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The influence of spraying sitofex, iron, manganese and zinc on "Anna" apple trees planted on new reclaimed calcareous land

Samia A. Asaad

Hort. Res. Institute, ARC, Egypt

samiaayoub2013@hotmail.com

Abstract: The present investigation was conducted during two successive seasons of 2011 and 2012 on "Anna" apple (Malus domestica, Borkh) budded on Malus rootstock. The trees were 5 years old and grown in the newly reclaimed calcareous soil at El-Nubaria region (El-Behira Governorate). Spraying included three concentrations of Sitofex (5ppm, 10ppm and 15ppm) accompanied by three concentrations of mixed of micronutrients (10gm Fe + 7gm Mn + 3.5gm Zn/20L water, 10gm Fe + 7gm Mn + 7gm Zn/20L water and 10gm Fe + 7gm Mn + 10.5gm Zn/20L water). Results showed that spraying with 15 ppm CPPU accompanied by 10gm Fe + 7gm Mn + 10.5gm Zn/20L water recorded the highest values of vegetative growth parameters i.e. shoot diameter, shoot length, shoots number and leaf area, leaf micronutrients content i.e. Fe, Mn and Zn. This treatment increased yield, fruit set%, fruit weight and fruit dimensions, as well as, it improved fruit physical and chemical characteristics as compared with control in the both seasons.

[Samia A. Asaad. The influence of spraying sitofex, iron, manganese and zinc on "Anna" apple trees planted on new reclaimed calcareous land. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):1-8]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.01

Key words: "Anna" apple. Nutrients, fruit physical and chemical characteristics.

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Preservation of poultry feed by using different powdered plants

Farhat Ali Khan and Mohammad Zahoor

Department of chemistry, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan

Abstract: Three selected medicinal plants (Ginger, Onion and Garlic) were evaluated for antifungal activity in poultry feed. The results showed strong antifungal activity of powdered garlic (0.6% w/w) against A. flavus and A. parasiticus and no growth (Scored 0) of both A. falvus and A.parasiticus were seen in the tests samples at the end of 6^th week. Powdered onion (0.6% w/w) exhibited strong activity against A. flavus for four weeks and scored 0, while no growth of A. parasiticus was observed throughout experimental weeks with the same concentration. Powdered ginger was found effective at a concentration of 0.8% w/w against A. flavus and 0.7% w/w against A. parasiticus with 0 scores during experimental period. The numbers of spores of A. flavus were 173×10⁴/g at a concentration of 0.2% of powdered ginger whereas 167×10⁴/g spores were detected with powdered onion. Powdered garlic of 0.6% was found highly effective against A. flavus with spores of 0/g. The spores of A. parasiticus were noted 5×10⁴/g at a concentration of 0.6% of powdered ginger, while 0/g spore were observed with 0.6% concentration of powdered onion and garlic.

[Farhat Ali Khan and Mohammad Zahoor. Preservation of poultry feed by using different powdered plants. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):9-14]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.02

Key wards: Toxigenic fungi, Powdered plants, Antifungal activity, spore count.

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Portfolio Management by using Value at Risk (VaR) (A Comparison between Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithms)

Samaneh Yourdkhani

Master of Pure Mathematics, Semnan University, Iran

s_yourdkhani@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper aims at comparing particle swarm optimization (PSO) with genetic algorithm (GA) for portfolio management in a constrained portfolio optimization problem in which short selling is not permitted. The minimized objective function is value-at-risk calculated by using historical simulation. The tests results reveal that these methods are able to calculate consistently the optimized solutions within a proper time. With respect to the statistical calculations, it is concluded that these algorithms do not lead to a best solution identically. In terms of time of implementation and number of iterations, particle swarm optimization seems to reach more swiftly to the solution compared with genetic algorithm; and in terms of sensitivity to the initial position of the particles, particle swarm optimization is more leading than genetic algorithm. Among other findings of this paper is that 50 particles (chromosomes) are sufficient for problems with up to 20 assets.

[Samaneh Yourdkhani. Portfolio Management by using Value at Risk (VaR) (A Comparison between Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithms). Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):15-26]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.03

Keywords: Genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm (birds' algorithm), value at risk, portfolio optimization.

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Competitiveness of health care institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan: theory, evaluation technique, development mechanism

Assel Ermekovna Rakhimbekova¹, Aruzhan Mukatayevna Seitkaziyeva²

¹PhD student, Kazakh Economic University named after T. Ryskulov, The Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

²Doctor of Economic Science, Professor, Kazakh Economic University named after T. Ryskulov, The Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

kairat_phd@mail

Abstract: The research paper deals with the concept of competitiveness. General evaluation techniques of competitiveness of health care institutions are studied. The analysis of some indexes of competitiveness of health care institutions in the regions of Kazakhstan is carried out. Integral index to evaluate competitiveness of health care institutions is formed and priority measures to improve the competitiveness of health care institution are singled out.

[Rakhimbekova A.E., Seitkaziyeva A.M. Competitiveness of health care institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan: theory, evaluation technique, development mechanism. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):27-31]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.04

Keywords: healthcare, competitiveness, growth, competition, competitive advantage.

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Forming strategy and long-term marketing program of brand management

Aiman Melisovna Kazybayeva¹, Tamara Sagimbayevna Satkaliyeva², Kuralay Orazgalievna Nurgalieva³

¹PhD candidate, Kazakh Economic University named after T. Ryskulov, The Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

²Doctor of Economic Science, Professor, Kazakh Economic University named after T. Ryskulov, The Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

³Candidate of Economic Science, Associate professor, University of International Business, The Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

kairat_phd@mail

Abstract: The paper considers conceptual approach to strategy and long-term marketing program management brand. Defined the conceptual approach to brand management companies of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The program of management a brand is offered on the basis of forming of consumer loyalty.

[Kazybayeva A.M., Satkaliyeva T.S., Nurgalieva K.O. Forming strategy and long-term marketing program of brand management. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):32-37]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.05

Keywords: marketing strategy, brand, program, consumer loyalty.

