedagogical education and upbringing in the family, and they play a significant role in raising more civilized future family men. In the course of research into ethno cultural values, the issue of preparing youth for family life will be theoretically interpreted and its core model will be made. Moreover, more detailed description of ethno cultural values of young people needs comparative, complex and systematic analyses and the use of axiological and ethno pedagogical methods.

[Muratbaeva G.A., Konyrbaeva S.S., Mashenbaev T.B., Kabakenov G.U. Preparing Kazakh youth for family life on the basis of ethno cultural values. Life Sci J 2014; 11(11):84-89] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.10

Keywords: youth in Kazakhstan, pedagogical education, ethno cultural values, preparation for family life.

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Age structure of Ficus benghalensis L.: a Threatened Introduced Population in Ismailia, Egypt

Abdel-Raouf A. Moustafa¹*, Raafat H. Abdelwahab^1,2, Mohamed S. Zaghloul¹, Ashraf A. Salman^3,4 and Ahmed A. Ahmed¹

¹Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

² Science Department, Faculty of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait

³Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said Egypt

⁴ Biology Departments, Preparatory Year Deanship, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia

raoufmoustafa2@hotmail.com; officiallylegal31@hotmail.com; dr_ashraf11@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the age structure of Ficus benghalensis trees including the oldest and youngest tree in the main population and proposing certain conservation plan for conserving the landscape of Ismailia which is established by Ficus trees. F. benghalensis is considered one of the most important trees on our planet due to its medicinal and economic importance and represents the first line of defense against undesirable meteorological conditions such as windy and sandy storms. Four localities for F. benghalensis were chosen for this study, the major vegetative parameters were measured in a total of 114 trees in those four main localities; El­-Mawany area, Mohamed Ali area, Amon area and Nemra Ceta area. Crown cover, tree height, circumference at base, circumference at breast height, vitality, number of aerial roots and number of annual rings were measured for all trees at the four localities. The assessment of age dating of F. benghalensis was through inspecting the cut trees and counting the annual rings. Soil analyses were done including soil texture, organic matter, pH, and EC. Regression equation was used to calculate diameter and annual rings of each branch of main trunk of trees. The results based on the regression revealed that the oldest F. benghalensis tree was located at (El-Mawany area) with 394 years, and the second oldest tree was found at Nemra Ceta area with 357 years.

[Abdel-Raouf A. Moustafa, Raafat H. Abdelwahab, Mohamed S. Zaghloul, Ashraf A. Salman and Ahmed A. Ahmed. Age structure of Ficus benghalensis L.: a Threatened Introduced Population in Ismailia, Egypt. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):90-97] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.11

Keywords: Conservation, threatened populations, landscape, age dating.

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Effect of Growth Hormone 2,4-D on Some Callus Traits of Different Faba Bean ( Vicia Faba L.) Cultivars

Omar Abdelhakeem Almaghrabi

Biological science Department, Faculty of Science-North Jeddah, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, KSA

omarmg07@hotmail.com 

Abstract: In order to further increase the callus induction frequency of faba bean (Vicia fab L.), the effect of growth hormone 2,4-D on this process was investigated in this study. Different concentrations of 2,4-D (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg L^-1) were added to callus induction medium . Cotyledons explants collected from 14-21 days old seedling of two different cultivars, Giza 2 and Giza 843, were treated with previously growth hormone. The results indicated that the singinifant values of callus induction, callus fresh weight and friability of callus at p≤ 0.001 were observed between the different concentrations of 2,4-D . Callus induction efficiency varied from 72% at 4 mg L^-1 to 97%at 2 mg L^-1 depending on the 2,4-D concentrations. The highest value (0.714 g   ) of callus fresh weight was detected at 4 mg L^-1 2,4-D in Giza 843. It could be concluded that, in two cultivars of faba bean, the effect of different concentration of 2,4-D were more effect on friable callus in order to 4<3<2<1 mg L-1 of 2,4-D.

[Omar Abdelhakeem Almaghrabi. Effect of Growth Hormone 2,4-D on Some Callus Traits of Different Faba Bean ( Vicia Faba L.) Cultivars. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):98-102]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com 12. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.12

Key Words: Faba bean, growth hormone, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, callus Induction, callus fresh weight, friable callus

Abbreviations: (2,4-D) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; (MS) Murashige and Skoog medium

(Coty.) Cotyledons. (ADW) Autoclaved Distilled Water.

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Economical and Immunological Evaluation of Probiotic (L. acidophilus) In Male Castrated Goats within Egypt

Mohamed A.E.¹ Omar, Ali M. A² and Kamel M.A.³

¹Dept. of Animal Wealth Development Fac. Vet. Med., Zagazig Univ. Zagazig, Egypt

²Dept. of Animal Wealth Development Fac. Vet. Med., Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt

³Dept. of Pharmacology Fac. Vet. Med., Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt

omarkafafy@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was aimed to economic and immunological evaluation of Probiotic (L. acidophilus) in male castrated Goats. A total number of 24 male castrated goats were used in this study. The Goats were classified into 3 equal groups, each of eight and having nearly the same body weight. The first group was left as a normal control (non-treated and non-vaccinated). The second group was vaccinated by clostridia polyvalent vaccine by injecting 3 ml of the vaccine once under the skin of neck region. The third group was vaccinated in the same manner and given also the probiotic daily for successive 90 days in a dose of 3 gm /head. Immunological parameters (Total leucocytic count, lysozyme activity and serum nitric oxide) and Economical measures ( total cost, total returns and net profit) were evaluated in differernt groups. The obtained results revealed that the total leukocytic count, lysozyme activity and serum nitric oxide were significantly increase in the third groups as compared with the vaccinated and control groups. And the economic measures revealed that the most economic profit (LE/Animal) was present in the third group that vaccinated and given the probiotic (L. acidophilus). Finally, from our obtained results, we can conclude that the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus possesses an immunostimulating properties evidenced by an increase in total leucocytic count, lysozyme activity and serum nitric oxide. This was reflected on the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency on castrated male goats. So we recommended from our economic results that using Lactobacillus acidophilus in fattening goats daily for successive 90 days in a dose of 3 gm /head will increase economic profit.

[Mohamed A.E., Omar, Ali M. A and Kamel M.A. Economical and Immunological Evaluation of Probiotic (L. acidophilus) In Male Castrated Goats within Egypt. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):103-107]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.13

Key words: Male castrated Goats, Immunological parameters, Economic Evaluations, Egypt.

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Synthesis of Some New Quinazoline Derivatives as Potential Anti-Infective Agents

Menshawy A. Mohamed ^(1,2), Ahmed M. Alafeefy⁽¹⁾, Sami G. Abdel hamid^(1,3)

¹ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Salman bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia

² Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt,

³ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt,

sgaber51@gmail.com

Abstract: A new series of the fused heterocyclic analogs 4-oxo-6-iodo-2-tolyl-3H-quinazoline were prepared and screened for their antimicrobial activity. Compounds 8, 11 and 12 showed remarkable broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. The fused heterocycles 14-oxo-6-iodo-2-tolyl-3H-quinazoline nucleus proved to contribute for antimicrobial activity. The detailed synthesis and their antimicrobial screening are reported.

[Menshawy A. Mohamed, Ahmed M. Alafeefy and Sami G. Abdel hamid. Synthesis of Some New Quinazoline Derivatives as Potential Anti-Infective Agents. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):108-112] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com.14. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.14

Key words: synthesis, 4-oxo-6-iodo-2-tolyl-3H-quinazoline, antimicrobial screening.

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Bond behavior of Concrete Beam Reinforcement by GFPR Bars

Hamdy Kamal Shehab eldin, Mohamed Hussein, Khaled Fawzy and Shady Khairy.

Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Egypt.

khaled_lashen1@yahoo.com

Abstract: In recent years, some attempts have been performed to extend general design rules reported in the codes for steel reinforced concrete to Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials; this is the case of relationships adopted in the evaluation of the development length clearly derived by extension of the formulations used for steel bars. However, such relationships seem to be inappropriate for FRP reinforcing bars: in fact, experimental test results have shown that bond behavior of FRP bars is different from that observed in case of deformed steel ones. As a consequence, a new procedure for the evaluation of development length based on an analytical approach is needed in order to directly account for the actual bond-slip constitutive law as obtained by experimental tests on different types of FRP reinforcing bars. During this research contribution, an experimental study of GFRP bar concrete bond test is carried out and presented to investigate the bond stress–slip behavior for normal and fiber concrete. The tested specimens included 19 concrete beams by 1200mm as a length, 200mm as a width and 100mm as height .The GFRP bars embedded in concrete beams by embedded length equal 100mm and 250mm.This research effort aims at underlining the effects of embedded length of (GFRP), the fiber, and the dynamic load on the maximal bond stress.

[Hamdy Kamal Shehab eldin, Mohamed Hussein, Khaled Fawzy and Shady Khairy. Bond behavior of Concrete Beam Reinforcement by GFPR Bars. Life Sci. J 2014; 11(11):113-123] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com 15. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.15

Keywords: R C beams, Bond, Embedded length, Fiber reinforced polymers; FRP, Tension stiffening.

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Transformation of the Russian working class as the globalization process

Igor Yurasov, Natalya Popova, Eduard Alekhin

Department of Economics and Management, Penza State Technological University, Penza, Russia.

Department of State Management, Penza State University, Penza, Russia.

jurassow@mail.ru

Abstract: The globalization of economic relations results in significant structural change of Russian society. When Russian society is going through a stable period of development it takes the form of estates, in unstable periods it turns into classes . It is a notable distinction of the Russian working class. Russian industrial workers are exposed to social transformation, similar to that experienced in Western Europe and North America. Among the processes that have affected the Russian industrial and agricultural proletariat, we should note reduction in the total number of workers, lumpenization and transformation into smallholders and entrepreneurs, etc.

[Igor Yurasov, Natalya Popova, Eduard Alekhin. Transformation of the Russian working class as the globalization process. Life Sci. J 2014; 11(11):124-507] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com 16. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.16

Key words: Social transformation * Globalization* Working class* Lumpenization* Transformation into smallholders.

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Evaluating Common Spaces in residential communities: An Examination of the Relationship between Perceived Environmental Quality of Place and Residents’ Satisfaction

Mayam Shabak, Nima Norouzi, Aminatuzuhariah Bte Megat Abdullah, and Tareef Hayat Khan

Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

maryamshabak@gmail.com

Abstract: Gated communities as fruits of the high-density urbanism seek for security, prestige and new lifestyle and their common space is known as a significant component that could be one of the main reasons of residential satisfaction and life quality and creating sustainable urban living space in cities. Therefore, this paper presents a way of evaluation the success of a common space with dimensions measuring the quality of the relationship that residents have with their common space. Based on these dimensions, a questionnaire was administered to residents of different residential complexes in the city of Johor in Malaysia. Data was analyzed by SPSS and descriptive analysis to show which items are most important in the context of Malaysia to estimate the level of success in a common space. In addition, the research found which environmental quality aspects have more or fewer effects on residents’ satisfaction.

[Shabak M, Norouzi N, Megat Abdullah A, Khan H.T. Evaluating Common Spaces in residential communities: An Examination of the Relationship between Perceived Environmental Quality of Place and Residents’ Satisfaction. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):127-131] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.17

Keywords: Common space; residential community; environmental quality; residents’ satisfaction; gated communities.

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A Rationalization Electrical Postpaid Device

dr. khaled Nasir Al-O’hali

Faculty of Education, Qassim University

 e-mail: ersaliat@hotmail.com

Abstract:This paperproposed a palm-size devicereads the amount of electricity consumed anddisplays the cost by local currency. The consumer can monitor the amount of electrical energy consumed on daily basis (per second) even fromoutside hislocal areathrough the internet and othermodern means of communication.Also consumer coulddetect the consumption of all rooms through another device reader engaged in electrician plug to give an instantly reading for the total amount consumed at home.The proposed device consists of two main parts, the first (Distribution panel) issettled atcutters, transformersand meter of the house. It act as transducer device that convert the reading of the energy consumed fromanalog into a digital form then moving this readingas a specific frequency instantly which moves as digital signs by the Program Line Career through the wire entering the feed loads consumed through the frequency modulations device.  These signals will be received through a frequency receiver based on the readings of the amount of electricity entering the fund and then transfer it to the readings device for the consumer and then sent to the home of conductive wires .At that point the second device receives, read these waves and convert them to a digital reading.

[dr. khaled Nasir Al-O’hali. A Rationalization Electrical Postpaid Device. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):132-137] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com 18. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.18

Keywords:   Rtonalization ,Electric Postpaid ,  Postpaid Device.

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Synthesis of Some Novel Antibacterial Sulfonamide Reactive Dyes

Hatem E.Gaffer^1*, Mohamed E.Mohamed² and Magdy K.Zahran²

¹Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt

² Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt.

* hatem197@yahoo.com  

Abstract: Several new of sulfonamide based reactive dyes (D1-D4) has been synthesized by coupling reaction of sulfonamide diazonium salt with sulfonamido-cyanurated H-acid. The chemical structure of the synthesized dyes was secured by their spectral data e.g. Elemental analysis, IR, ¹HNMR and MS spectroscopy. The principle advantage here for using sulfonamide based moiety is that the activity of antimicrobial is high, short reaction time and reaction procedure is done in few steps, the work up is convenient and thus the starting material can be easily found.

[Hatem E. Gaffer, Mohamed E. Mohamed and Magdy K. Zahran. Synthesis of Some Novel Antibacterial Sulfonamide Reactive Dyes. Life Sci J 2014; 11(11):138-142]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 19. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.19

Keywords: Sulfonamide; H-acid; antimicrobial; reactive dyes.

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Monetary Union of the CIS countries as a strategy for economic consolidation in the post-crisis environment

Olga Digilina¹, Irina Teslenko², Olga Kornilova³

¹Doctor of Economics, Professor Head of Department of Economics Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration the Vladimir branch, Russian Federation. o.b.digilina@mail.ru

²Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of Department of Business Informatics and Economics Vladimir State University, Russian Federation. iteslenko@inbox.ru

³Ph.Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor of Department of Business Informatics and Economics Vladimir State University, Russian Federation. olgakornilova2006@yandex.ru

Abstract: The article shows the need for further cooperation in the monetary sphere between the CIS countries and justified prerequisites for monetary union in the former Soviet space. The article proves that the strategy of economic consolidation can be implemented in the post-crisis development.

[Digilina O.B., Teslenko I.B. Monetary Union of the CIS countries as a strategy for economic consolidation in the post-crisis environment. Life Sci J 2014; 11(11):143-150]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 20. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.20

Keywords: monetary integration, monetary union, harmonization of the currency area, monetary policy.

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The example of an assessment and selection of the optimal variant of technological process of iron smelting

¹A. S. Puryaev, ²E. A. Rybkina, ³ L. G. Zakirova

¹Department of Logistics and Marketing, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Naberezhnye Chelny Institute

²Department «Management of enterprises», Kazan State Power Engineering University

³CJSC «AGROFORCE GROUP»

E-mail: aidarp@mail.ru

Abstract. The example of an assessment and selection of the optimal variant of technology smelting from set of existing alternatives on the basis of the method developed by the author is presented.