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A Novel Trajectory Generation Scheme for Lunar Landing Exploration Mission

Ibrahim Mustafa Mehedi

Department of ECE, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

drimehedi@gmail.com

Abstract: Landing trajectory generation scheme is one of the most important technologies for future lunar or planetary exploration mission. To achieve a precise trajectory of landing, an advanced guidance scheme is necessary. This research outlines a comparison of different methods of solution of trajectory generation scheme of lunar descent and proposes an novel solution that allows a full depiction of a descent vehicle motion from orbital states down to the final landing event. In the conventional method of solution there exist some poor assumptions such as, during descent a constant vertical gravitational acceleration is the only other force acting on the descent vehicle. This inadequate postulation limits the validity of the solutions to system with in very low altitude terminal descent area i.e., close to the lunar surface. In this research Note, an advanced descent solution is proposed where centrifugal acceleration term is retained along with the gravitational acceleration term. It allows a complete representation of the descent module motion from orbital speed conditions down to the final landing state. Mathematical derivations of new scheme are verified in terms of conventional scheme and the comparative simulation results for full integrated solution, conventional schemes and a proposed advanced scheme are demonstrated to test the performance.

[Ibrahim Mustafa Mehedi. A Novel Trajectory Generation Scheme for Lunar Landing Exploration Mission. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):38-45]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.06

Keywords: Lunar descent; Guidance; Centrifugal acceleration; Trajectory space.

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The evaluation of blockage possibility of Hormoz Strait by Iran in International Law point of view

Hossein Heidari

Department of Law Shahid Beheshti University Tehran, Iran

Email: h.heidari936@yahoo.com

Abstract: If Persian Gulf is considered as the entrance to Indian Ocean and hence, entrance for energy and oil into the industry world, HormozStrait is absolutely itsmaster key.The importance of this strait can be revealed by huge, undeniable and un-replaceable transmission of energy and oil. HormozStrait is one of the most important international straits associates as the most essential and main transmission straits all over the world. One of the particular juridical and legal in respect of HormozStrait is Iran's claim to blockagethe strait based on his decision which is political oriented. Yet, since this strategic strait is located between Iran (in North) and Oman (in South) and both the countries claims about 12 miles ground sea in HormozStrait, also, considering to small width equal to 21 miles in least width of strait, so there is a Land interference. Now, considering above points, and evaluating conventions and International regulations as well as the dominant legal system for international straits specially, HormozStrait, this paper attempts to answer this question that has Iran the right to blockageHormozStrait due to any risk against his profits or based on his own decision?

[Kharkwal Hossein Heidari. The evaluation of blockage possibility of Hormoz Strait by Iran in International Law point of view. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):46-51]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.07

Keywords: blockage; International Law; dominant legal system.

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The Effect of Ginseng Extract on Reducing the Toxicity of Cyclophosphamide in the Adult Rat Kidney

Samra Nazari Jahromi¹, Mohammad Firoozinia^1,2*, Maryam Hazeri², Habiballah Johari

¹Department of biology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom branch, Iran.

²Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Samra Nazari (E-mail): hamedatashbarg@gmail.com

Maryam Hazeri (E-mail): maryamhazeri.1983@gmail.com

Abstract: Since kidney disease is one of the biggest problems of the world population, so more study and attention to kidney mechanism may have important effect on human health. Cyclophosphamide is known as an anti-cancer drug used in chemotherapy which has complications in kidney. No previous study has been done on ginseng extract as an anti-oxidant to identify its effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ginseng as an anti-oxidant on nephrotoxicity of cyclophosphamide complications; we examined 60 adult female rats which were from Vistar race. We classified our samples into 6 groups namely; control group which did not receive any drug, experimental group 1 which received daily 5 mg/kg/bw of cyclophosphamide, experimental group 2 which received 2 g/kg/bw of hydro alcoholic ginseng extraction. In addition, experimental group 3,4 and 5 which have received 0.5, 1 and 2 g/kg/bw of hydro alcoholic ginseng extract together with 5mg/kg/bw cyclophosphamide. Gavaj method was used for ginseng, and cyclophosphamide used by interapertioneal technique for 21 days in the experimental groups. ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance) has been used to analyze the results by SPSS (version 15) and p<0.05 was expected as significant results. We have identified a significant decrease in weight of kidney among all samples. Also, the density of uric-acid showed a significant increase in experimental group one. In addition, density of blood nitrogen showed a significant increase in experimental groups 1, 3, 4 and 5 and the density of keratin was significantly higher in experimental groups 1, 3 and 5 in comparison of the control group. Diagonal of malpighian corpuscle and glomerular showed a significant decrease in groups 1, 3, 4 and 5, and diagonal of bowman’s capsule showed a significant increase in experimental group 2. According to our results, it has been identified that cyclophosphamide has adverse effects on kidney tissue but ginseng extraction reduced the complications of cyclophosphamide. Although, we recommend using higher doses of ginseng.

[Samra Nazari, Mohammad Firoozinia, Maryam Hazeri. The Effect of Ginseng Extract on Reducing the Toxicity of Cyclophosphamide in the Adult Rat Kidney. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):52-57]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.08

Key words: Ginseng, Cyclophosphamide, kidney, Rats.

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A review on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory about social capital

Mohammad Mahdi Bahar¹, Sima Farid Kian²

¹Master of Sociology, Islamic Azad University, Department of sociology, Arak, Iran, Email: Mohamadmahdibahar57@yahoo.com, Tel: 09125339154

²Phd Student of Cultural Planning, The University of Khurazmy, Department of Social Science, International Pardis, Tehran, Iran, Email: Sima.faridkian@yahoo.com, Tel: 09124116322

Abstract: The concept of social capital goes back to the history of social sciences, but it became known in the 90s, with the efforts and studies of Bourdieu, Colman, and Putnam. Bourdieu analyzed the three economic, cultural, and social dimensions. He emphasizes mostly on class struggle. Social interactions lead to an increase in one’s ability to fulfill their aims, and social capital becomes a source for social conflicts (Bourdieu-1986). Despite human and physical capital, social capital is a concept beyond one’s belongings, and has backgrounds and correlations in which interaction plays the main role. In this article, the writer tries to study Pierre Bourdieu’s views about social capital.

[Mohammad Mahdi Bahar, Sima Farid Kian. A review on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory about social capital. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):58-60]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.09

Keywords: Pierre Bourdieu’s theory; social capital; social sciences.

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An approach to observing effective demographic factors in the quality of life for schizophrenic patients

Sima Farid Kian¹, Mohammad Mahdi Bahar², Habib,Agha Bakhshi³

¹Phd Student of Cultural Planning, The University of Khurazmy, Department of Social Science, International Pardis, Tehran, Iran, Email: Sima.faridkian@yahoo.com, Tel: 09124116322

²Master of Sociology, Islamic Azad University, Department of sociology, Arak, Iran, Email: Mohamadmahdibahar57@yahoo.com, Tel: 09125339154

³Faculty Member of the University of Islamic Azad Roudehen, Dean of Social Science Department, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: Aims: Nowadays, paying full attention to the quality of life (QOL) is a highly crucial matter to bear in mind among international societies and researchers, having been the important focus by the World Health Organization, which has been a pioneer in this field in recent years, particularly in the area of assessment development and wellness evaluation, to be able to investigate the effectiveness of physical and mental illnesses on humans’ daily activities. (Kushner-2002). Method: The descriptive survey method has been applied in this study. Also, to compile the data, the systematic sampling, and to determine the sample’s volume and size the Cochran Formula have been made use of. In addition, the current questionnaire of demographic quality of life for neuropsychological patients (Heinrich) was the main tool to gather information. Findings: Among the samples being monitored, men accounted for 71.7%. Additionally, the rest of the statistical information went as follows: (1) the age group 30-39, 26.7%. (2) marital status: singles, 46.7%. (3) afflicted subjects in family: 3 to 4 mentally ill cases, 43.3%. (4) education: Those with a high school diploma comprised the highest rate, 48.47%. (5) occupation: The highest rate went to the unemployed, 55.0%. (6) accommodations: The ones living at home made up the highest rate 55.0%. (7) head of household: fathers in charge of financial family support, 45.0%. (8) illness duration: patients with a six-to-ten year background, 30.0%. Inference: Although using graphs and tables of distribution clarified the position of neuropsychological patients from the viewpoint of demographic status with the use of ANOVA (analysis of variance) statistical tests and the mean results of patients in each of the sub-sections of demographic factors, it can be certainly stated that these factors, in comparison to other factors studied in the questionnaire of the quality of life for the schizophrenics such as family relationships, belonging to friend groups, social integrity, etc., have been less effective. In other words, the demographic features of neuropsychological patients are not much relevant to their quality of life.

[Sima Farid Kian, Mohammad Mahdi Bahar. An approach to observing effective demographic factors in the quality of life for schizophrenic patients. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):61-65]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.10

Keywords: demographic; quality of life; schizophrenic; patients.

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Study the causes of relapse among Iranian drugs users in Kermanshah

Bahman Roshani¹, Amir Jalali², Shahram Bidhendi^3*, Ebrahim Ezzati⁴, Mohammad Mahboubi⁵

^1-Assistant professor, Faculty of medicine, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Email: Broshani@yahoo.com

^2- Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Email: a_jalai@kums.ac.ir

^3- MD, General Physician, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Email: s.bidhendi@yahoo.com

^4- Bsc, MSc, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Email:ezzati.ebrahim@gmail.com

^5- PhD in Health Services Administration, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences', Kermanshah, Iran, Email: mmahboubi@kums.ac.ir.

Abstract: Relapse of drugs is one common problem that often appears in treatment of patients, which always troubles the therapists, and even the patients and their families. finding the causes of relapse in such patients would be an important and successful step in preventing it. For this study, using a two-part researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability, 500 subjects were studied who were randomly selected and assessed. Gathering data were analyzed using SPSS software that the following results were obtained. Results showed that the mean age of research subjects was as 32.41 ± 13.64 year age minimum age of 17 and maximum age of 68 years old. The results showed that the psychological factors with 66.7percent, the social factors with 57.5percent, physical factors with 39percent and family factors with 32.4percent had respectively the most influence on the patients’ relapse. In the qualitative part of the study, the patients, respectively, introduced three important factors in the relapse as their relationship with drugs addicts and bad friends, family problems and craving for drugs of abuse. In this study, the importance of effects according to the subjects’ view was most regarding psychological and social factors, which require appropriate management and intervention.

[Bahman Roshani, Amir Jalali, Shahram Bidhendi, Ebrahim Ezzati, Mohammad Mahboubi. Study the causes of relapse among Iranian drugs users in Kermanshah. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):66-71]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.11

Keywords: Relapse, Drugs reuse, Addicts, Substance abuse.

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Infrastructure of health tourism admission at health centers in Kermanshah educational hospitals

Farnoosh Shafapey¹_, Shahram Bidhendi^2,*_, Mohsen Mohammadi³_, Saeed Khani Ali Akbari⁴_, Nastaran Amani⁵_,

Sara Mirzaei⁶_, Fariba Ghahramani⁷, Mohammad Mahboubi⁸, Hossin Jabari⁹

^1. MSc in MBA, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Deputy of Treatment, Kermanshah, Iran

^2. General Physician, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^3. MSc of Health Services Administration, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^4. Msc in MBA, Kermanshah Social Security orgazination, Kermanshah, Iran

^5. MSc of Health Services Administration, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

^6. BS in Nutrition Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Deputy of Treatment, Kermanshah, Iran

^7. MSc in epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

^8. Ph.d in Health Services Administration, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences', Kermanshah, Iran, Email: mmahboubi@kums.ac.ir.

^9. Ph.d in Health Services Administration, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

^*Corresponding Author Email: s.bidhendi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Since the 1990s, several factors caused to development of health tourism in Asian countries. Asian financial crisis, favorable changes in foreign exchange rates, global economy, rapidly improving medical equipment, advanced technology, high quality and inexpensive medical services and many other factors caused to introduce some Asian countries as the world tourism destinations. As regards, Kermanshah province has many scenic and historic sites and is one of the seven poles of diagnostic and treatment services in Iran, in this study the infrastructure of health tourism admission were investigated in Kermanshah educational hospitals. Methods: this study was cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic). Health centers in Kermanshah (7 sites) were Study population in this research. Sampling was done by census method. The data collection tools included 4 standard tables for comparing the health centers in the four domains of physical characteristics - location profile - the profile of facilities and human resources with the standards of the World Health Organization. T-test was used for compare of variables by SPSS software (version 18). Results: This study showed that the score of hospital location in three centers (Imam Reza, Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi) were more than 50 percent and the other centers were about 50%. Conclusion: It can be said, these three centers over the initial capacity for the reception of health tourism and to achieve the required conditions need to any changes.