[A.S.Puryaev, E.A.Rybkina, L.G.Zakirova. The example of an assessment and selection of the optimal variant of technological process of iron smelting. Life Sci J 2014; 11(11):151-156]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 21. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.21

Key words: pig iron smelting; desirability function; methods of optimization.

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Global stabilization for Noval chaotic dynamical system

M. M. El-Dessoky^{1, 2}

¹Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

²Department of Mathematics, Faculty of science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt

dessokym@mans.edu.eg

Abstract: This paper introduces a simple feedback control strategy for chaotic systems is investigated using the Noval system as an example. Based on the theory of nonlinear differential equations and Gerschgorin theorem, a control scheme is proposed for global stabilizing the unstable equilibria of Noval chaotic dynamical system. Using a suitable designing to the feedback gain matrix which depends on a few algebraic inequalities, chaotic orbits are suppressed and dragged to the target (system's equilibria). Numerical simulation results are presented to verify our control method.

[El-Dessoky MM. Global stabilization for Noval chaotic dynamical system. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):157-162] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 22. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.22

Keywords: Noval system, Chaotic system; Equilibrium point; Global stability; Gerschgorin theorem; Numerical simulation.

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Genetic Diversity and Selection for Salt Tolerant accessions of Brassica rapapopulations

Mohamed A. Karam^1*, Yasser S. Morsi¹, Reda H.A. Sammour² and  Refaat M. Ali¹

¹ Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Fayoum, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt.

² Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt.

* Corresponding author mak04@fayoum.edu.eg

Abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate genetic diversity and genomic relationships of 14 populations of B. rapa with different centers of originsbased on polymorphism of four isozyme systems. The selectionof salt tolerant accessions was carried out by treatment with 150 mMNaCland the molecular characterization was achieved using RAPD analysis. The studied populations were classified into three groups based on allele frequency confirming genetic divergence of the studied populations as a result of different breeding traditions in different parts of the world. The highest values of genetic diversity measures were observed for the populations of B. rapassp. chinensis with Chinese and unknown origin followed by the Chinese B. rapa ssp. pekinensis. The genetic relationships among the studied populations based on Nei’s genetic distance derived from isozyme data coincide with their breeding history. The variation between the salt tolerant and salt sensitive accessions as observed from RAPD pattern was attributed to the genetic divergence among salt tolerant and sensitive accessions. The salt tolerant accessions can be selected as resources to improve the salt stress tolerance in B. napusby sequencing of characteristic RAPD bands in marker assisted selection.

[Mohamed A. Karam, Yasser S. Morsi, Reda H.A. Sammour and  Refaat M. Ali. Genetic Diversity and Selection for Salt Tolerant accessions of Brassica rapa populations. Life Sci J 2014; 11(11): 163-172] (ISSN: 1097-8135).http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 23. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.23

Keywords: Brassica, isozyme, RAPD, genetic diversity, oilseed rape  

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Ephemeral Beauteous Grief at the Altars of a Phantom Caesar: Aphra Behn’s African Imoinda

Bayan A. AlAmmouri

Faculty of Foreign Languages, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Bayan.alammouri@gmail.com

Abstract: Oroonoko is a masterpiece of the portrayal of the faults and misunderstandings of honor. Aphra Behn presents her readers with an archetype male character who is deluded with the royalism thrust upon him. In an attempt to regain Caesarean glory, Oroonoko, the protagonist of the text, obliterates Imoinda’s verve. We aim at deconstructing Oroonoko’s valor in relation to Imoinda’s submissiveness explicating a pantomime victim.

[Bayan A. AlAmmouri. Ephemeral Beauteous Grief at the Altars of a Phantom Caesar: Aphra Behn’s African Imoinda. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):173-176] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 24. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.24

Keywords: chastity, honor, masculinity, dominance, male-supremacy, and beauty.  

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Applicative computations and applicative computational technologies

Larisa Yusifovna Ismailova

National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute),

Kashirskoye Shosse, 31, Moscow, 115409 Russian Federation

lyu.ismailova@gmail.com

Abstract: This paper is aimed as a comparative study the main styles of applicative computations. This is a kind of computations where the objects could symmetrically act each other using the only metaoperation of application. The application, when done, results in a value which can be used as the object which can act with other objects on equal rights. This evaluation is considered in three main directions: 1) in mathematics, 2) in programming, and 3) in computing. It is shown that the evolution of the methods of evaluation the symbolic objects is moved to the modeling the interaction of objects as the interaction of corresponding information processes of reductions and/or expansions.

[Ismailova LYu. Applicative computations and applicative computational technologies. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):177-181] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 25. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.25

Keywords: Objects, combinatory logic, applicative computational system, computational model, programming, computing.

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The Cultural Aspect of Translation: The Workability of Cultural Translation Strategies in Translating Culture-Specific Texts

Dr. Rafat Y. Alwazna

Department of European Languages and Literature, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Western Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mailing address: Dr Rafat Alwazna, P.O. Box 14354, Jeddah 214424, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mobile: 00966504510911; alwazna@gmail.com

Abstract: Culture generally reflects the attitude towards other cultures, people, events and the whole world alongside the way in which attitudes are mediated. In other words, culture points to a set of values and beliefs generally shared by specific social groups and to the stance adopted by text producers and receivers, including translated texts during the process of mediation (Faiq, 2004, 1). Translation has with no doubt played a substantial role in intercultural communication, which has led to large cultural shifts from one culture to another, thus having a great deal of communication between diverse cultures through language (Faiq, 2004, 1). When translation takes place between two different cultures, An inevitable conflict between them for influence and power may emerge. This often results in some form of mediation whose realization can be recognised through language (Faiq, 2004, 2). The concepts of domestication and foreignisation, addressed by Venuti (1995, 1996 and 1998), have been presented as opposed cultural translation strategies that have created a longitudinal dispute among both translation theorists and translation practitioners. This is due to the fact that domestication leads to translation violence through the reconstruction and adaptation of the source text so as to fit the beliefs and values specific to the target language culture, whereas foreignisation gives rise to exoticism through inserting cultural references peculiar to the source language culture in the target text, thus creating foreign terms to the culture of the target reader. The present paper argues for a middle ground; using a double-strategy as a cultural translation strategy which aims at both retaining the content of the source text in the target text and producing a target text which can be comprehended by the target reader.

[Dr. Rafat Y. Alwazna. The Cultural Aspect of Translation: The Workability of Cultural Translation Strategies in Translating Culture-Specific Texts. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):182-188] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 26. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.26

Key Words: Translation; culture; cultural translation strategy; domestication; foreignisation; translation violence; exoticism. 

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Pedagogical Conditions Of Forming Reading Interest Of Schoolchildren By Means Of The Kazakh National Pedagogy

Saule Magzhan, Zhanna Aydarkyzy Ismailova, Baltagul Ospankyzy Ospanova, Zhanar Kyikbaykyzy Suyinzhanova, Rano Alikyzy Supabekova, Alina Kuandykovna Bimaganbetova, Talgat Abubakirovich Daniyarov

Ahmed Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, 29 B. Sattarkhanov Avenue, 161200 Turkistan, Kazakhstan

Bimaganbetova-alina@mail.ru, science@iktu.kz

Abstract:The article deals with the theoretical development and experimental checking of the system of forming reading interest at schoolchildren taking into account pedagogical conditions it’s forming and developing by means of the Kazakh national pedagogy. The authors state that the upbringing potential of the Kazakh national pedagogy means in combination with the traditional practice of upbringing provides effectiveness and productivity of the process of forming reading interest of pupils in the content of ethno-cultural educational paradigm. In the work were used the following methods: theoretical analysis and studying philosophic, psychological-pedagogical literature, studying and synthesis of the advanced school experience of schools and libraries; organization and carrying out of the pedagogical experiment, comparative analysis; purposeful studying of activities of teachers, librarians, parents, pupils; questioning; statistic-mathematical methods of processing of the experimental work results.

[Saule Magzhan, Zhanna Aydarkyzy Ismailova, Baltagul Ospankyzy Ospanova, Zhanar Kyikbaykyzy Suyinzhanova, Rano Alikyzy Supabekova, Alina Kuandykovna Bimaganbetova, Talgat Abubakirovich Daniyarov. Pedagogical Conditions Of Forming Reading Interest Of Schoolchildren By Means Of The Kazakh National Pedagogy. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):196-204] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 27. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.27

Key words: forming reading interest, national pedagogy, upbringing potential, comprehensive school, age and individual features, pedagogical conditions, joint work of teachers and families.          

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Participation in microfinance scheme: A medium for empowering community with special reference to Nigeria

Mohammed Bashir Saidu¹, Asnarulkhadi Abu Samah^2*, Ma’arof Redzuan³, Nobaya Ahmad⁴

^{1, 2, 3, 4}(Department of Social and Development Science, Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia)

¹(Institute of Chartered Economists of Nigeria (ICEN))

Abstract: For the past three decades, microfinance scheme has become a key instrument for community empowerment in developing countries. In recent years the scheme has attracted international attention thereby assuming a prominent place in community development discourse. This paper discusses the role of microfinance scheme as a tool for community empowerment in Nigeria. Previous literature revealed that successive Nigerian governments in the past initiated a series of public financed programs and policies targeted at the poor but unfortunately, all those programs have failed to deliver. The current Nigerian government’s policy on National Economic Empowerment Development Strategy (NEEDS) where microfinance scheme is identified as one of the key instrument for empowerment is reviewed and discussed along the bottom-up principles. Lastly, this paper proposed a model of framework for microfinance in Nigerian context.

[Mohammed Bashir Saidu, Asnarulkhadi Abu Samah, Ma’arof Redzuan, Nobaya Ahmad. Participation in microfinance scheme: A medium for empowering community with special reference to Nigeria.Life Sci J 2014;11(11):196-204] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 28. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.28

Key words: Microfinance, empowerment, top-down approach, bottom-up approach and community development.

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Development of Basic Reading Module for Primary Indigenous at Urban Areas in Malaysia

Glaret Shirley Sinnappan³, Saedah Siraj¹, Norlidah Alias¹, Zaharah Hussin², Mohammad Fairus Hamdan³

¹Department of Curriculum and Instructional Technology, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

²Department of Educational Foundations and Humanities, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

³Dean’s Office, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

glarety@um.edu.my

Abstract: The Malaysian indigenous people are the first settlers in remote areas surrounded with rich nature resources and plants. It is pertinent that the curriculum for the indigenous people in Malaysia Indigenous Primary school should differ from the standard curriculum. This means that the New Primary School Syllabus (KBSR) should be modified to meet the learning needs of the indigenous children. We should take into account their beliefs, lifestyle, methods of communication and their other living aspects, which are different from other Malaysian citizens. The objective of the study is to develop a curriculum module for basic Malay reading for indigenous based on their culture pattern, natural resources found in the settlements of the indigenous people and their body movements. Various theories were used as a platform to design this module. This study consists of three research phases and the semi-structured interview and Delphi technique were used to collect data. The results were then used as a guide and basis for designing primary school curriculum for indigenous at urban areas in Malaysia.

[Glaret Shirley, S., Saedah S., Norlidah A., Zaharah, H., M. Fairus: Promote. Development of Basic Reading Module for Primary Indigenous at Urban Areas in Malaysia. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):205-217] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 29. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.29

Keywords: Urban education, multi-cultural education, students.

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The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationships between learning organization and career advancement among academic employees in Hamadan, Iran

Bita Parsa¹, Khairudin Bin Idris¹, Bahaman Bin Abu Samah¹, Nor Wahiza Binti Abdul Wahat¹, Parisa Parsa², Nakisa Parsa³

¹Department of Professional Development and Continuing Education, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, (UPM), Malaysia.

 ²Chronic Diseases Care (at Home) Research Center , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

³Department of Human Development & Family Studies Family, Faculty of Human Ecology, University

Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia

Corresponding author: Bita Parsa, email: bparsa2004@gmail.com

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine relationship between career advancement and learning organization through mediating effect of self-efficacy among academic employees in two public universities in Hamadan, Iran.  A survey using a self-administered structured questionnaire was done among 307 randomly selected academics. The results show that learning organization and self- efficacy were significantly related to academic career advancement (P<0.05).  The findings show self-efficacy has partially mediated the relationship between career advancement with learning organization (P<0.05). Therefore, universities may strength their academic self- efficacy to increase career advancement.

[Bita Parsa, Khairudin Bin Idris, Bahaman Bin Abu Samah, Nor Wahiza Binti Abdul Wahat, Parisa Parsa, NakisaParsa. The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationships between learning organization and careeradvancement among academic employees in Hamadan, Iran. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):218-222] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 30. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.30

Keywords: Learning organization; Career advancement; Self-efficacy; Academic employees; Iran.

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Сontemporary Kazakhstan Medieval Studies of the Periodization of the History of Early Medieval Europe

Zhumagulov Kalkaman

Department of History, Archeology and Ethnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan

Kalkaman.Zhumagulov@kaznu.kz

Abstract: The problem of periodization of both global and national history is amongst the most important problems of historical science. As is well-known, periodization is the establishment of chronologically successive stages in social development. And the basis for specifying these stages should be determinant factors, epochal events that are common to all countries or to the leading countries of the world. Soviet historiography (1917-1991) considered the year of 476 AD to be the end of the ancient history and the beginning of the Middle Ages.  But it is just a conditional date, the year of deposition of the last Western Roman Emperor. The background was founded a century before, in the second half of the fourth century, when the Great Migration in Europe began, and the Hunnic invasions of Europe agitated the entire Eurasian continent, Europe. This was an epochal event, common to all the countries of Europe and Asia. Therefore, we have compelling  reasons to date the beginning of the medieval history on a global basis, including the history of Kazakhstan, just from the second half of the fourth century (375 AD) - the turning point of the Great Migration in Eurasia.

[Zhumagulov K. Сontemporary Kazakhstan Medival Studies of the Periodization of the History of Early Medieval Europe. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):223-226] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 31. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.31

Keywords: Kazakhstan medieval studies; the Huns;  the Great Migration;  the Middle Ages; civilization

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Prevalence of glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase among Hyperbilrubinemic Neonates in Sohag Governorate, Egypt

Mostafa M Abosdera and Alzahraa E Almasry

Pediatric Department, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag, Egypt

aabosdera@yahoo.com

Abstract: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a frequent problem as neonatal jaundice affects 60% of full-term infants and 80% of preterm infants in the first 3 days of life. The relationship between G-6-PD deficiency and hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn period is well recognized. Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia resulting in Kernicterus is the most serious complication of this enzyme deficiency in the newborn period. Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is the most common enzymopathy of the glycolytic pathway in erythrocyte despite its rare occurrence. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of G-6-PD deficiency and pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency in neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia, and compare the clinical presentation and course of G-6-PD deficient and normal patients. This study was conducted on three hundred neonates with neonatal jaundice, 156 males and 144 females. They were selected from the NICU in Sohag University Hospital. Cases were recruited during the study period from April 2012 to March 2013.