[Farnoosh Shafapey, Shahram Bidhendi, Mohsen Mohammadi, Saeed Khani Ali Akbari, Nastaran Amani, Sara Mirzaei^, Fariba Ghahramani Mohammad Mahboubi, Hossin Jabari. Infrastructure of health tourism admission at health centers in Kermanshah educational hospitals. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):72-76]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.12

Keywords: Infrastructure, Health Tourism, Health Center, Hospital.

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Performance Evaluation of Hospitals under Supervision of Kermanshah Medical Sciences using PabonLasoty Diagram of a Five-year Period (2008-2012)

Mohsen Mohammadi¹, Arash Ziapoor², Mohammad Mahboubi ³, Alireza Faroukhi⁴, Nastaran Amani⁵,

Fatemehe Hydar pour⁶, Shirin Zardoei Gol Anbari⁷, Afshin Esfandnia^8,*

^1. Student of MSc health services administration, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^2. Public Relations Specialist, Development Resources Management Affairs, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^3. PH.d in health services administration, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^4. Clinical Research Development, Emam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^5. Student of MSc Healthcare Management, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

^6. Student of PHD in Epidemiology of Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

^7. MSc, Education of Medical Record, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^8. Master of Business Administration student, Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^*Corresponding Author: esfandnia2012@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: developing countries, health sectors devote about 50-80% of hospitals costs to them selves. In this paper we evaluate the performance of hospitals under supervision of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences over a five year period 2008-12 using PabonLaso diagram. Materials &Methods: This study was conducted in 16 hospitals in Kermanshah province and indicators used to evaluate the performance were collected including the average patient stay, bed occupancy rate and bed turnover. Data Interval using forms approved by the Department of Health for each hospital, then using spss19 software for statistical analysis. Results: The results showed that in 2008, 43.75% of the hospitals were in the first area, 18.75 percent in the second, 25 percent in third, 12.5% in the fourth .In 2009, 37.5% were in the first, 6.25 in the second, 37.5 in the third region, 18.75% in the fourth .In 2010, 31.25 were in first district, 18.75 in the second strict, 31.25 in the third and 18.75 in the fourth district .In 2011, 37.5, were in the first, 12.5 in the second, 31.25 in the third, 18.75 entered the fourth. in 2012,31.25% were in first region, 18.75% in the second area, 31.25% in the third region, 18.75% in fourth area total five years, 36.75% were locate in the first, 15% in the second,31.25% in the third and 17.5 percent in the fourth area. Conclusions: The results show that during the five years, the highest percentages they were in the first region that means not optimal use of resources.

[Mohsen Mohammadi, Arash Ziapoor, Mohammad Mahboubi, Alireza Faroukhi, Nastaran Amani, Fatemehe Hydar pour, Shirin Zardoei Gol Anbari, Afshin Esfandnia. Performance Evaluation of Hospitals under Supervision of Kermanshah Medical Sciences using Pabon Lasoty Diagram of a Five-year Period (2008-2012). Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):77-81]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.13

Keywords: performance evaluation, PabonLaso model, bed occupancy, average patient stay, bed occupancy rate.

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Explain of Ecstasy Use among Kermanshah Adolescents, the West of Iran: an Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

F .Jalilian ¹, Mari. A ², M. Mahboubi ³, F. Motlagh ⁴, A. Aghaei ⁵, M .Mirzaei Alavijeh ^6,* , N. Hatamzadeh ⁷

^1.Ph.D Student of health education & Promotion. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^2. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^3. PhD of Health Management; Kermanshah University of medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

^4. Ph.D Student of health education & Promotion. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

^5. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

⁶ MSc of health education, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Yazd, Iran

^7. PhD Student of health education and health promotion. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

^*Corresponding Authors E-mail: mehdimirzaiea@yahoo.com

Abstract: Ecstasy use was known as new epidemic condition at the worldwide. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence and factors influencing ecstasy use based on theory of planned behavior (TPB) among Iranian boy adolescents. A cross-sectional study, was conducted among the 163 adolescents in Kermanshah County, were randomly selected to participate voluntarily in the study. Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 using bivariate correlations and logistic regression statistical tests. Almost 6.8% of the participants had used ecstasy. The TPB variables accounted for 21% of the variation in the outcome measure of the intention to ecstasy use. The best predictor for ecstasy use was subjective norms with odds ratio estimate of 1.679 [95% CI: 1.203, 2.342]. Based on our result, it seems that designing and implementation of educational programs to reduce subjective norm toward ecstasy use could be usefulness of the results in order to prevent of ecstasy use.

[F .Jalilian, Mari. A, M. Mahboubi, F. Motlagh, A. Aghaei, M .Mirzaei Alavijeh, N. Hatamzadeh. Explain of Ecstasy Use among Kermanshah Adolescents, the West of Iran: an Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):82-86]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 14

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.14

Keywords: Ecstasy, Adolescents, Subjective Norm.

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Prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae by Real time PCR in referred patients with respiratory syndrome to clinic center of infectious diseases

Nazer MR^1*, Ghanadi K², Goodarzi Gh³, Sajedi Y⁴, Pournia Y⁵, Darvishi M⁶

^1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

^2. Assistant Professor, Internal Department, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

^3. Assistant Professor of Microbiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

^4. General Physician, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

^5. Instructor, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

^6. Assistant Professor, Infectious Diseases Department, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Iran

dr_nazer1@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Chlamydia pneumonia is the one of the most common reasons of community acquired pneumonia that can disturb cholesterol homeostasis in human and leading causes of coronary artery diseases and death. The purpose of the current study were to determine prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae by Real time PCR in referred patients with respiratory syndrome to infectious diseases clinic of university hospital. Methods and Materials: This study was an analysis of epidemiological descriptive study and Blood samples were collected for Chlamydia pneumoniae was tested by Real time PCR. The desired data using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables of agreement, mean, standard deviation and were compared and analyzed with spss18. Results: In this study, 104 patients were examined, 43 were men and 24 are women. and, 100% of the samples were negative for Chlamydia pneumoniae. Discussion: In this study all of the samples were negative for Chlamydia pneumoniae; numerous studies have been conducted in other parts of the world as well as a small percentage of Chlamydia pneumoniae from blood samples were positive. The reasons are low number of samples, low levels of bacteremia, the intracellular organisms, Excessive antibiotics prescription without any indications.