[Mostafa M Abosdera and Alzahraa E Almasry. Prevalence of glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase among Hyperbilrubinemic Neonates in Sohag Governorate, Egypt. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):227-232] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 32. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.32

Key words: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH), Total serum bilirubin (TsB), Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), Pyruvate kinase (PK), Uridine- Di phosphate- Glucuronic acid transferase-1 (UDPGT-1).

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Endoscopic evaluation for the anterior and posterior segment of the eye: A new and useful technique for diagnosis of glaucoma in dogs

Abd-Elhamid M.A, Ali K.M and Ayman A. Mostafa.

Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.

drkhaled_ali@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective- This study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of endoscopy for examination of the anterior and posterior segments of the glaucomatous eyes. Animals: Fifteen dogs. Methods: Ocular examination was done using endoscopic probe (8.5mm diameter, Eickemeyer video endoscope unit supplied with halogen light source 150 watt (vetlux), Germany). The animals were sedated through intravenous injection of Xylazine (1mg/Kg body weight, ADWIA, Egypt). Surface corneal anesthesia was achieved by local application of Benox® (Benoxinate Hydrochloride 4mg, EIPICO, Egypt) to the eye under investigation. After sedation, the endoscopic probe was applied on the cornea and videos were monitored on the laptop and diagnostic images were captured and processed. Results: Primary open angle glaucoma was diagnosed in 2 cases. Goniodysgenesis with closure of the iridocorneal angle (ICA) by an iris like sheet was seen in 2 cases. Abnormal thickening of the pectinate ligament with closure of the ICA was observed in one case. Lens induced glaucoma was the most common type of the glaucoma seen in the presented cases (10 cases); phacomorphic glaucoma due to lens displacement was diagnosed in 5 cases, phacoanaphylactic glaucoma secondary to cataractous lens was diagnosed in 3 cases while pupillary block glaucoma (due to swelling of the cataractous lens) was seen in 2 cases. Conclusion: endoscopy is non invasive technique for diagnosis of glaucoma in dogs in which interior visualization of the eye is impossible such in cases with corneal edema and cataract.

[Abd-Elhamid M.A, Ali K.M and Ayman A. Mostafa. Endoscopic evaluation for the anterior and posterior segment of the eye: A new and useful technique for diagnosis of glaucoma in dogs. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):233-237]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 33. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.33

Keywords- endoscopy, glaucoma, lens luxation, eye, goniodysgenesis, dogs.

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A  Neural Network Based Approach  for Call Admission Control in Heterogeneous Networks

 Bushra Naeem^1,2*, Razali Ngah¹, Siti Zaiton Mohd Hashim³ , Wajahat Maqbool^1,2, Muhaddisa Barat Ali ^2,4

^1.  Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FKE), University Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Malaysia

^2. Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan

^3. Faculty of Computing Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Malaysia

^4. Department of Electrical Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey

bushra.naeem@ymail.com

Abstract: The next generation wireless networks will be based on infrastructure with the support of heterogeneous networks. In such a scenario, the users will be mobile between different networks; therefore the number of handovers that a user has to make will become greater. Thus, at a given instant, there will be great chance that a certain cell does not have capacity to sustain the need of users. This may result in great loss of calls and lead to poor quality of service. Moreover, in the future generation of wireless networks, end users will be able to connect any suitable network amongst available set of heterogeneous networks. This ability of an end user being connected to the network of their choice may also affect network load of various base stations. This necessitates for a suitable call admission control scheme for the implementation of heterogeneous networks in the future. Since the behavior of users arriving at any cell in heterogeneous network is unpredictable, we utilize neural network to model our heterogeneous network to admit network load, therefore the learned neural network is able to estimate when call should be admitted in a new situation. Results obtained indicate that neural network approach solves the problem of call admission control unforeseen real-time scenario. The neural network shows reduced error for the increased values of learning rate and momentum constant.

[Naeem B, Ngah R, Hashim SZM, Maqbool W, Ali MB. A  Neural Network Based Approach  for Call Admission Control in Heterogeneous Networks. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):238-242] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 34. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.34

Keywords: Load balancing; Heterogeneous Network (HetNet); picocell; femtocell; macrocell

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Biodegradation of crude oil enhancing by using nanoliposome

H.S. El-Sheshtawy*¹, Mohammed S.Z.¹, Renee I. Abdallah¹, Rasha A. Azzam², Mohamed S. AbdelFattah², Asmaa A. Meky¹

¹Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt

²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt.

dodoelsheshtawy@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present study is to replace the chemical surfactants that used for treatment the oil spill with alternate substrates. These substrates such as industries wastes which contain high level of phospholipids e.g. waste of soybean oil can be used in preparation of nano-liposome. Moreover, the use of waste contributes towards a reduction in environmental pollution and the economic valuation of such products. The nano-liposome and nano-surfactant associated nano-liposome was tested to enhance the biodegradation process by applying essential nutrients for bacterial growth.The percentage biodegradation of crude oil by six bacterial strains were estimated by gravimetric analysis. The bacterial strains were degraded the crude oil in range from (35 to 60 %) after 7 days of incubation period. The medium containing mixed bacterial consortium (Pseudomonas xanthomarina, Pseudomonas stutzeri and Bacillus subtilis spizizenii) in the presence of nano-liposome as natural surfactant gave the higher percentage of degradation at 60 %.On the other hand, the presences of nano-tween80 associated nano-liposome was enhanced the biodegradation process of n-paraffins more than iso-paraffins by some microorganisms. On contrary, the percentage degradation of iso-paraffins increased by other bacterial isolates when using the nanoliposome only.

[H.S. El-Sheshtawy, Mohammed S.Z., Renee I. Abdallah, Rasha A. Azzam, Mohamed S. AbdelFattah, Asmaa A. Meky. Biodegradation of crude oil enhancing by using nanoliposome. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):243-255] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 35. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.35

Key words: Biodegradation, chemical surfactant, crude oil, liposome, nanotween80, TEM, DSL.

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Effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the Soybean (Glycine max) yield and fertility of the irrigated soils

Nurgul Absadikovna Abdraimova¹, Amangeldi Kajiahmetovish Umbetov¹, Rahimzhan  Eleshevish Yeleshev¹, Robert Jay Goos²

¹Kazakh National Agrarian University, Abay Ave, 8, Almaty, 050010, Republic of Kazakhstan

²North Dakota State University, Fargo, 58105, North Dakota, USA 

Abstract. The researches were carried out during a number of years (2006-2008, 2012-2013) on the chestnut-like meadow soils at “Agrouniversitet” instructional farm. The plowing layer of the experimental plot’s soil contains 4.38% of humus substance, the volume of which tend to decrease gradually as it gets deeper. The contents of total nitrogen are 0.221%, phosphor – 0.190% and total potassium – 2.5%. Thus, results of our researches showed that mineral and organic fertilizers are the efficient factor with regards to the resource saving technology used to cultivate promising leguminous crops, which substantially increase the yielding capacity and gross harvest of seeds subject to diversification of crop science in the south-east of Kazakhstan.

[Abdraimova N.A., Umbetov A.K., Yeleshev R.E., Goos R.J. Effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the Soybean (Glycine max) yield and fertility of the irrigated soils. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):256-261] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 36. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.36

Keywords: soybean (Glycine max), chestnut-like meadow soil, nitrogen, phosphor, straw, cow dung

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Specific nature of the Tatar emigrant press

Vasil Zagitovich Garifullin, Lyailya Rashitovna Sabirova, Alia Zagirovna Mubarakzyanova

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Street, 18, Kazan, 420008, Russia

Abstract. The article analyzes the part and the place of periodicals in Tatar outside Russia. It shows formation and development of Tatar emigrant press, its enormous influence upon the process of social, political and cultural evolution of the Tatar nation in the ХХ century. Emphasis is laid upon the need for a special complex scientific research of emigrant periodical in order to objectively evaluate their part in the Tatar journalism history.

[Garifullin V.Z., Sabirova L.R., Mubarakzyanova A.Z. Specific nature of the Tatar emigrant press. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):262-264] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 37. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.37

Keywords: emigrant press, Tatar periodicals, audience, a subject area, a journal, a magazine

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Model of asset portfolio improvement in structured investment products

Igor Vasilievich Ilin, Vasily Igorevich Koposov,  Anastasia Ivanovna Levina

Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Polytechnicheskaya str., 29, Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russia

Abstract. Type of the investment portfolio model depends on a market trend. For a highly volatile market it is important to develop the algorithm of taking investment decisions, which is efficient regardless of the current trend and minimizes the negative risk effect. The authors propose to use Structured Investment Products as a strategy of investment portfolio management based on the combination of options, shares, bonds, swaps, etc. The authors have developed the mathematical model of the Asset Portfolio Improvement, the methodology of Structured Investment Products development and the algorithm of managing Structured Investment Products portfolio depending on option type. The model developed allows outlining the strategy of building and managing the investment portfolio with the regulated risk level, which raises the efficiency of investments in market instrument.

[Ilin I.V., Koposov V.I.,  Levina A.I. Model of asset portfolio improvement in structured investment products. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):265-269] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 38. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.38

Keywords: Structured Investment Products (SIP), portfolio, risk, profit, mathematical model

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Gender differences in lipid metabolism of the young patients with metabolic syndrome longtime living in the North

Elena Victorovna Korneeva, Natalia EvgenjevnaTrekina, Alla Victorovna Rudenko

Surgut State University, Lenina Street, 1, Surgut, 628412, Russia

Abstract. With the growth in the length of stay in the North increases the body need for energy and nutrients. Balanced diet is an important factor of human adaptation in the North. One of the alimentary significant factors in the development of obesity and MS is a disorder of eating behavior, which particularly affects the willingness of patients to be ready to conduct medical measures. About insufficient saturation of the organism shows an abnormal increase in serum ghrelin among patients with MS. There were also sex differences in the changes of lipid profile among 366 patients with metabolic syndrome. Logistic regression showed a difference in the correlations between the parameters of lipid metabolism, testosterone, leptin in serum among men and women. Bad normalization of serum lipid parameters among women is associated with more frequent presence of leptin resistance than men.

[Korneeva E.V., Trekina N.E., Rudenko A.V. Gender differences in lipid metabolism of the young patients with metabolic syndrome longtime living in the North. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):270-274] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 39. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.39

Keywords: cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, testosterone, leptin, ghrelin

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The Innovations of Abylay-khan

Mukhtar Bakhadyruly Kozha¹, Magripa Azhmahovna Zholseitova¹, Mels Maratovich Bakhtybayev¹, Sagynbay Serykbaevych Murgabaev¹, Yeraly Shardarbekuly Akymbek²

¹Khoja Ahmet Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, B. Sattarkhanov street, 29, Turkestan, 161200, Republic of Kazakhstan

²Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi street, 71, Alma-Ata, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan

E-mail: eraly_a@mail.ru, 87015707240

Abstract. This article covers the biography and innovations of Khan Abylay - an eminent military man and state leader of Kazakhstan in the 18^th century. The authors collected and analyzed information about the activity of this Kazakh ruler in many different sources. The most notable of his actions were the development of agriculture and Kazakh’s settled life. Besides, he built fortifications and restored the cities of South Kazakhstan as political, economic and military strategic centres of the country. Abylay created a guard of Tulenguts that was subordinated directly to khan. It may be considered a germ of regular army and forced punitive machinery of the country. The innovations of Abylay-khan consolidated the statehood of the Kazakhs and promoted the socio-economic development of the Kazakh society. Moreover, they predetermined the development of more progressive forms of economy – agriculture, trade and handicraft. The revealed innovations show that Abylay managed to find with perspicacity and pragmatics the priority vector for further socio-cultural evolution in Kazakh society according to the challenge of history. 

[Kozha M.B., Zholseitova M.A., Bakhtybayev M.M., Murgabaev S.S., Akymbek Y.S. The Innovations of Abylay-khan. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):275-277] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 40. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.40

Keywords: Late Medieval Kazakhstan, innovations, khan, Abylay

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Vibrocreep of concrete with a nonuniform stress state

Vladimir Ivanovich Rimshin¹, Evgeny Alekseevich Larionov¹, Vladimir Trofimovich Erofeyev², Vladimir Leonidovich Kurbatov³

¹ Moscow State Construction University, Yaroslavskoye Highway, 26, Moscow, 129337, Russia

² Mordovian State University named after N. P. Ogarev, Bolshevistskaya Str., 68, Saransk, 430005, Republic of Mordovia, Russia

³North Caucasian branch of the Federal Government's budget educational Institution of higher professional education "Belgorod State Technological University  named after V.G. Shukhov"

Zheleznovodskaya str., 24, Mineral Water city, 357202, Stavropol Territory, Russia

Abstract. We study the creep of concrete under stationary vibrations. Our considerations are connected with integral module of deformations. The influence of vibrocreep on bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete structure is considerable. Dependence between deformations and efforts is presented, structural damages of concrete are characterized by the temporary module of the line of deformations, the module of instant elastic deformations, nonlinearity function for efforts.

[Rimshin V.I., Larionov E.A., Erofeyev V.T., Kurbatov V.L. Vibrocreep of concrete with a nonuniform stress state. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):278-280] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 41. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.41

Keywords: creep, integral module, vibrations

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Development of Orthodox education in Nizhny Novgorod region as a factor of interfaith relations regionwide

Maria P. Samoylova

Linguistics University of Nizhny Novgorod, Minin Str., 31A, Nizhny Novgorod, 603155, Russia

Abstract. The article analyses the current state of most mass Orthodox educational institutions in the Nizhny Novgorod region – Sunday schools and gymnasia, to assess their relevance for interfaith relations in the region. The article reviews legal framework intended to ensure religious education in educational institutions, which regulates the content and range of academic disciplines, and serves as a conceptual basis for drawing up curricula at church educational institutions.

[Samoylova M.P. Development of Orthodox education in Nizhny Novgorod region as a factor of interfaith relations regionwide. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):281-284] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 42. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.42

Keywords: Orthodoxy, education, gymnasium

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Use of rankings to improve global competitiveness of Russian’s higher education institutions and technology exports

Paul W. Thurman¹, Irina Efimova²

¹Professor of Management, MS, MBA, DrPH, Director, Professional Development and Executive Education Programs, Columbia University, USA

²Head of Public Relations Office, Head of Office for Cooperation with Ranking Agencies, PhD in Sociology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia

Abstract. Authors analyze the mechanisms of universities in today's global knowledge economy, problems of integration into the world educational space and export of educational technologies, development of collaboration and academic mobility in educational and research areas between universities and research centers around the world to mutual development. Modern period development of Russia clearly identified the need to update the main priorities in the field of education in line with global trends. One such leading priority, as the quality of education found expression in national doctrine of Russian education. This circumstance is dictated by the presence of the basic contradiction between the modern requirements for quality of education provided by educational institutions and restrictions apply methods and technologies in the management process. Designing an effective system of quality management education is determined by a number of conditions and factors that create discomfort or provide adaptability alternatively.

[Thurman P.W., Efimova I. Use of rankings to improve global competitiveness of Russian’s higher education institutions and technology exports. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):285-289] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 43. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.43 

Keywords: global competitiveness, ranking of universities, research collaboration, export of educational programs and educational technologies, quality education management

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Ornythonym component and phraseological meaning

Roza Allyametdinovna Ayupova, Maryam Anasovna Bashirova, Olga Andreevna Bezuglova, Anastasia Aleksandrovna Kuznetsova, Kadrie Azatovna Sakhibullina

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 18, Kazan, 420008, Russia

Abstract. The paper represents the results of the research into phraseological and paremiological units with ornythonym component. According to the level of complexity of their semantic structure phraseological units are divided into 3 groups. Detecting the status of ornythonym components one should refer to this classification, because these two phenomena, i.e. the level of semantic complexity of the phraseological unit semantic structure and status of  its component parts, are closely related to each other.  Within the framework of this research studying symbolic meanings different birds are endowed in the English linguistic culture is given appropriate attention too, because most ornythonym components of phraseological units realize their symbolic meaning. Appearance, behavior, relations with other birds and different other characteristics of birds also serve as basis for metaphoric meaning realized in phraseology. 

[Ayupova R.A., Bashirova M.A., Bezuglova O.A., Kuznetsova A.A., Sakhibullina K.A. Ornythonym component and phraseological meaning. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):290-293] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 44. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.44 

Keywords: phraseological and paremiological units, ornythonym component, former, ghost, potential and real words, idiomatism, idiophraseomatism, phraseomatism

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Analysis of the age-related dynamics of measuring of Kazakhstan woman adults

Tavarkul Aljanovna Baskimbayeva, Yerkin Dhumahanovich Danebergenov, Saule Kurbanbekkyzy Nurbay

Tole bi Street, 100, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan 

Abstract. This study analysis the body sizes of Kazakhstan woman adults in order to categorize into 4 age groups. The sample size consisted of 1500 Kazakhstan females between the ages 18 and over 60 year. Most measurements items increased significantly relative to age. A total twenty seven measurements were obtained and analyzed in this study. There results were as follow: First, there were big differences in stature, waist height,  knee height, body rise. Girth and width measurements of Kazakhstan females were significantly smaller than dimensions of the old “soviet” size typology 1986 year. However, there were no differences in Front waist length (Neck shoulder point to waist) and Back width. According to the comparison analysis of Kazakhstan females by age groups, all measurements had significant differences among the age groups. With age significantly increases except head girth, all girth and width, but height measurements is decreased.

[Baskimbayeva T.A.,  Danebergenov Y.D., Nurbay S.K. Analysis of the age-related dynamics of measuring of Kazakhstan woman adults. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):294-296] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 45. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.45 

Keywords: Anthropometry, Anthropometric data, Size typology, Kazakhstan females, Sewing wares, Anthropometric measuring, Woman figures, Size characteristics ClothingConstruction, Clothing manufacturer, Age-related factor

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"Carmen": the dialogueness of literary structures of the short novel by P. Merimee and a lyrical cycle by A. Blok

M.A.Izmailova, E.P.Garanina, L.E.Tokatova

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Mira Street, 60, Pavlodar, 140000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The article deals with the dialogueness of literary structures of the short novel "Carmen" by P. Merimee and a lyrical cycle "Carmen" by A. Blok: a comparative analysis of conceptually-thematic and literary structures of the texts is carried out. The peculiarities of themes and problematics are described, the distinctive features of narrative organization and composition structure are characterized, the specificity of chronotopous, the use of landscape and interior sketching is determined, paratextual and paralinguistic means, used by the author, are named.

[Izmailova M.A., Garanina E.P., Tokatova L.E. "Carmen": the dialogueness of literary structures of the short novel by P. Merimee and a lyrical cycle by A. Blok. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):297-302] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 46. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.46 

Keywords: dialogueness, intertextuality, short novel, lyrical cycle, literary structure, themes, problematics, plot, composition, chronotopous, interior, landscape, paratextual and paralinguistic means

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"Carmen" by P. Merimee and A. Blok. Intertextuality of imagery systems

M.A.Izmailova¹, L.E.Tokatova¹, M.T.Shakenova²

¹Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Mira Street, 60, Pavlodar, 140000, Kazakhstan

²National Academy of Education named after Y. Altynsarin, Orynbor Street, 4, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

Business Centre “Altyn-Orda”, floors 14-16

Abstract. Intertextuality of imagery systems of the short story "Carmen" by P. Mérimée and lyrical cycle "Carmen" by A. Blok is characterised i this article with account to the mythopoetic sources of imagery of Carmen and its development in the world culture. The authors performed a review of works devoted to the development of the imagery of Carmen in the cultural tradition. This allows us to reveal the multiple layers of its sense structure, interlocutory interaction of the short story and the cycle. The authors characterised the system of imageries and named the methods of its creation.

[Izmailova M.A., Tokatova L.E., Shakenova M.T. "Carmen" by P. Merimee and A. Blok. Intertextuality of imagery systems. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):303-307] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 47. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.47 

Keywords: intertextuality, mythologema, reminiscence, eternal imagery, short story, lyrical cycle, imagery system

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The results of cross-breeding in meat-fat-tailed sheep breeding

Tuleukhan Sadykulov, Darkhan Bakytbekovich Smagulov, Sholpan Rahimbekovna Adylkanova, Azamat Mardenovich Koishibaev

Kazakh National Agrarian University, Abai Avenue, 8, Almaty, 050010, The Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. In Kazakhstan the fat-tailed sheep breeding is traditionally a leading branch of the animal industries the share of which is about 70% of the total sheep livestock in the Republic. These sheep differ in the exceptionally high meat productivity – as if they were created to provide humanity with food essentials by the nature itself. Their breeding has been predefined by the natural-climatic and economic conditions, as well as by the national traditions of the indigenous population long ago. They are known for its unsurpassed precocity and their adaptation to the specific local, often extreme paratypical conditions of their habitat in some regions where the management of other branches of the agricultural sector is practically impossible.

[Sadykulov T., Smagulov D.B., Adylkanova S.R., Koishibaev A.M. The results of cross-breeding in meat-fat-tailed sheep breeding. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):308-311] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 48. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.48 

Keywords: meat-fat sheep breeding, fat-tailed sheep, cross-breeding, ontogenesis, selected signs, meat and wool productivity, live weight and wool production

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Particulars of the competitive obligations in the civil legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Zauresh Sagidullaevna Ashimova

Kazakh Humanities and Law University (KazHLU), Korgalzhyn highway, 8, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. Obligations arising out of the competitive process are clearly civil law concept which is very complex and little-studied by domestic civilists. At the same time, with the development of economic relations the field of provision of goods, work and services between public and private parties of civil-law relationships require careful study of the given relationships. The author of this article has analyzed these commitments and identified their characteristics and peculiarities.

[Ashimova Z.S. Particulars of the competitive obligations in the civil legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):312-316] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 49. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.49 

Keywords: contest, tender, auction, gaming and betting, public promise of an award, bidding

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Development factors of Kazan region recreation area

Ramil Rafailovich Denmukhametov, Olga Vasiljevna Zjablova, Marianna Ruslanovna Shtanchaeva

Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation

Abstract. The article deals with natural and socio-economic prerequisites of Kazan region recreation area development. In recent years this territory has become a place of significant sport and cultural events, such as  the 1000^th anniversary of Kazan, The 2013 Summer Universiade, the forthcoming World Water Sports Championship, The 2018 FIFA World Cup. Nature-recreational potential of the territory as a result of interaction of the human and natural  factors have been estimated.  Infrastructure, cultural and historical objects were the leading ones among the human factors. Tourist- recreational zoning has been done. Six specialized recreational sub-areas and their distribution area have been identified. Tourism types, recreation and recreational areas development perspectives have been defined. The importance of further development of the area analyzed is highlighted, because of the increased status of Kazan on Russian and the World stage.

[Denmukhametov R.R., Zjablova O.V., Shtanchaeva M.R. Development factors of Kazan region recreation area. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):317-320] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 50. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.50 

Keywords: recreation area, tourism, recreational facilities, nature – recreational potential, development factors

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The method of determining the function of traffic costs for the node with regulated flows of requests

Natalya Naumova

Applied Mathematics Department, Kuban State Technological University, 2-A Moskovskaya Street, Krasnodar, 350072, Russia

Email: Nataly_Naumova@mail.ru

Abstract. The problem of modelling of trаnsportation networks with the purpose of optimization is very important. The difficulties of numerical solution of optimization problems for networks mainly depend on the analytical definition of the function of traffic costs. We developed a mathematical model of trаnsportation network based on the generalized Erlang time distribution and introduced our classification of nodes. We obtаined a function of traffic costs for the node with regulated intersection of multichannel lines and described its analytical realization. We also proposed a method of determining the parameters of the generalized Erlang law from experimental data.

[Naumova N.  The method of determining the function of traffic costs for the node with regulated flows of requests. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):321-327] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 51. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.51 

Keywords: mathematical model, network, node, regulated intersection, generalized Erlang law, function of traffic costs

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The tax component of innovative activity assessment in the Russian Federation

Marina Orlova and Ajgul Khafizova

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Institute of Economics and Finance, Butlerov str., 4, Kazan, 420012, Russia

Email: orlovamarina64@mail.ru

Abstract. The present paper investigates innovative development problems of worlds economies, techniques used to assess the level of country’s innovative development.  We identify particulars of applying tax benefits in order to stimulate parties involved in innovative  process. The article focuses on the possibility of extension tax benefits in Russia taking into account innovative process characteristics and also authorities and taxpayers interaction ways, which are related to efficiency assessment of tax benefits for innovation in terms of tax administration system reform.

[Orlova M., Khafizova A. The tax component of innovative activity assessment in the Russian Federation. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):328-333] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 52. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.52 

Keywords: innovations, innovative activity, R&D, tax benefits, tax benefits for innovation, tax preferences item, tax benefit efficiency, lost income, B index

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Coding of participant-internal possibility modality in Kazakh

Gulzada Salmyrzakyzy Yeshniyaz, Kussaiyn Tynysbaiuly Ryssaldy

Kazakh Ablai khan University of International Relations and World Languages, Muratbaev Street, 200, Almaty, 050022, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. This paper deals with expression of participant-internal possibility modality and its coding in Kazakh with –A al analytical formant. It will be shown that –A al expresses all semantic properties of participant-internal possibility modality such as inherent/ learnt and mental/physical. Therefore constitutes the core of the functional-semantic of the given modality. The paper also accounts for the relation of –A al in modal usage with other category operators such as aspect and voice.

[Yeshniyaz G.S., Ryssaldy K.T. Coding of participant-internal possibility modality in Kazakh. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):334-337] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 53. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.53 

Keywords: modality, ability, participant-internal, converb, functional approach

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Identification and studying of the biochemical properties of Lactobacillus strains

Maria Igorevna Zimina, Alexander Jurjevich Prosekov, Olga Olegovna Babich, Stanislav Alekseevich Sukhih

Federal State-owned Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Vocational Education Kemerovo Institute of Food Science and Technology, Boulevard Stroiteley 47, Kemerovo, 650056, Russia

Abstract. Phenotypic and biochemical properties of the strain isolated from fresh pepper were studied. Antimicrobial activity of isolated strain against E. coli B-6954 was examined. It has been found that the microorganisms are Gram-positive non-spore forming rods and they belong to Lactobacillus pentosus strain. Resistance of Lactobacillus pentosus strain to chloramphenicol antibiotics, tetracycline, kanamycin was shown, but it is not resistant to streptomycin, penicillin, lysozyme. The results obtained by the analysis of antimicrobial activity showed high antagonist activity of Lactobacillus pentosus.

[Zimina M.I., Prosekov A.J., Babich O.O., Sukhih S.A. Identification and studying of the biochemical properties  of Lactobacillus strains. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):338-341] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 54. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.54 

Keywords: antimicrobial activity, lactic acid bacteria, vegetables, fruits, pathogenic microorganisms, biopreservative

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The results of treatment of patients after median sternotomy

Alexey Leonidovich Charyshkin and Alexander Nikolaevich Yudin

Ulyanovsk State University, Tolstoy str., 42, Ulyanovsk, 432970, Russia

e-mail: charyshkin@yandex.ru, tel. +79510966093

Abstract. Median sternotomy is known as a major surgical approach in coronary bypass surgery. As the number of patients after surgical revascularization increases, we can see an increase in the incidence of severe complications associated with poststernotomy wound. An urgent task is to improve the postoperative treatment of these patients. Here in this paper we describe the developed method of analgesia and prevention method of inflammatory complications in patients after median sternotomy (invention application number 2014104048, priority as of 2/04/2014). We studied 55 patients with diagnosis of coronary artery disease in the period from 2012 to 2014.The median age for men was 56.1 ± 6.6 years, for women - 59.3 ± 5.9 years. All patients underwent median sternotomy. Coronary artery bypass grafting from the internal mammary artery. On-pump aorta-coronary bypass grafting with cold cristalloid cardioplegia. Depending on the method of drainage placing and on the treatment used in the postoperative period, patients were divided into 2 groups. There were no significant differences between groups by gender, age, nature of comorbidity.  During the study we found the greatest efficiency of the developed method in drainage removal from the anterior mediastinum and the pericardial cavity in patients without pain symptoms or discomfort. Application of the developed method of analgesia and prevention of inflammatory complications after median sternotomy allows for effective postoperative analgesia, reduces the amount of exudative inflammatory complications and excludes additional financial costs of the treatment.

[Charyshkin A.L., Yudin A.N. The results of treatment of patients after median sternotomy. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):342-345] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 55. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.55

Keywords: median sternotomy, method of anesthesia

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The features of use of phraseological units in the headlines

Kuanysh Sovetuly Yergaliyev, Yeldana Bakhytovna Asanbayeva, Maygul Irangaipovna Orazhanova, Nurgul Bolatovna Agaliyeva, Samal Zhanatkyzy Yergaliyeva

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Mira Street, 60, Pavlodar, 140000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The article is devoted to the research of the pragmatic potential of phraseological units used by the journalists in the headlines. This article considers the most important aspects in the history of phraseology development in the world linguistics and also the peculiarities of this section of linguistics in the Russian and English linguistics. Based on the research works of the world outstanding scientists, the main features of phraseological units are defined in this paper where special attention is paid to that side of the considered language means which has not been studied properly up to this point yet – the cognitive nature in the ethnic aspect.

[Yergaliyev K.S., Asanbayeva Y.B., Orazhanova M.I., Agaliyeva N.B., Yergaliyeva S.Z. The features of use of phraseological units in the headlines. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):346-349] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 56. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.56

Keywords: phraseological unit, publicism, title, periodicals, pragmatics

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Peculiarities of elaborating the strategy for the meat market development in the regions of the Russian Federation

Anatoliy Timofeevich Stadnik, Sergey Aleksandrovich Shelkovnikov, Yvgeniy Vladimirovich Rudoy, Danil Maksimovich Matveev, Nikolay Valentinovich Grigoriev

Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Dobrolyubova Street, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russian Federation

Abstract. The research is dedicated to the theoretical and practical development of scientific and methodological principles, organizational and economic foundations of the strategic development of the meat market and the mechanism of its regulation. The concept of “strategic development of the market of meat and meat products” is introduced into scientific use. The methodical approach to improving competitiveness of meat production in the region is outlined. The technique of strategic market analysis of meat and meat products in the regions is elaborated, due topeculiarities of its development and government regulation.