[Nazer MR, Ghanadi K, Goodarzi Gh, Sajedi Y, Pournia Y, Darvishi M. Prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae by Real time PCR in referred patients with respiratory syndrome to clinic center of infectious diseases. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):87-92]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 15

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.15

Keywords: Pneumonia, Real time PCR, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Polymerase Chain Reaction.

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A Research on the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Based on the Communication Approach

Baharak Nateghipour1, Dr. Ali Akbar Farhangi

Ph. D Student of Media Management Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran, Iran

Professor, Department of Media Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran, Iran

Abstract: Customer relationship management (CRM) affects gaining desired outcomes from relationship between customer and service provider. The aim of this paper is to present a model to evaluate customer communication management on the basis of communicational approach. This study is highly valuable because it provides experimental evidence on value of CRM to organizational managers and experts, and provides a collection of customer-oriented criteria and measures, which enable managers to identify roots of failed measures. The statistical population of this study includes all experts in non-state specialized publications of city in Tehran, as well as their subscribers. The method of this study is descriptive survey and the model of test will be studied with modeling structural equations and confirmative factor analysis using LISREL Software.

[Baharak Nateghipour1, Ali Akbar Farhangi. A Research on the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Based on the Communication Approach. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):93-99]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 16

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.16

Keywords: Management, Marketing, Communication, Customer, Provider, Relationship

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Republic of Iraq, Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research, University of Babylon /College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Fifth Scientific Symposium for Post Graduate Studies, January 2014

Abstracts: Seven research conference abstracts are in this contents.

[Dakhil Nassir Taha, Nada Ehya Fairooz, Nadhir N. A. Jafar, Salih Hadi Kadhim, Mahmoud Hussein Hadwan, Ahmed Saleh Farhood, et al. Fifth Scientific Symposium for Post Graduate Studies of Republic of Iraq, Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research, University of Babylon /College of Science, Department of Chemistry. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):100-109] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.17

Keywords: Iraq; Scientific Symposium; Post Graduate Studies; Higher Education; Chemistry

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Study of quality of life in heart failure hospitalized patients In Kerman medical university hospital in 2008

Yousefi1 P^{1, 2}, Sabzevari S^3*, dalizade M⁴, Haghdoost AA⁵

^1- MSc. of Nursing, Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar abbas, Iran.

^2- Social Determinats in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar abbas, Iran.

^3- PhD of Nursing & Medical Education, Assistant professor, Razi Nursing Faculty, Kerman, Iran.

^4- MSc. of Nursing, Academic Member, Razi Nursing Faculty, Kerman, Iran.

^5- PhD of Epidemiology, Professor, Kerman University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Kerman, Iran

E-mail: S_Sabzevariz@KMU.ac.ir

Abstract: Introduction: Heart failure is a disabling and chronic disease whose progressive symptoms and the subsequent physical limitations lower the quality of life. Improving the quality of life is of a great importance in the health care system academic course. Therefore, evaluating the life quality of patients with heart failure helps nurses to do a more principled care service. The present research was carried out with the aim of examining the quality of life among patients afflicted with heart failure. Methodology: This research is of a descriptive-analytical type and was done on 200 patients suffering from heart failure hospitalized in the heart section or CCU of Shafa and Afzalipour hospitals. In order to check for the life quality of these patients, the common and standard SF36 instrument was employed. The questionnaires were filled out through interviews with the patients. To analyze the data, central tendency, distribution, Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis and regression were employed using SPSS version 13. Findings: Research findings revealed that 57.5% of the patients were female. Average age was 65.43+12.02. In examining the aspects of life quality using SF36, the highest and lowest scores belonged to mental health and physical problems respectively. Investigating the correlation of individual characteristics and the quality of life among these patients revealed that those of less than 60 years of age who were also married enjoyed a better life quality. From different aspects, women had a lower quality of life than men (p<0.05); patients with lower educational level also showed to have a lower quality life. Investigating the correlation of comorbidities and the quality of life showed that patients who had experienced heart attack, angina, high blood pressure, diabetes, respiratory problems or CABG surgery had an overall lower quality of life. Concerning smoking cigarettes, drug addiction, affliction with kidney diseases, brain stroke, no statistically significant correlation was found (p<0.05). Conclusion: The overall results indicated that patients with heart failure are not privileged with a high quality of life. It is, therefore, suggested that healthcare providers especially nurses provide the required consistent care, proper treatment and facilities in order to improve the quality of life for these patients.

[Yousefi1 P, Sabzevari S, dalizade M, Haghdoost AA. Study of quality of life in heart failure hospitalized patients In Kerman medical university hospital in 2008. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):110-116]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 18

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.18

Key terms: heart failure, quality of life, interior of heart section, CCU.

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Prevalence and determinants of unwanted pregnancy in south of Iran, BandarAbbas

Mehrdad pakdaman¹, Sedighe Abedini², Amin Ghanbarnejad ^3*, Sahar Karimi⁴

^1. MD, Hormozgan Fertility & Infertility Research Center , Hormozgan Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran

^2. PhD student of maternal and child health, Dept of public health, School of Health Department of Research and Technology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran.

^3. MSc. Biostatistics, Research Center for social determinants in health promotion, school of health, Department of Research and Technology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran.

^4. Student Research Committee, Department of Research and Technology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran.

Abstract: Unplanned pregnancy is one the most severe public health risk which affects many women all around the world. Surveys indicated among 210 million pregnancies that occur throughout the world each year 38% are unintended. In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 305 female were selected using cluster sampling design from women referred to health centers of Bandar Abbas city where is located in south of Iran. The data was analyzed using chi-square, fisher exact test, odds ratio and multiple logistic regression in SPSS 16. The prevalence of unwanted pregnancy was reported 42.3% in this study. Based on logistic regression, spouse’s age, gravidity, experiencing unwanted pregnancy and marriage duration was significant factors on unwanted pregnancy. The results of this study show the importance of improving contraceptive usage among women aged between 20 and 29, which are more vulnerable. Also, using long acting contraceptive methods can prevent unwanted pregnancies among people who use them inconsistently and incorrectly.