[Stadnik A.T., Shelkovnikov S.A., Rudoy Y.V., Matveev D.M., Grigoriev N.V. Peculiarities of elaborating the strategy for the meat market development in the regions of the Russian Federation. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):350-355] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 57. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.57

Keywords: agriculture, meat and meat products market, competitiveness, livestock, government regulation

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Research of the rice productivity on saline lands of rice systems in Kazakhstan Republic

Saltanat Maulenovna Abikenova, Aleksey Grigoryevich Rau, Bakdaulet Abibullayevich Assanbekov, Issabek Zhanashevich Zhanashev, Esenkul Myrzageldiyevna Kalybekova

Kazakh National Agro University, Abaya Street, 8 Almaty city, 050000, Republic of  Kazakhstan

Abstract. Rice irrigation systems in the lower reaches of the Syrdarya River are located on the river terraces and trees near the stream canal. Lands of river terraces are differed by drainage and water conductivity, soils – by content of humus and nutritive elements, mechanical composition and salinity that gave rise to the diversity of crops in 2-3 times. Efficient use of water and land resources on saline lands of rice systems is directly dependent on economy of the rice irrigation regime and the problem of improving rice productivity on saline paddy systems of Kazakhstan is a current task and it requires careful study. During the pilot phase determined were water-physical properties of soils, salt content and nutrients. Water balance of different parts in the research site was established. There are four studied modes of rice irrigation: shortened and constant flooding, with change of water between plant rice seedlings and without changing water in the rice fields and the data were compared data of manufacturing rice crops.

[Abikenova S.M., Rau A.G., Assanbekov B.A., Zhanashev I.Z., Kalybekova E.M. Research of the rice productivity on saline lands of rice systems in Kazakhstan Republic. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):356-361] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 58. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.58 

Keywords: Rice irrigation systems, Syrdarya, saline land, study site, water balance, shorter inundation, permanent flooding, rice checks, collecting-drainage network, irrigation norm, water salinity, groundwater, water balance

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Names of dishes and establishments of Japanese cuisine in Russian linguistic culture: structural features and pragmatics

Ludmila Alekseevna Araeva¹, Elvira Stepanovna Denisova¹, Irina Vladimirovna Evseeva², Pavel Alekseevich Katyshev¹, Natalia Vladimirovna Melnik¹, Stanislav Vladimirovich Olenev¹

¹Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Str., 6, office 6216, Kemerovo City, 650043, Russia

²Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Str., 82А, office 242, Krasnoyarsk City, 660041, Russia

Abstract. The article is dedicated to the study of the structural features and pragmatics names of dishes and establishments of Japanese cuisine in the modern Russian linguoculture. This process of naming is analyzed not only in terms of its structural features, but also in terms of propositional-frame modeling and its perception by ordinary native Russian speakers. When describing the material, special attention is paid to the language game, aimed at creating the right impression about the establishment and the specifics of his cuisine. In particular, public catering establishments, specializing in Japanese cuisine, should justify exotics and national character of its assortment with the stylized names.

[Araeva L.A., Denisova E.S., Evseeva I.V., Katyshev P.A., Melnik N.V., Olenev S.V. Names of dishes and establishments of Japanese cuisine in Russian linguistic culture: structural features and pragmatics. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):362-366] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 59. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.59 

Keywords: names of dishes and Japanese cuisine establishments, the Russian language, propositional-frame modeling, language game

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Complex counter explosive examination in investigations of the acts of terrorism accomplished with the use of explosive devices 

Gulbanu Zhumaniyazovna Bainazarova and Zhanat Rakhinzhanovna Dilbarkanova 

Almaty Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Utepova Str., 29, 050060, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The questions of perfection of detection, fixing and withdrawal of explosives and explosive devices, their parts, setting of legal examination on the fact of act of terrorism by using of explosive devices are considered in the article.The features of setting of complex explosives expertise are reflected at investigation of crimes of a terrorist character accomplished by explosions. Set of measures of law enforcement authorities is considered on counteraction to terrorism.

[Bainazarova G.Z., Dilbarkanova Z.R. Complex counter explosive examination in investigations of the acts of terrorism accomplished with the use of explosive devices. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):367-371] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 60. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.60

Keywords: act of terrorism, explosive devices and explosives, forensic examination, complex explosive examination

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Quantitative method of information security risk assessment by multicomponent threats

Raikhan Muratkhan and Dina Zhagiparovna Satybaldina

L. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Munaitpasov str., 5, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. Traditionally, information security risk is defined as a combination of the probability of adverse events and their possible consequences. But the risk of the security disturbance of the modern organization is a multidimensional complex concept that also includes a set of interrelated variables. The paper proposes a combined approach to assess the risk of occurrence of information security events based on an ontological description of the subject area and a quantitative method of risk assessment of implementation of multicomponent threats using more than a single vulnerability. The example of assessment of risk of information security is considered in accordance with international standards and preferences of the owner of information resources.

[Muratkhan R., Zhagiparovna S.D. Quantitative method of information security risk assessment by multicomponent threats. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):372-375] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 61. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.61 

Keywords: Risk, information security, method of risk assessment

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Horses in the life of Eurasian Turkic peoples

Arnabay Abishevich Nurzhanov¹, Yeraly Shardarbekuly Akymbek², Gulim Kagazbekovna Kadirkulova³, Ekaterina Alexandrova Karibzhanova⁴

¹Archaeological Institute named A.H. Margulan, Dostik prosp., 44, Almati, Republic of Kazakhstan

²Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi str.,71, Almati, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan

³Almati Academy of Economic and Statistic, Djandosova str., 59, Almati, Republic of Kazakhstan

⁴The Kazakhstan’s  University named Abai, Dostik str., 13, Almati, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. Horse played a great role in the life, religious beliefs and rituals of ancient Turkic people. It is hard to overestimate its significance in military, economic, cultural and other life spheres of nomads. That is why horse had a special place in nomad’s world-view: it was a sacrificial animal in divine initiation and obsequial rites. Usually, horses found in burial places are fully equipped, bridled, saddled and hobbled. Contemporary Turkic people still have the tradition of burial with horse. A large number of archeological and ethnographic materials including written sources point out that not any horse but precisely the white one was an attribute of Turkic obsequial rites accompanying royalties on the way to “the other world”. Horse was an object not only for rituals but also for worship and reverence.

[Nurzhanov A.A., Akymbek Y.S., Kadirkulova G.K., Karibzhanova E.A. Horses in the life of Eurasian Turkic peoples. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):376-379] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 62. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.62 

Keywords: archeology, Turkic people, Tengri, cult, horse

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Academic competitions and Technology Olympiads as a means to identify and develop endowments of school students

Olga Vasilyevna Shatunova and Albina Borisovna Sergeeva

Kazan Federal University (Elabuga Institute), Kazanskaya str., 89, Elabuga, 423604, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia

Abstract. The article investigates the problems linked to the issues of finding out, developing and supporting of the endowments of children and adolescents. The authors offer a range of criteria to determine the types of endowments which are determined as an integral and a multisided phenomenon. The complex structure of the concept singles out inclination to labor as the primary factor of the endowments. This article introduces the experience of conducting competitions and technology Olympiads for the students of general education institutions, which are, according to the authors, is the efficient means to identification and development of the endowments of the children and adolescents.

[Shatunova O.V., Sergeeva A.B. Academic competitions and Technology Olympiads as a means to identify and develop endowments of school students. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):380-383] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 63. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.63

Keywords: endowments, aptitudes, development of the endowments of children and adolescents, competitions and technology Olympiads

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Sphero-conical vessels of Aktobe medieval ancient settlement

Madiyar Yeleuov¹, Yeraly Shardarbekuly Akymbek¹, Claudia Chang²

¹Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi, 71, Almaty, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan

²Sweet Briar College, USA, 1054, Virginia, 24595-1054

E-mail: eraly_a@mail.ru, 87015707240

Abstract. Aktobe medieval settlement is situated to the south of the Aksu village of Shumsky district in Zhambyl region. The settlement is surrounded by two long walls. Over 40 years the settlement is a subject of archaeological research. Several construction horizons were discovered during the archaeological excavations. The foundation of the minaret, dated back to the XI-XII centuries, is one of the most attractive monuments. Considerable number of sphero-conical vessels were found there. Such archeological finds were discovered in the monuments of cultic architecture for the first time. Earlier the similar number of such artefacts were found at the excavation of bath situated in Otrar and dated back to the XI-XII centuries. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the sphero-conical vessels and the minaret.

[Yeleuov M., Akymbek Y.S., Chang C. Sphero-conical vessels of Aktobe medieval ancient settlement. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):384-387] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 64. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.64 

Keywords: Aktobe, minaret, foundation, sphero-conical vessel

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Trends and contradictions of factor`s development affecting formation of geo-economic multipolarity

Alexey Yurievich Arkhipov and Alexey Nikolayevich Yeletsky

Southern Federal University, Soborny lane, 26, Rostov-on-Don, 344002, Russian Federation

Abstract. The key factors of the interconnection of geo-economic and geopolitical processes are investigated. The changing role of geo-economic influence is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the issues, prospects and contradictions of the dynamics of the alignment of forces within the world economy. The most probable scenarios of the geo-economic leadership are revealed. The places of the Anglo-Saxon alliance as a specific transcontinental partnership as well as the Eurasian Economic Union within the reshaping world economy are emphasized.

[Arkhipov A.Y., Yeletsky A.N. Trends and contradictions of factor`s development affecting formation of geo-economic multipolarity. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):388-393] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 65. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.65

Keywords: multipolarity, factors of globalization, geo-economic leadership, centers of economic influence, global contradictions, regional economic integration, the Eurasian Economic Space

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Analysis of dust particle dynamics induced at open local exhausts by rotating cylinders

Olga Alerksandrovna Averkova and Konstantin Ivanovich Logachev

Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shoukhov, Kostykova str., 46, Belgorod, 308012, Russia

Abstract. The paper investigates the behavior of dust particles in the spectrum of action of local ventilation extraction from processed cylindrical detail. For describing the behavior of dust particles in the swirling air currents there has been developed method of mathematical modeling and a computer program. The obtained results can be used for designing of local ventilation exhausts from the various types of lathes. There were proposed measures to reduce energy consumption for production of local exhaust ventilation.

[Averkova O.A., Logachev K.I. Analysis of dust particle dynamics induced at open local exhausts by rotating cylinders. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):394-398] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 66. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.66 

Keywords: aspiration, method of boundary integral equations, rotating cylinders, reduction of dust discharges

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Ideas of constructivism in philosophy of education: from ontology to phenomenology

Sergey Valentinovich Borisov

Chelyabinsk State Pedagogical University, Lenin Avenue, 69, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia

Abstract. On the basis of education we understand, we interpret the world, but we don’t feel education, itself getting used to follow the standards and rules which have no sufficient proof. Education is not that the person knows, but something that really influences his behavior. Education is a dynamic system of interaction between designs of consciousness and environment. Education “designs” the person.

[Borisov S.V. Ideas of constructivism in philosophy of education: from ontology to phenomenology. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):399-402] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 67. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.67

Keywords: philosophy of education, constructivism, consciousness, knowledge

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Statistical analysis of Kondratiev water long

Marina Aleksandrovna Borovskaya, Inna Konstantinovna Shevchenko, Yuliya Viktorovna Razvadovskaya, Olga Shepanyak

Southern Federal University, Russia

Abstract. This article analyzes the dynamics of main macroeconomic indicators of economic development in order to reveal wave motions, determine decline and growth periods in economy as well as show the reasons of cyclicality in economic development. Basing on N.D. Kondratiev's theory, this article analyzes the dynamics of economical development in the USA over a period from 1775 to 2010. The resulting conclusion confirms existence of structural cycles in economy caused by the governmental monetary policy.

[Borovskaya M.A., Shevchenko I.K., Razvadovskaya Y.V., Shepanyak O. Statistical analysis of Kondratiev water long. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):403-408] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 68. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.68

Keywords: long waves, Kondratiev, economical growth, inflation, structural cycle

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Paremiological Fund of the Tatar people in the ethno-linguistic aspect

Gulnaz Rinatovna Mugtasimova, Guzel Amirovna Nabiullina, Elvira Nikolaevna Denmukhametova

Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Str., 18, Kazan, 420008,  Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation

Abstract. The scientific article is devoted to the research of the language of proverbs of the Tatar people, who carry chronologically deep and diverse information about the ethnos. The learning of a proverbs language deepens the theory of linguistics and ethnolinguistics, stimulates historical and typological interpretation of the age-old folk literature. The relevance of this research is due firstly to the great importance of the learning of the proverbs language in addressing of problem as well of history and ethnography of the Tatar people as of the standard language and its regularities of formation, secondly to the scantly knowledge of the proverbs language in the Tatar linguistics.

[Mugtasimova G.R., Nabiullina G.A., Denmukhametova E.N. Paremiological Fund of the Tatar people in the ethno-linguistic aspect. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):409-412] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 69. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.69

Keywords: Lingvofolkloristics, proverbs, interference of the language and of the history, vocabulary, traditions of culture, ethnos, culture

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Changes in protein hydration means a transition mechanism of heat energy into mechanical one

Vladimir Ivanovich Yashkichev

Sholokhov Moscow State University for the Humanities, Verkhnyaya Radishchevskaya Street 16-18, Moscow, 109240, Russia

Abstract. Of particular importance is hydration of protein molecules that depends on the temperature and concentration of water molecules in any biological cell. The changes in hydration are based on the pulsation of cells as well as the other essential cellular processes, also accounting for actions of cross-striated and non-striated muscles. Alongside with that, the changes in hydration can be explained by a transition of heat energy into action.

[Yashkichev V.I. Changes in protein hydration means a transition mechanism of heat energy into mechanical one. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):413-417] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 70. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.70

Keywords: protein molecules, myosin, actin, hydration, hydrolysis, heat, action, pulsations, cytoskeleton

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Diagnosing potato viruses using ELISA and RT-PCR method

Yekaterina Mikhaylovna Yekaterinskaya

Kazakh National Agrarian University, Abaya street, 8, Almaty, 050010, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. The article contains the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for potato viral infections. Estimation of seed potato and vegetating potato plants infection degree with PVS, PVX and PVM viruses is provided as well as the extent of their dominance is revealed. The mixed infection of the examined samples of Dunyasha sort plant samples includes two viral components PVS+PVM which belong to the same Carlavirus group. PLRV and PVY viruses were not found in any of the samples which passed assay. Late Udovickiy sort showed the greatest viral reinfection resistance under the conditions of Kostanay province.

[Yekaterinskaya Y.M. Diagnosing potato viruses using ELISA and RT-PCR method. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):418-423] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 71. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.71

Keywords: potato, minitubers, sort, viruses, RT-PCR, ELISA, reproduction

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Professional training of special psychologists to work in integrated education conditions

Elena Vladimirovna Zvoleiko, Svetlana Anatolyevna Kalashnikova, Tatyana Konstantinovna Klimenko

Transbaikal State University, Aleksandro-Zavodskaya Street, 30, Chita, 672039, Russian Federation

Abstract. Learning the “integration philosophy” means the working-out  of new professional position of special  psychologist, which correctly realizes the principles of integration in educational sphere. The innovative content of integral-target- oriented and informative-processual components of professional training of special psychologists system conditioned by changes of professional environment is revealed in the article. The innovative tasks of psychological-pedagogical support service of education of special needs children in organizations with different types of integrated education are also considered in the article.

[Zvoleiko E.V., Kalashnikova S.A., Klimenko T.K. Professional training of special psychologists to work in integrated education conditions. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):424-428] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 72. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.72

Keywords: Special psychologist; new professional position of special psychologist; disabled children (Health disabilities); integrated education; inclusive education model; innovative tasks of special psychologists’ activity

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Philosophical understanding of music as a methodological basis of research in the field of musical art and education

Anna Iosifovna Shcherbakova

Russian State Social University, Wilhelm Pieck str., 4, Moscow, 129226, Russia

Abstract. The article tells about the philosophical analysis of music as artistic and aesthetic phenomenon that reveals difficult questions of life to the comprehending person. Music education is regarded as a tool to promote the penetration in the music space. This work investigates the music complexity and diversity as an art form, many approaches are presented that help the person to freely navigate the world of music. The author focuses on the problem of the interaction of music and music education as the two inextricably linked systems, their harmonious unity is a source of constant development and improvement of musical space, as well as artistic and aesthetic space of culture in general.

[Shcherbakova A.I. Philosophical understanding of music as a methodological basis of research in the field of musical art and education. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):429-432] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 73. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.73 

Keywords: philosophy of music and music education, artistic and aesthetic space of culture, synergy, axiology, hermeneutics, interpretation, systematic approach, systematic thinking, axiological approach, social intelligence, social responsibility

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Components of the human body environmental preparedness for adaptation. Literature review

Olga Ivanovna Ustinova

Medical Institute “REAVIZ, Chapaevskaya str. 227, Samara, 443001, Russian Federation

Abstract. Health completeness is the adaptation completeness, a human body’s property of being "inscribed" into the living environment. Homeostasis, a good adaptation at high trophic and neurohumoral interaction of all organs. Cells functioning environment is blood and lymph. Lymph flows into the bloodstream, so the quality of the internal environment is determined by the quality of the blood. Modern living conditions alter the internal environment: exogenous toxins accumulate in the intercellular space, in lymphatic and later in the circulatory system, causing intoxication. Qualitative organism functioning is provided by removing endotoxins. They can be rejected and excreted only by the organs having excretory ducts. Natural blood filters, having excretory ducts, indirectly related to the environment are the liver, kidneys, and pancreas. Their self-cleaning property solves the problem of natural recovery of human body functions, strengthen environmental preparedness of the human body for adaptation.

[Ustinova O.I. Components of the human body environmental preparedness for adaptation. Literature review. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):433-437] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 74. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.74 

Keywords: health, endoecology, environmental readiness of the human body for adaptation, self-cleaning property of the natural blood filters

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Nominalization in linguocultural paradigm of chronicles

Irina Valeryevna Erofeeva

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Russia

Abstract. This paper deals with ways of representing linguistic consciousness of the Middle Ages’ people with the help of word formation methods. It identifies key mechanisms of derivation process in a nominalization; it identifies the derivative forms the most important for the culture and traditions. It shows the role of derivatives in the formation of two main centers of word formation system - the field of action and field of worker, on a material of chronicles. It analyzes the ability of word formation types to reflect the conceptual significance of the concept of the worldview. It reveals the mechanisms of interaction of linguistic and extra linguistic reality. It determines the specificity of national representations of the human world of the Middle Ages as a result of linguistic and cultural approach to the study of linguistic units.

[Erofeeva I.V. Nominalization in linguocultural paradigm of chronicles. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):438-442] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 75. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.75

Keywords: derivation, cultural linguistics, axiology, mentality, Middle Ages, chronicling

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Everyday texts: the speech genre of menu

Ludmila Alekseevna Araeva¹, Irina Vladimirovna Evseeva², Olga Victorowna Felde²

¹Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Str., 6, office 6306, Kemerovo City, 650043, Russia

²Siberian Federal University Institute of Philology and Language Communication, Svobodny St., 82А, office 242, Krasnoyarsk City, 660041, Russia

Abstract. This article is devoted to analysing the contemporary menu texts. The main attention is paid to the composition of the texts of this genre. Menu is a special text type, a speech genre of the informative advertising type, which contains the evaluation, ritual and even imperative elements, reflected in separate texts - the basic genres, which constitute the integrated genre of menu. Put it otherwise, menu - is some utterances, semantically and syntactically consolidated into the unified fragment of a specific composition.

[Araeva L.A., Evseeva I.V., Felde O.V. Everyday texts: the speech genre of menu. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):443-447] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 76. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.76 

Keywords: food code, menu, speech genre, text, text composition, descriptive text

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State and prospects of developing primary branches of transport engineering of the republic of Kazakhstan

Shuakhbay Zamanbekovich Zamanbekov

Kazakh State Women’s Pedagogical University, Ayteke bi street, 99, Almaty, 050000, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. Transport engineering of Kazakhstan is the major industry defining its successful functioning in conditions of intensifying process of globalization and internationalization of international competition problem. Transport vehicles available in the republic provide uninterrupted transportation of loads and passengers in the country. But despite the observed positive phenomenon in use of these conveyances, there are many problems in transport engineering of Kazakhstan demanding its solving. The level of developing own transport engineering of the republic is not so high as a whole, appreciable part of vehicles of the country replenishes due to import deliveries, so that US $ 10 billion are annually spent. The resource base of transport engineering of Kazakhstan doesn't allow to use more effectively its transit potential and deepen integration with neighboring countries of the Central Asian region. Special problem is caused by incompleteness of process on creation of infrastructure of transport system and slow expansion of Kazakhstani share in assembly of rolling stock of railway transport, automobile and trucks, construction and road cars. In total it attached priority significance to development of vehicle production in the country. In recent years the state accepted a series of programs on formation and primary development of machine-building complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan, for change-over of transport engineering on innovative basis, on cluster creation in this branch and use of private and state partnership. Nowadays dozens enterprises of transport engineering in the republic are being built, projects on construction and reconstruction of automobile and railway tracks for introducing of domestic goods both on internal, and foreign markets are realized.In this connection competitive advantages of transport engineering of the country especially railway transport were researched. Implementation of innovative modernization is of great importance for technological updating of vehicle production at the operating enterprises. For this purpose creation of independently functioning design office for mastering new types of transport vehicles and test base in the territory of the country is very important. It gives Kazakhstan after entering into force in 2015 technical regulations of the Customs union on safety of vehicles and opportunity to get approval on release of buses, cargo and automobile cars with various modification and achieve their competitiveness on sales markets. Cluster creation in transport engineering with the use of private and state partnership mechanisms will provide accelerated development of transport engineering in the country with accompanying enterprises of small and middle-sized business.

[Zamanbekov S.Z. State and prospects of developing primary branches of transport engineering of the republic of Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):448-455] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 77. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.77 

Keywords: transport engineering, infrastructure, potential, technology, innovation, integration, localization, modification, subsidizing, cluster, standard

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Study of transmissible-gastroenteritis-virus-antigen-conjugated immunogenic properties of selenium nanoparticles and gold

Sergey A. Staroverov^1,2,3, Alexei A. Volkov¹, Sergey V. Larionov¹, Pavel V. Mezhennyy¹, Sergey V. Kozlov¹, Alexander S. Fomin^1,2,3, Lev A. Dykman^2,3

¹ Saratov State Agrarian University Named After N. I. Vavilov, Saratov, Russia

²The Department of the Russian Academy of Science, The Institute for Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov, Russia

³The Departament of the Russian Academy for Agricultural Sciences, State Institute Saratov Scientific and Research Veterinary Institute, Saratov, Russia

Abstract. There was performed the study of the transmissible-gastroenteritis-virus-antigen-conjugated immunogenic properties of selenium nanoparticles and gold. In comparative immunobiological studies there was found that immunization of guinea pigs driven by the colloid-selenium- as well as colloid-gold-conjugated transmissible gastroenteritis virus antigen of swine, leads to activation of the respiratory activity of lymphoid cells and peritoneal macrophages, which is directly related to increased activity of antibody-producing cells and activation of antibody generating. The obtained data suggest that the colloid particles promote antigen presentation to the reticuloendothelial system organs. In addition, there was established that these carriers stimulate production of proinflammatory cytokines, which leads to a complete and consistent immune response of both cellular and humoral components of immune system.

[Staroverov S.A., Volkov A.A., Larionov S.V., Mezhennyy P.V., Kozlov S.V., Fomin A.S., Dykman L.A. Study of transmissible-gastroenteritis-virus-antigen-conjugated immunogenic properties of selenium nanoparticles and gold. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):456-460] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 78. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.78

Keywords: colloid particle, colloid selenium, colloid gold, nanoparticle, nanocarrier

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Protection of Intellectual property rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan: the background and challenges

Yerbol Musinovich Abaideldinov, Aigul Anuarbekovna Karibayeva (Shakhmova), Mira Zhumagazyyevna Kulikpayeva

L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Mirzoyan Street, 2, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. Intellectual activity of person in various spheres of spiritual and material perception is taking on significance in conditions of rapid development of the scientific-technical progress in contemporary world. Their circulation complies with common rules of market. However, the character of rights and duties, the means of their implementation and protection bear own peculiarities. «Intellectual capital» is becoming significant in modern economy. This article identifies specific challenges and strategies of the Republic of Kazakhstan engaged in industrial-innovative development through the modification of legislation in the sphere of intellectual property rights.

[Abaideldinov Y.M., Karibayeva (Shakhmova) A.A. , Kulikpayeva M.Z. Protection of Intellectual property rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan: the background and challenges. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):461-466] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 79. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.79

Keywords: Intellectual property rights, Industrial-innovative development, the Republic of Kazakhstan, International outer space law.

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Development and yield capacity of grass

Ivan Stepanovich Belyuchenko¹ and Alfiya Yunerovna Gorchakova²

¹Federal State – Financed Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Kuban State Agrarian University

Kalinin street, 13, Krasnodar, 350044, Russia

²Federal State – Financed Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education M. E. Evsevjev Mordovian State Teachers’ Training Institute, Studencheskaya street, 13, Saransk, 430027, Russia

Abstract. Formation of grass sprouts is closely associated with generation of short internodes and bud set of specific capacity followed by growth and generation of yield. Process of grass sprout development consists of vegetative and generative phases. Process of sprout development at different stages is controlled by its heritable background within the frameworks of certain homeostatics, when the sprout reacts to changes in external environment, as well as by development of organism with the impact of internal (physiological, biochemical and energy) and external (environmental) factors.

[Belyuchenko I.S., Gorchakova A.Y. Development and yield capacity of grass. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):467-472] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 80. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.80

Keywords: Grasses (Poaceae, Gramineae), sprout, vegetative phases, generative phases, seasonal development of grass, yield capacity, tropical grass, boreal grass

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Modeling of elastic properties of discretely reinforced composites with an implementation of R. Hill method and porous materials' deformation model

Aleksаndr Fedоrоviсh Fedоtоv

Samara State Aerospace University, Moscow highway, 34, Samara, 443086, Russia

Abstract. In the presented study a method of a calculation of effective elasticity modules of isotropic matrix composites with isolated spherical inclusions is proposed. The feature of the method is a calculation of a concentration of R.Hill model's average deformations coefficients through effective averaging volumes of deformation phases. In terms of quantity, those volumes are a ratio of a sum of deformations in a volume of a phase to a sum of deformation in a volume of a composite. Analytical relationships for a calculation of effective Young modulus and Poisson ratio of a composite are presented. The equation for a calculation of Young modulus is presented in a form of Voigt ratio. In contrast to Voigt model, instead of volume fractions of phases, fractions of effective averaging volumes are used. Effective averaging volumes can be found by means of solving boundary-value problem of elastic deformations of a representative cell of a two-phase composite using a basic discretization scheme and mathematical apparatus. For a solution, a boundary variant of porous composite with zero values of elastic constants of inclusions is implemented. Using experimental data for two-phase composites with different combinations of elasticity modules of phases, the proposed method's adequacy verification is conducted. The proposed model, in terms of Young modulus's calculation accuracy, is equal to fundamental models of Christensen (MCr) and Mori-Tanaka (MM-T). In comparison to MCr and MM-T, results of a calculation of Poisson ratio correlate with experimental data better. It was demonstrated, that formal zeroing of inclusion’s elasticity modules in MCr and MM-T models does not allow to adequately describe elastic properties of porous materials. The proposed approach considers a boundary case of a composite with a porous matrix and, thus, covers a wider range of changes of components elastic constants.

[Fedоtоv A.F. Modeling of elastic properties of discretely reinforced composites with an implementation of R. Hill method and porous materials' deformation model. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):473-479] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 81. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.81

Keywords: matrix composite, effective elasticity modules, volume of averaging, porous material.

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Assessment of speed of the recent floodplain alluvium accumulation in basins of minor rivers of the East of the Russian Plain

Saniya Gasimovna Kurbanova, Ramil Rafailovich Denmukhametov, Amir Nurullaevich Sharifullin

Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya street, 18, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation

Abstract. The indicator of intensity of erosive and accumulative processes in basins of minor rivers is forming of the recent floodplain deposits. Studying of width and age of deposits has been held since 70-80th of the XX century. Three methods are used in studying of the recent floodplain accumulation. They estimate influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on speed of floodplain deposits accumulation in basins of minor rivers in various landscape conditions. Floodplain deposits do not grow in forest landscapes with minimum anthropogenic impact. In comparison with natural conditions speed of floodplain deposits accumulation in reclaimed landscapes of forest-steppe and steppe zones increases in 1-2 times (in average until 21-22 mm per year).

[Kurbanova S.G., Denmukhametov R.R., Sharifullin A.N. Assessment of speed of the recent floodplain alluvium accumulation in basins of minor rivers of the East of the Russian Plain. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):480-483] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 82. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.82

Keywords: river basin, minor rivers, floodplain accumulation, erosive and accumulative processes, floodplai deposits, forest coverage, the proportion of ploughed land.

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Problems on formation of anti-criminal mindset in education

Albina Zulfatovna Minakhmetova, Ekaterina Nikolaevna Pyanova, Oksana Aleksandrovna Makarova

Kazan Federal University

Kazanskaya str., 89, Elabuga, 423600, Republic of Tatarstan, the Russian Federation

Abstract. This article examines the problems on anti-criminal mindset formation in education. Particular attention is paid to the formation of personal tolerance of upper form pupils in the educational environment. Personal tolerance is considered as a component of anti-criminal mindset. The authors make an attempt to explore the noted problem domain through the prism of concepts, such as subjective personality control, personal qualities, and human self-perception. Upper form pupils have the ability to resist the negative influence of the social environment in varying degrees. This ability is reflected in personal qualities and localization of control over the events, which are significant to them.

[Minakhmetova A.Z., Pyanova E.N., Makarova O.A. Problems on formation of anti-criminal mindset in education. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):484-488] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 83. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.83

Keywords: "world image", "world view", mindset, personal stability, anti-criminal mindset, adolescenc.