[Mehrdad pakdaman, Sedighe Abedini, Amin Ghanbarnejad, Sahar Karimi. Prevalence and determinants of unwanted pregnancy in south of Iran, BandarAbbas. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):117-121]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 19

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.19

Key Word: Unwanted Pregnancy, Prevalence, Bandar Abbas, Logistic Regression.

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The relationship between demographic variables and internet addiction among Medical university students in Bandar Abbas

Hamed Jafari¹, Sakineh Dadipoor², Hamid Haghighi³, Amin Ghanbarnejad⁴, Ebrahim Zarei⁵, Ali Safari Moradabadi^2*

¹Master Student in clinical psychology, Department of clinical psychology payam noor university, Esfahan, Iran.

²Master Student in Health educatin, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee Hormozgan, Iran.

³Master Student in Counseling in of Education , Department Expert counselor in Counseling Center and Psychological Services, Hormozgan, Iran.

⁴MS in Biostatistics, Departemant Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

⁵Bc Student in Nurssing, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of medical sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran

Abstract: Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between demographic variables and Internet addiction among 400 students in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences from 2012-2013. Method: 400 students were randomly selected as the research subjects. Young and Camberli's Internet Addiction Questionnaire was used as the data collection scale. Then software SPSS 17 Was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the majority of the study populations (182 subjects) were common internet, and 175 users were at risk of over using, and only 43 were found as internet over users and had internet addiction. Among the participants in the study were female and 129 were male, 331 people were single and 69 people were married. The above table shows five demographic factors associated with internet addiction. The value of chi-square showed that factors such as gender, marital status, age, educational level and discipline are all associated with Internet addiction. Such a significant relationship was also found between Internet addiction and style of internet use. Conclusions: It seems that teaching students about the benefits and harms of online virtual world, providing recreational activities such as recreational sports for students, can be beneficial in preventing them from internet addiction.

[Hamed Jafari, Sakineh Dadipoor, Hamid Haghighi Amin Ghanbarnejad, Ebrahim Zarei, Ali Safari Moradabadi. The relationship between demographic variables and internet addiction among Medical university students in Bandar Abbas. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):122-126]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 20

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.20

Keywords: Internet addiction, demographic variables and students.

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Entrepreneurship Education and Training: A Survey of Literature

Mohammad Tahlil Azim¹ and Ali H. Al-Kahtani²

¹Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia,

²Department of Human Resources Management, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

tahlilazim@yahoo.com

Abstract: Entrepreneurship education and training have gained much attention from the academia in recent years. The study brings together a good number of empirical as well as conceptual studies on entrepreneurship education and training, and organizes them in a systematic way, which offers a broad picture of entrepreneurship education and training in light of its multiplicity and confusing nature. The paper is solely based on secondary literature published in various journals or books. It spots light on the definition, objectives, and contents of entrepreneurship education. It also highlights the approaches of teaching entrepreneurship and the role and features of the facilitators in the program. This paper is expected to facilitate researchers to conceptualize the notion of entrepreneurship education and training so that they can initiate research in various aspects of the area. Any Institution interested to introduce or revise its curriculum regarding entrepreneurship education or training may also find it of immense value.

[Azim, MT and Al-Kahtani A.H. Entrepreneurship Education and Training: A Survey of Literature. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):127-135]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 21

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.21

Key words: Entrepreneurship, Education, Training, Content, Approach.

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Effect of self-care education on self efficacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Foad Rahimi¹, Alireza Gharib^2*, Mehdi Beyramijam³, Omid Naseri⁴

¹Lecturer, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Sanandaj, Iran

²MSc in Community Health Nursing, Deputy of Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

³MSc in Community Health Nursing, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran

⁴BS in nursing, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Sanandaj, Iran

*Corresponding Author: gharibalireza@yahoo.com

Abstract: Collaborative relationship between patients and care providers is the basis of effective self efficacy in care is particularly with emphasis on their self-care aspects. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of education on levels of self efficacy in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study was a single blinded clinical trial conducted on 60 hemodialysis patients who were selected by convenience sampling in two groups.Patients were assigned to intervention and control groups randomly. Data collection tools included demographic information form and forms to determine the level of care for patients undergoing hemodialysis. Pre-intervention, questionnaires were completed with interviews then the self-care educational program was conducted. The control group did not receive the intervention. After education (one month) in the intervention group and the control group the questionnaires were completed again. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and using independent t-tests and chi-square (X²). Results: Results showed that there was a significant relation between self efficacy and education, occupational status, income and number of times of hemodialysis (p<0.05). Also, there was a significant relation between level of self-care and self-efficacy (p<0.05), by increasing self-care, self efficacy is also increasing. Results showed that mean of total score of self-care education program in the two groups was not significant; however after erforming desired program for two groups there was significant differences (p<0.05) leading to self care improvement. Conclusion: Designing and implementing self-care programs based on educational needs and in accordance with level of patients’ understanding can lead to positive results in terms of quality of life.

[Foad Rahimi, Alireza Gharib, Mehdi Beyramijam, Omid Naseri. Effect of self-care education on self efficacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis

[Foad Rahimi, Alireza Gharib, Mehdi Beyramijam, Omid Naseri. Effect of self-care education on self efficacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):136-140]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 22

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.22

Keywords: hemodialysis, self care, self efficacy, education.

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Quality of life in patients with breast cancer in Kashan: A cross-sectional study

Safa A¹, Rahemi Z², Aghajani M^3*

¹ Nursing M.Sc. Student, Research Committee of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

²Department of Nursing, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

³*Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

*Corresponding Author: aghajani1362@yahoo.com

Abstract: One of the most common cancers among women is breast cancer whose outbreak is increasing all over the world. This disorder affects different dimensions of patients’ lives; therefore, the present study was aimed at measuring life quality of patients with breast cancer. Materials and Method: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 92 patients with breast cancer in Kashan. They were randomly selected through cluster sampling. Required data in different dimensions were collected through the questionnaire of Quality of Life in Breast Cancer (QOL-BC) patients and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 14.0 software. Results: Patients’ average age was 42.9±8.7 and 57% of them were married. Total quality of life in 87% of the patients was average and that of 13% of them was high. Moreover, the highest quality of life in spiritual and physical dimensions was respectively 67.4% and 59.8%. And the lowest quality of life was related to psychological and financial dimensions. Statistical tests showed a significant relation between quality of life and age, disease duration, and fatigue and an inverse significant relation with the interval between diagnose and treatment. In addition, quality of life had no significant relation with marital status, education, and occupation. Discussion: According to the results of the present study that indicate favorable quality of life in physical dimension and low quality of life in psychological dimension, applying psychiatric techniques and social-psychological support and above all establishing communication with mutual understanding and respect to the patient can play a key role in controlling the disease complications and treatment whereby quality of life rises.

[Safa A, Rahemi Z, Aghajani M. Quality of life in patients with breast cancer in Kashan: A cross-sectional study. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):141-145]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 23

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.23

Keywords: quality of life; breast cancer.

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Study of Family Health Structure and Social Determinants; A cross-sectional study based on path analysis

Mansoreh Zarean¹*, Marzieh Shahsiah²

¹Assistant professor, Department of Shiite studies of the Center for Research on University of Religion and Denominations, Qom, Iran.

²Family of counseling, Research Center for Psychiatry and Health Psychology, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran

Abstract: The family, as one of the important institutions of society, influences other social institutions; it also influences the society as a whole. If the family fails to function normally, it will cause a great many problems. In other words, healthy society involves healthy families. This research has been concerned with family health and the social factors which influence it. Method: The method of this research is survey. The population consists of the Tehrani families, with at least one child, who has lived together at least five years. The sample consists of 367 families that have been randomly selected. Finding: The data gathering is based on the questionnaires. The data analysis shows that … The second variable which has a strong and meaningful relation with family health is the relationship between the families with the relatives. The economic and cultural similarity of navigated family as well as the social environment showed no meaningful relationship with the family health. Conclusions: families are influenced by the society. The family is closely related to the social, political, economic, and social institutions; these institutions influence the family both directly and indirectly.

[Mansoreh Zarean, Marzieh Shahsiah. Study of Family Health Structure and Social Determinants; A cross-sectional study based on path analysis. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):146-152]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 24

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.24

Keywords: Family health, navigated family, economic wealth, cultural wealth, family relations, social environment.

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The effect of acupressure on anxiety and dysrhythmia in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization

Mansoorzadeh KH¹, Afazel MR², Taghadosi M ^3,4* , Gilasi HR ^5,6

[1] M.Sc. Student of Critical Care Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

2Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

3Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

4Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

5Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.

6Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

*Corresponding Author: Taghadosi-1345@yahoo.com

Abstract: One of the ways to diagnose heart diseases is catheterization that most often causes stress and anxiety in patients. Acupressure is one of the effective non-pharmacological interventions to reduce patients’ anxiety. The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of acupressure on the level of anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Method: The study was a double-blind clinical trial in which 70 patients who had referred to Kashan’s Shahid Beheshti Hospital and undergone coronary angiography were studied. The participants were randomly assigned to an acupressure group and a pseudo points group. For the experimental group, acupressure was applied in correct third eye and shenmen points while the control group patients received acupressure in 1.5 cm away from the main points. Anxiety was measured through VAS anxiety questionnaire (0-10) and the dysrhythmia through a checklist. In the both groups, VAS anxiety and dysrhythmia in angiography blade were measured right away after the participants entered the angiography ward and before they were injected medication in three phases. Data analysis was carried out through independent t-test, paired t-test, covariance analysis, and chi square test. Results: There was a significant difference between the level of VAS anxiety of angiography blade and its level immediately after the patients entered the angiography ward and before they were injected medication (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding dysrhythmia (angiography blade and immediately after entering the angiography ward, p=0.2) and (angiography blade and before injecting medication, p=0.6). Discussion and Conclusion: Acupressure had positive effect on reduction of anxiety and tachycardia. Therefore, acupressure can be utilized before conducting critical procedures.

[Mansoorzadeh KH, Afazel MR, Taghadosi M, Gilasi HR. The effect of acupressure on anxiety and dysrhythmia in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):153-157]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 25

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.25

Keywords: acupressure; anxiety; dysrhythmia; coronary angiography.

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Analysis and Improvement of Methods of Management by Investment Risks

Saken Ualikhanovich Abdibekov, Asel Erikovna Bedelbayeva, Zamira Shakarimovna Akhmetova, Venera Rashitovna Burnasheva, Nurgul Baysharipovna Syzdykbayeva

Zhetysu State University of I.Zhansugurov, Zhansugurov St., 187A, 040000, Taldykorgan, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract: In the course of research the analysis which showed was carried out that each method of calculation of efficiency of investment projects in the conditions of risk, has the shortcomings. Therefore, the method of calculation of risks based on improvement of method of expert evaluations as it is one of the techniques most adapted for modern economic conditions was offered. The carried-out work will allow to make some specification of a method of calculation of risks at a stage of investment design.

[Abdibekov S.U., Bedelbayeva A.E., Akhmetova Z. Sh., Burnasheva V.R., Syzdykbayeva N.B. Analysis and Improvement of Methods of Management by Investment Risks. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):158-162] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 26

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.26

Keywords: Investment project (IP), investment risks, methods of an assessment of efficiency, method of expert evaluations, risk management.

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Methodological System of Technology of Communicative Teaching to the Lexical Aspect of the Russian Language

Salima Zhalgasovna Chakanova, Akmaral Satybaldievna Karpykbaeva, Saltanat Baigazievna Beisembaeva, Zhanar Baktybaevna Oshakbaeva

H.A. Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, B. Sattarkhanov Avenue 29, 161200 Turkistan town, the main campus, South Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan

Abstract: In modern pedagogy the teaching system means a system that implements the educational function. The classic definition of a pedagogical system as a set of " interrelated structural and functional components, subordinate objectives of peoples’ education". On the other hand, the educational system as a model system consists of the interaction of three elements: student, teaching and cultural layer. The last component is the content of education, and includes " material objects (products of human activity, the means of action) and common objects (spiritual values, methodological support of the resources, knowledge, worldviews, norms, etc.)". This model reflects the basic functions of the system of education - training, personal development.

[Chakanova S.Zh., Karpykbaeva A.S., Beisembaeva S.B., Oshakbaeva Zh.B. Methodological System of Technology of Communicative Teaching to the Lexical Aspect of the Russian Language. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):163-165] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 27

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.27

Keywords: Method, technology, communicative teaching, Russian language.