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Phenomenon of dancing culture of the Uighur people

Gulnara Yusupovna Saitova¹, Toygan Ospankyzy Izim², Alexandra Sergeevna Tskhay³

¹Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T. Zhurgenov, Panfilov str., 127, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

²Kazakh National University of Arts, Tauelsizdic ave., 50, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

³Kazakh National Academy of Arts named after T. Zhurgenov, Panfilov str., 127, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. In this article examines and studies the features of Uighur dancing art which at early stages of historical development represented the vast syncretic sight: shaman dancing, Buddhist temple performances. On the basis of historical, linguistic, ethnographic, and archaeological data we assume to conclude that the Uighur people are the composition of two ethnic substrates: the ancient settled population of East Turkestan and the nomadic Orhon-Yenisei Uighurs who have finally settled in this territory after fall of the Uighur khaganate. In this regard, the dancing traditions of two cultures are studied. The dancing culture of Uighurs in the period of Islamic ideology is presented. Interference of musical and dancing culture of the people of the East and Uighurs is investigated. Dances which could not live up to our days and that entered traditional heritage of dancing art are presented.

[Saitova G.Y., Izim T.O., Tskhay A.S. Phenomenon of dancing culture of the Uighur people. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):489-501] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 84. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.84

Keywords: Uighur dance, ritual, ceremony, shaman, Buddhist period, East Turkestan, Tengriism, ussuli (dance oyun game, dance).

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Competitive aspect in foreign language teaching of primary school pupils

Anna Vyacheslavna Gizatullina, Albina Mukhametdinovna Yakhina

Kazan Federal University, Kazanskaya Street, 89, 423600, Elabuga, Russia

Abstract. The article surveys the method of competition at foreign language lessons in primary school in various forms of its realization, gives the advantages and disadvantages of its use in specific situations, takes into consideration the psycho-physiological characteristics and gender of pupils in making the decision to use this method when teaching primary school pupils.

[Gizatullina A.V., Yakhina A.M. Competitive aspect in foreign language teaching of primary school pupils. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):502-505] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 85. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.85

Keywords: Competitive method, foreign language teaching, stimulation of activity and behavior, primary school pupils, gender equity.

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Simulation of concurrent process with Petri-Markov nets

Alexey Nikolaevich Ivutin, Eugene Vasilevich Larkin, Yuri Ivanovich Lutskov, Aleksander Sergeevich Novikov

Tula State University, Lenin av. 92, Tula, 300012, Russia

Abstract. Mathematical apparatus of Petri-Markov nets is described. Petri-Markov simple subnets are introduced. Structures for the simulation of parallelism based on the simple subnets are proposed. Mathematical relationships for the evaluation of the time characteristics of algorithms for a wide class of concurrent computing systems are described.

[Ivutin A.N., Larkin E.V., Lutskov Y.I., Novikov A.S. Simulation of concurrent process with Petri-Markov nets. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):506-511] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 86. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.86

Keywords: Petri net, semi-Markov process, Petri-Markov net, algorithm, parallelism, concurrency, computer system.

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Up to the development of strategy on adaptation water measures due to the climate change

Shekarban Kapar, Almaz Toktasinovich Tleukulov, Zaurbek Karibaevich Auelbek, Issabek Zhanashevich Zhanashev

Kazakh National Agrarian University, Abay str., 8, Alma-Ata, 050000, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. Extraction of minerals which includes water and land recourses grow from year to year thus grows anthropogenic burden on the depths of Earth, bedding rock, the system of open water, and geodynamics of geologic structures. Improved criterion by estimate of the environment condition and foundation of social-ecological-economic efficiency of water recourses usage are suggested. The National strategy of water delivery and logical sequence of problem solving on control of water recourses in Kazakhstan are worked out. But listed problems should be reconsidered due to the climate change.

[Kapar S., Tleukulov A.T., Auelbek Z.K., Zhanashev I.Z. Up to the development of strategy on adaptation water measures due to the climate change. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):512-516] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 87. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.87

Keywords: Hay land, grazing, gross product, cross-border river, air and earth pollution, adaptation, index.

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Evolution of economic development aims. Assessment of the smart growth

Elena Viktorovna Kurushina and Victoriya Alexandrovna Kurushina

Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, Volodarskogo Street, 38, Tyumen, 625000, Russian Federation

Abstract. The paper investigated the global trends of changing aims for evaluating economic development. Approaches to assessing the level of innovation are systematized. Classifications of innovations are given. The approach to the assessment of smart growth using the theory of technological way is proposed. The results of testing the author's approach to the assessment of innovative development on the example of one of the branches of the Russian economy are presented in the article. The correlation between the specificity of the system elements and their rate of evolution is determined. The industry’s innovative development forecast based on the Foresight estimates is performed.

[Kurushina E.V., Kurushina V.A. Evolution of economic development aims. Assessment of the smart growth. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):517-521] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 88. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.88

Keywords: economic growth and development, a strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, classification of innovations, technological way, the rate of evolution of the system and its components.

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Sustainable development of companies and environmental innovation

Valeriy Vladimirovich Lepikhin and Natalya Fridrikhovna Bolshakova

Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Komsomolsky pr., 29, Perm, 614990, Perm krai, Russia

Abstract. this article discusses the process of ecological activities of the modern enterprises. The prerequisites of the formation of ecological behavior of economic agents are determined. The dynamics of the costs associated with environmental innovations on economic activities in the Russian federation is analyzed.

[Lepikhin V.V., Bolshakova N.F. Sustainable development of companies and environmental innovation. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):522-524] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 89. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.89

Keywords: ecological and socio- economic sustainability of the enterprise, greening of business, environmental innovation.

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Modern methods of linguistic studies

Bikesh Revovna Ospanova, Meruert Arstanovna Gazaliyeva, Raykhan Makuovna Aldynazarova

Karaganda State Technical University, Mira B., 56. Karaganda, Kazakhstan

E-mail: kargtu@kstu.kz, o.b.r@mail.ru

Abstract. The article deals with the problem of the most effective selection of methods of analysis in linguistic studies. The modern philological science offers new methods and methodologies of linguistic analysis, new technologies developed by the new interdisciplinary fields of science. In the article there are described present day methods of scientific linguistic studies based on the analysis of the text base structure within the text linguistics. The studies are carried out in the field of linguistics for the purpose of constructing a language system based on the methodological principle. Linguistics is a complicated multifactor sphere of knowledge and applications that deals with both humanities and hard sciences. Within the last years there occurred adjacent trends on the interface of these or those sciences that are actively developing owing to new theoretical and practical applications. Methods and principles of linguistic analysis are multi-aspect and variable. Separating this or that aspect of a language is often integrated with the method of its linguistic consideration. The language itself is defined as a complicated and historically movable phenomenon that is reflected in the language description model that was developed within the traditional linguistics. The structure of classic linguistics itself clearly proves that the language presents a certain system.

[Ospanova B.R., Gazaliyeva M.A., Aldynazarova R.M. Modern methods of linguistic studies. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):525-527] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 90. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.90

Keywords: linguistics, study, scientific methods, model, language, interdisciplinary, experiment, linguistic analysis, conception, structure

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The Semantic and cognitive characteristics of metaphorically redefined vocabulary (on the material of ‘building’ vocabulary)

Aida Sadykova and Diana Kayumova

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kremliovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation

E-mail: a_sadykova@bk.ru, tel.: +79033439435

Abstract. The study of metaphor is based on combining semantic and cognitive aspects of its functioning. Metaphor is viewed both as a semantic phenomenon, being special or derivative meanings of words, and as a cognitive phenomenon, being a method of perception of reality. In the framework of semantic and cognitive approach, the study of concepts is conducted by distinguishing and analysing the means of their linguistic objectivization. The modeling of the structure and the content of the concept implies its ordered, structured description with cognitive terms. A sphere of concepts is interpreted as an ordered set of concepts peculiar to a certain nation, information base of thinking, which is determined by a number of mental stereotypes in the consciousness of native speakers.

[Sadykova A., Kayumova D. The Semantic and cognitive characteristics of metaphorically redefined vocabulary (on the material of ‘building’ vocabulary). Life Sci J 2014;11(11):528-531] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 91. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.91

Keywords: the sphere of concepts, the categorization, mental stereotypes, associative and imaginative thinking, the semantic field, the concept

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The study of occasional words: theoretical sspect

Elena Smirnova, Aida Sadykova, Diana Davletbaeva

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kremliovskaya str., 18, 420008, Kazan, Russian Federation

E-mail: s_elena_84@mail.ru, tel.: +79033130050

Abstract. The notion ‘occasional word’ or ‘nonce word’ has a very disputable character in linguistics. Language creativity is a peculiar feature of spoken communication and fiction works, which are a great source for enriching vocabulary of a certain language. The article is devoted to the problem of defining the notion of occasional words in Russian and Western linguistic schools, dealing with the typological peculiarities of author’s or speaker’s creativity in language. The research is a part of a great work on studying morphological, derivational, semantic, idiomatic, syntactic transformations, aiming to find a unified approach to the study of occasional words and phrases typical to almost all known languages.

[Smirnova E., Sadykova A., Davletbaeva D. The study of occasional words: theoretical aspect. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):532-535] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 92. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.92

Keywords: the occasional word, the nonce word, the neologism, the occasional novelty.

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Regional service economics development: foundations and process of strategic management 

Liubov Leonidovna Tonysheva and Elena Victorovna Nazmutdinova 

Tyumen State Oil and Gas University,  Volodarskogo Str., 38,  Tyumen,  625000,  Russia

E-mail: tonjisheval@mail.ru;   Tel +7 912 9224543 

Abstract. In the work there is shown an actual problem and pointed out essential characteristics of service economy; also, theoretic working out of all the regulations is done that define the structurization of all service activity types. We have defined the purpose of service zones in changing of spatial organization of regional economy. In the article there given and proved the principles of strategic management of the region service economy: the compliance of the expansion of the service list of strategic aim of the territory development due to formation of new service zones, and the ramification of the existing service network; client orientation services and creation of organizational and legal conditions at the macro - and meso-levels for the development of the service business by maintaining of close contact with the consumers; balanced development of regional economy, which determines the necessity to create an efficient mechanism of service and production activities’ regulation, taking into account the interests of the main economic agents’ groups (authorities, different organizations and the population, living on this territory); the guarantee of a certain completeness and adequacy of the means and methods of impact to the objects of service activity with regard to key areas and conditions of functioning of region service-oriented economy. We have worked out the process of region service economy strategic management, including the formulation of strategic goals, strategic analysis of the development of service sphere in the region with the assessment of the service potential, the rationale for the spatial transformation of the regional economy, the choice of the region service economy strategy, modeling of the balanced scorecard and the development of managerial strategic initiatives of the territory.

[Tonysheva L.L., Nazmutdinova E.V. Regional service economics development: foundations and process of strategic management. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):536-539] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 93. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.93 

Keywords: service economy, principles, strategic management process, spatial economy transformation, service activity

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Role and functions of a newspaper headline

Kuanysh Sovetuly Yergaliyev, Yeldana Bakytovna Asanbayeva, Botakoz Shaykenkyzy Kuralkanova, Assel Kayirbaevna Moldazhanova, Samal Zhanatkyzy Yergaliyeva

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Mira Street, 60, Pavlodar, 140000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. This article deals with the theoretical aspects of a newspaper headline and defines the main trends in today’s journalism. Exploring the scientific works of foreign and native linguists, as well as analyzing the mistakes, frequently made in current periodicals, the article offers a systematic classification of requirements for newspaper headlines, which could serve the "guidelines" for today’s journalists, when composing the headlines, and, first of all, help readers in searching the needed information in the columns of various periodicals.

[Yergaliyev K.S., Asanbayeva Y.B., Kuralkanova B.S., Moldazhanova A.K., Yergaliyeva S.Z. Role and functions of a newspaper headline. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):540-543] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 94. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.94

Keywords: journalism, headline, function, recipient.

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The structure and logic of the pedagogical process as the basis of the conception of historical and actual pedagogical research

Takhir Majitovich Aminov

The Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M.Akmulla, October Revolution street, 3a, Ufa, 450000, Russian Federation

Abstract. One of the possible conceptions of historical and actual pedagogical works providing a higher processability in the organization of research in the spheres mentioned above is getting stated and proved in this article. The logic and structure of the pedagogical process in its modern sense makes up the basis of the conception. Within the proposed model such its components as aims, objectives, content, forms, methods, means, the achievement of the aim, results of the educational systems’ activities, the evaluation of the achieved result and all the process as a whole have been marked out. Following the declared idea will let researchers logically and consistently reveal, analyze, generalize and extrapolate the historical and pedagogical experience into the modern educational theory and practice.

[Aminov T.M. The structure and logic of the pedagogical process as the basis of the conception of historical and actual pedagogical research. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):544-547] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 95. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.95

Keywords: a conception of the historical and pedagogical research; the pedagogical process; the structure of the pedagogical process: an aim, objectives, content, forms, methods, means, process, result, outcome access.

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Global monetary system: from past to future

Alexei Y. Arkhipov¹, Aleksandr V. Ishkhanov², Elena F. Linkevich²

¹Southern Federal University, Higher School of Business, Sobornay per., 26, Rostov-on-Don, 344002, Russia

²Kuban State University, Stavropolskaya Street, 149, Krasnodar, 350040, Russia

Abstract. Instability of the global financial sphere is the consequence of non-correspondence between current world currency order and changed conditions. Nowadays USD remains a dominant world currency without any worthy alternative even though the trust in this currency has decreased. Thus, we can see the prerequisites of the rebuilding of the existing currency system. In this article, we analyze the main problems of the valid Jamaican currency system. We observe the opportunity of attaching the world currencies to the material equivalent. We also explore the ways of overcoming Triffin’s paradox. We evaluate the possibility of changing the existing currency order. The authors have come to the conclusion that stabilizing of the global currency-financial sphere is possible only in case of accepting new currency instruments by the world community not depending on the geopolitical interests of certain states.

[Arkhipov A.Y., Ishkhanov A.V., Linkevich E.F. Global monetary system: from past to future. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):548-553] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 96. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.96

Keywords: world currency system, reserve currency, currency regulation, polyinstrument standard

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Permanent raised beds using; efficiency of direct seeding in the south–east region of Kazakhstan

Tastanbek Atakulov, Zhumagali Ospanbaev, Yeltay Alkenov

Kazakh National Agrarian University, Abay Ave., 8, 050010, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. Irrigated agriculture of the south eastern Kazakhstan requires a new technology of crop production with high economic efficiency. This study was conducted to determine technology of direct seeding on permanent raised beds, its impact on crop yields, and yield structure. The experiment was conducted with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and corn (Zea mays L.) in Zhambyl district of Almaty province during 2008–2011 growing seasons. The main point of new technology is use of ridges formed under cultivation of winter wheat during 5 years or more for direct sowing of the most common crops under irrigation conditions. Results of research have proved that direct seeding on permanent beds in comparison with a conventional method ensured higher efficiency, and good profit.  Yields of winter wheat, soybean, and corn in total were accordingly 4.78, 3.48, and 9.27 t ha^-1. In this case resource–saving technology of crop production on permanent beds could become the diversification basis of irrigated agriculture in the south–east Kazakhstan. Introduction of this technology under conditions of the southeast will increase the productivity of irrigated land, and will make a difference in protecting of environment, production of ecologically pure, and competitive agricultural products.

[Atakulov T., Ospanbaev Z., Alkenov Y. Permanent raised beds using; efficiency of direct seeding in the south–east region of Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):554-557] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 97. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.97 

Keywords: permanent beds, direct seeding, crop growth and development, Kazakhstan.

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The modern methods of increase of management efficiency of small and medium businesses 

Olga Nikolaevna Balabanova, Rasulya Rifkatovna Aetdinova, Igor Petrovich Balabanov 

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Republic of Tatarstan, the Russian Federation

Abstract. The article contains the analysis of dynamics of development of the subjects of small and medium businesses in the Russian Federation. Despite the measures of the state policy of Russia in relation to the development of small and medium businesses the reduction in the number and turnover in this sphere is found out. The key factors of successful entrepreneurial activities have been analyzed. The modern methods of increase of efficiency of activities in small and medium businesses have been offered. The possibilities of receiving the state support of businesses, use of the services of business consultants and more traditional methods of management optimization – business planning, optimization of strategy and structure of an organization, receiving supplementary education in the chosen field of activities have been considered. As the most common problem for small business is the limited financial resources, we have focused on finding free or cheap ways of optimization of activities as well as opportunities for reduction of expenses in this work. One of the effective ways of increasing efficiency is the use of the modern information technologies including the cloud services. The comparative analysis of several services, offered in Russia, as well as prospects for their development has been performed. The analysis has revealed that the cloud services are still undiscovered reserves for many Russian and foreign firms.

[Balabanova O.N., Aetdinova R.R., Balabanov I.P. The modern methods of increase of management efficiency of small and medium businesses. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):558-561] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 98. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.98 

Keywords: small and medium business, management efficiency, turnover, state business support infrastructure, IT-Park, business incubator, Technopark, software products, cloud services, cloud computing, online accounting, trade automation, mobile applications.

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The evolution of socio-responsible business in developing countries: an institutional perspective

Daniil Petrovich Frolov¹ and Anna Anatolievna Shulimova²

¹Volgograd State University, Universitetsky prospect, 100, Volgograd, 400062, Russia

²Institute of Economics and Management in Medicine and Social Sphere, Sadovaya street, 218, Krasnodar, 350042, Russia

Abstract. This paper explores the socio-responsible business practices in corporate management, suggesting the usefulness of adopting an institutional perspective. Focused on the possibilities of institutional transplantation, the economic benefits of an importation and a further adaptation of business social innovations, leading companies create adequate forms of realization of business social responsibility (BSR). This research demonstrates that the firm evolution and global trends assign incentives to introduce BSR institutions in organizational behaviour for minimization negative externalities, creation and consolidation reputational capital, maximizing capitalization of brand. The case study highlights a number of contradictions and problems that delay the successful building of managerial strategies to improvement business-government relations, meeting stakeholder expectations and produce customer loyalty.

[Frolov D.P., Shulimova A. A. The evolution of socio-responsible business in developing countries: an institutional perspective. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):562-566] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 99. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.99 

Keywords: firm evolution; business social responsibility; entrepreneurship; corporate management; institution; institutionalization; transplantation; organizational behaviour; social-cause marketing; developing countries; Russia.

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Scientific analogies in institutional economics

Daniil Petrovich Frolov and Anna Viktorovna Lavrentyeva

Volgograd State University, Universitetsky prospect, 100, Volgograd, 400062, Russia

Abstract. The article presents a critical review of physical and biological metaphors in the institutional economic theory. It is proved that physical (including mechanistic) analogies are most adequate for the associative characteristic of a statics and kinetics of institutional systems, and biological – for the figurative description of their evolution. Efficiency of use of metaphors and analogies from the most developed, vanguard areas of natural-science researches is shown.

[Frolov D.P., Lavrentyeva A.V. Scientific analogies in institutional economics. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):567-570] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 100. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.100

Keywords: Metaphors, Institutionalism, Institutions, Path Dependence, Vacuum, Field, Impurities, Niche Construction, Transplantation, Genetics, Evolution.

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Development of database design technique as part of the system of ecological monitoring of urban infrastructure objects

Larissa Gennadievna Gagarina, Aleksandra Igorevna Kononova, Yana Olegovna Teplova, Alexey Vladslavovich Gorodilov, Aleksander Mikhailovich Bain, Oleg Ivanovich Lisov, Victor Georgievich Dorogov, Catherine Georgievna Dorogova

National Research University of Electronic Technology, 4806 passage, 5 , Zelenograd, Moscow, 124498, Russian Federation

 E-mail: yana.teplova@gmail.com

Abstract. The paper dwells on the problem of designing efficient database logical structures to improve the efficiency of processing data queries for solving the tasks of ecological monitoring and industrial ecological control. Computer network of ecological monitoring system with databases is represented as graph. The database design technique is suggested, which respects time characteristics of work as part of the system of ecological monitoring of urban infrastructure objects, based on graph theory.  Implementation of logical database structures, designed taking into account time characteristics of the work, will allow avoiding unreasonably high time costs in information processing and analysis.

[Gagarina L.G., Kononova A.I., Teplova Y.O., Gorodilov A.V., Bain A.M., Lisov O.I., Dorogov V. G., Dorogova C.G. Development of database design technique as part of the system of ecological monitoring of urban infrastructure objects. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):571-573] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 101. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.101

Keywords: ecological monitoring of urban infrastructure objects, ecological monitoring system, monitoring information processing, databases, graph theory.

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The risks of innovation activities in enterprises

Andrey Sergeevich Nechaev, Oksana Victorovna Antipina, Anna Vladimirovna Prokopyeva

Irkutsk State Technical University, Lermontov str, 83, Irkutsk, 664074, Russia Federation

Abstract. Purpose: the risks of an innovative activity are a difficult complex. The workers of the organizations must a have deep economic knowledge to function successfully in a risk sphere. Effective risk management provides enterprise competitiveness in the domestic and international markets and also promotes the increase of the economic and industrial potentials needed for the realization of the state innovative development strategy as a whole. Methods: In the article is used comparative methods and methods of systems analysis. Results: In the article propose the algorithm of the identification and management process risks of enterprises innovative activity. This algorithm allows to estimate the enterprise potential and to use effectively the methods of the risks identification and management in a complex.

[Nechaev A.S., Antipina O.V., Prokopyeva A.V. The risks of innovation activities in enterprises. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):574-575] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 102. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.102

Keywords: risks, innovative activity, enterprises, economic growth

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103

Risk management for securitization of bank assets

Liudmila Vasilevna Nikolova, Dmitriy Anatolevich Sergeev, Artur Robertovich Omelianenko

St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Politekhnicheskaya street, 29, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia

Abstract. Bank transactions with securitization use represent a new approach in activity as regards the bank operating credit risks and the borrower pursuing the aim to minimize a payment for credit recourses and to provide necessary inflow of money. In this work the problems of traditional ways of financing are considered, the mechanism of securitization of bank assets is offered as solution to the problem and analyzed from the point of view of profitable approach. Existing ways of quantitative assessment of securitization risks are defined, a new approach on the basis of Wang transformation is offered. Ways and mechanisms of risk management of securitization are analyzed.

[Nikolova L.V., Sergeev D.A., Omelianenko A.R. Risk management for securitization of bank assets. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):576-581] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com 103. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.103

Keywords: securitization, bank assets, innovative model, liquidity, risks of securitization, mechanisms of de-risking, Wang transformation

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Lexicographic codification of phraseological units with the concept “Name” in the modern Yakut language 

Svetlana Mitrofanovna Prokopieva¹ and Nikolay Nikolaevich Efremov² 

¹North-Eastern Federal University, Belinskogo Street., 58, Yakutsk, 677000, Russia

²Institute of Humanities and Problems of Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrovskogo Str., 1, Yakutsk, 677027, Russia

Abstract. Expressive and pragmatic potential of phraseological units is a highly complex phenomenon which is always considered as the basic source of figurative means of a language, its figurative   wealth. Heterogeneity and connotative dominance of phraseological semantics allows to fill lacunas of lexical nomination and to denote individual and sets of elements of the conceptual picture of the world. Figurativeness of phraseological units is created by internal structure providing figurative and associative perception of the original frame or situation. Lexicographical codification of phraseological units with the concept “name” of the modern Yakut language is analyzed, structural and semantic characteristics of Yakut phraseological units with the prepositional component represented by the polysemantic noun nаme are considered. Variability of components of phraseological units with the concept “name” is represented by intralingual lexical, quantitative, combined, and dialectic variance. Polysemy is represented by phraseological homonymy.

[Prokopieva S.M., Efremov N.N. Lexicographic codification of phraseological units with the concept “Name” in the modern Yakut language. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):582-586] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 104. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.104

Keywords: phraseological unit, preposition, postposition, semantics, variance, polysemy, homonymy.

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105

Infestation of horses by the causative agents of gasterophilosis (Diptera: Gasterophilidae): the species composition and the north-eastern border of the area in the Republic (Sakha) of Yakutia of the Russian Federation

Alexander Dmitrievich Reshetnikov, Anastasia Ivanovna Barashkova, Zasim Sidorovich Prokopyev

Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk, Russian Federation

E-mail: yniicx@mail.ru

Abstract. We have found that the areal of distribution of horses and that of gadflies of the order Gasterophilus don’t match. The northern border of the Yakut herd horses is considerably greater than the spread of gastric gadflies of horses. Boundary of the natural habitat of horses extends to 69-70º N latitude and 156º E longitude, while the border area of natural habitat of gadflies is limited by more southerly areas and extends from 69º N latitude and 146º E longitude. In Central and Western zones an extent of infestation is 100%, in the North-Eastern region it ranges from 100 to 0%. Species composition of gastric gadflies in Central Yakutia is presented by 5 species, and the species is G. intestinalis – 69.5%, G. veterinus – 12.8%, G. pecorum – 13.4%, G. haemorrhoidalis – 3.8% and G. nigricornis – 1.1-1.6%. In West and Northeast regions species composition has 4 types, except the last one.

[Reshetnikov A.D., Barashkova A.I., Prokopyev Z.S. Infestation of horses by the causative agents of gasterophilosis (Diptera: Gasterophilidae): the species composition and the north-eastern border of the area in the Republic (Sakha) of Yakutia of the Russian Federation. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):587-590] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 105. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.105

Keywords: horses, gastric gadflies, habitat, gasterophilosis.

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106

Specifics of oil pipeline systems’ risks management

Urpash Zhaniyzovna Shalbolova, Saule Meyrbekovna Yegemberdiyeva, Saken Seytkanovich Uderbayev, Madina Abzhalievna Elpanova, Liman Aydarbekovna Kazbekova

The Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda State University, Aiteke Bi str., 29-A, Kyzylorda, 120014, Kazakhsnan

Abstract. Some difficulties (risks) that occur in realization of oil pipeline projects may cause undesirable consequences and significantly affects the result. Possibilities of emergency conditions occurrences have been analyzed by authors. Ways, factors of risk situations occurrence in oil-trunk pipelines exploitation have been analyzed. Methods of quantitative risk evaluation have been proposed and methods of oil pipeline systems risks management. Analysis of danger and risk of possible breakdowns has been made and evaluation of breakdowns frequency on pipeline route has been provided. Measures to decrease risks have been proposed to provide reliability and safety of large objects.

[Shalbolova U.Z., Yegemberdiyeva S.M., Uderbayev S.S., Elpanova M.A., Kazbekova L.A. Specifics of oil pipeline systems’ risks management. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):591-594] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 106. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.106 

Keywords: risks, uncertainty, situation, project, evaluation, analysis, management, oil pipeline system, exploitation, oil transportation, safety, oil-trunk pipeline, reduction methods

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107

The influence of natural bio-correctors of oceanic nature on different data of blood biochemistry of sportsmen

Vyacheslav Grigorievich Tyutyukov, Galina Vladimirovna Safonova, Olga Viktorovna Shakirova

Far-Eastern Federal University, Suhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok, 690091, Russia

Abstract. The results of inverstigation on the evaluation of changing data of blood biochemistry of sportsmen during their training are depicted in the article. The process is characterized by having of food supplements produced from raw materials of oceanic origine.

[Tyutyukov V.G., Safonova G.V., Shakirova O.V. The influence of natural bio-correctors of oceanic nature on different data of blood biochemistry of sportsmen. Life Sci J 2014;11(11):595-597] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 107. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.107 

Keywords: sportsmen nourishment, natural biocorrectors, data of blood biochemistry, work capability (efficiency)

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108

Tatar SUFI poetry of the XVI-XIX centuries: peculiarities, world models and symbolics

Nurfiya Marsovna Yusupova and Ayrat Faikovich Yusupov

Kazan Federal University, Kremliovskaya str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Russia

Abstract. The article reveals the main national-specific peculiarities of Tatar Sufi poetry of the XVI-XIX centuries. In the course of investigation, the Sufi worldview is reconstructed, functional and artistic meanings of Sufi symbols are revealed at the material of poetic pieces; intratextual connections, existing in the Tatar literature of this period, are determined. Scientific novelty is determined by the alternate approach to the study of oral culture: the Tatar Sufi poetry is studied against the background of reconstruction of Sufi world models, as well as in wide context of Eastern literature and philosophy.

[Yusupova N.M., Yusupov A.F. Tatar SUFI poetry of the XVI-XIX centuries: peculiarities, world models and symbolics Life Sci J 2014;11(11):598-601] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 108. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.108

Keywords: Sufism; Sufi symbolics; specificity; Sufi world models; medieval Tatar poetry.

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Repetition in the structure of Tatar fairytale texts (The device of stringing in chain-type structures) 

Fanzilya Khakimovna Zavgarova, Alsu Damirovna Battalova, Aliya Fanilovna Mukhammatgalieva 

Kazan (Volga) Federal University, Kremlevskaya str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Russia

Abstract. The paper focuses on the analysis of the literary device of repetition, in particular its type called stringing, which manifests itself in a remarkable way in chain-type structures of Tatar fairytale texts. The research subject is meaningful units (links) of a folklore fairytale text and consistent connections between them, which perform the function of organizing a speech act. The paper contains analysis of a considerable body of Tatar fairytales, in which the device of stringing manifests itself in a specific way, besides, an attempt to describe varieties of this type of repetition with consideration of different levels of text research has been made.

[Zavgarova F.K., Battalova A.D., Mukhammatgalieva A.F. Repetition in the structure of Tatar fairytale texts (The device of stringing in chain-type structures). Life Sci J 2014;11(11):602-605] (ISSN:1097-8135).http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 109. doi:10.7537/marslsj111114.109

Keywords: folklore text, fairytale, structure, device, repetition, cumulation, chains of stringing, link, type, subject,object, action.

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Methods of assessment of enterprise potential to changes

Svetlana Igorevna Ashmarina, Gabibulla Rabadanovich Khasaev, Anna Sergeevna Zotova