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Use of Natural Resources as an Object of Economic Incentive

Natalya Anatol'evna Dovgot'ko, Olga Nikolaevna Kusakina and Elizaveta Viktorovna Skiperskaja

Stavropol State Agrarian University, ln. Zootechnical, 12, 355017, Stavropol, Stavropol Territory, Russia

Abstract: This article indicates the critical importance of taking into account the environmental factor in the economic development of contemporary countries. The issues of formation and implementation of the economic mechanism of using natural resources are considered on the example of Russia. The central chain link of this mechanism is stimulation of use of natural resources with account for the environmental safety threshold. The author suggests her vision of the conceptual model of economic mechanism of using natural resources, which is based on cooperative strategy of market and government forms and methods of encouragement of using natural resources. The main problematic aspects of the mechanism of rational use of natural resources, which currently exists in Russia, are revealed and the ways to solve them using the international experience are suggested.

[Dovgot'ko N.A., Kusakina O.N., Skiperskaja E.V. Use of Natural Resources as an Object of Economic Incentive. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):166-170] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 28

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.28

Keywords: Use of natural resources, stable development, environmental safety, natural capital, ecosystems, economic mechanism of using natural resources, economic interests, incentive of rational use of natural resources, government control, natural resource taxes, environmental payments.

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When a salary is not enough for making a living: Case-study of Livelihood of Kazakhstani households

Daurenbek Kaiyrkeldyevich Kuleimenov

L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University, Yanushkevich Street, 6, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The transformation of economy into a market pattern with bigger influence of global changes on the local markets can be rightfully called the new challenge for transition societies. Households experienced crises in early transition and transformation periods had to change income strategies due to the insufficient old fashioned attitudes of planning budget and income sources to the new market conditions, which led to the appearance of new types of income strategies.

[Kuleimenov D.K. When a salary is not enough for making a living: Case-study of Livelihood of Kazakhstani households. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):171-174] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 29

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.29

Keywords: Households, income diversity, Sustainable livelihood strategies, transition of economy, market institutions.

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Lingual culture of heroism concept in Kazakh and English anthroponyms

Akylbek Kairatbekovich Meirbekov^1,2, Bolatbek Makulbekovich Tleuberdiyev¹, Assylbek Kairatbekovich Meiirbekov², Baikazak Musirovich Beketov¹, Karligash Zhanabayevna Elibayeva¹, Zhanat Saparbekovna Yergubekova², Zhazira Isaevna Isaeva² and Sholpan Perdeshovna Karsybekova²

¹ M.O. Auezov South Kazakhstan State University, Tauke Khan Avenue, 5, 160000, Shymkent city, Republic of Kazakhstan

²International kazakh-turkish university named after Kh.A. Yessewi, B. Sattarkhanov Avenue, 29, 161200, Turkestan city, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract: A set of anthroponyms forms individual universe in cognition of each people, in lingual consciousness as lingual semiotic symbols and represents lingual phenomena of this universe. The vision of the universe is the vision of cognition that may be perceived through anthroponyms. Anthroponomic concepts show the essence of the world from historical, mythological, aesthetic and other points of view. “Heroism” is one of such concepts. Basing on this idea and relying on ethnic and cultural data we try to show the meaning and the vision of anthroponimics in modern development of conceptological base by lingual and cultural expertise of mythic anthroponyms with “heroism” concept elements in non-related Kazakh and English languages through definition of similarities and differences in heroic features in national consciousness structure.

[Meirbekov A.K., Tleuberdiyev B.M., Meiirbekov A.K., Beketov B.M., Elibayeva Zh.E., Yergubekova Zh.S., Isaeva Zh.I., Karsybekova Sh.P. Lingual culture of heroism concept in Kazakh and English anthroponyms. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):175-178] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 30

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.30

Keywords: Heroism, concept, anthroponym, language, lingual culture.

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Features of Motives’ Manifestation of Professional Development and Personal Characteristics of Future Teachers

Abdimanat Abdrazakovich Zholdasbekov, Gulsim Janabergenova Lekerova, Zhamila Sarsenbaevna Sihynbaeva, Karlygash Abdimanatovna Zholdasbekova, Chinybaeva Gulnara Duisekovna

M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University, Tauke khan Avenue 5, 160000, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan 

Abstract: Kazakhstan's integration into the global system of higher education, the modernization of the various fields of education and socio-economic changes in society requires new demands on higher education, the quality of training of specialists that involve rethinking the basic directions of the professional training of teachers. The allegation that it is the teacher for all more or less significant changes in school education is the decisive force that can change things to the better, is so obvious that it does not demand to deploy foundation. But nowadays, in addition to the traditional problems of pedagogical work it gained one more, acquiring every year more and more urgent. This is the problem of rejuvenation of teaching staff of schools, qualities providing of schools with young professionals.

[Zholdasbekov A.A., Lekerova G.J., Sihynbaeva Zh.S., Zholdasbekova K.A., Chinybaeva G.D. Features of Motives’ Manifestation of Professional Development and Personal Characteristics of Future Teachers. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):179-183] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 31

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.31

Keywords: Motif professional development, personal characteristics of future teachers, the manifestations of motives.

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Occurrence of Temporal Mandibular Joint Pathology Symptoms in Middle, Elderly and Senile Aged Persons

Roza Safiullovna Ibragimova, Ulmeken Rakhimovna Mirzakulova, Alma Temirkhanovna Kosmaganbetova, Mariyam Cozbaevna Iskakova, Zhartybaev Rakhmet

Kazakh National Medical University after S.D. Asfendiyarov

Address: 88, Tole bi street, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050012

Abstract: The results of epidemiological and clinical studies of middle, elderly and senile aged persons, residing in Almaty city and Almaty oblast have been presented. Occurrence of different clinical symptoms of temporal mandibular joint functional disorders and inflammatory dystrophic diseases has been revealed and analyzed in them. The research work was performed within the framework of scientific and technical program called "Development of a model (program) of anti-aging active longevity of elderly and senile aged people in Kazakhstan", carried out by the RSE on the BRM « S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University».

[Roza Safiullovna Ibragimova, Ulmeken Rakhimovna Mirzakulova, Alma Temirkhanovna Kosmaganbetova, Mariyam Cozbaevna Iskakova, Zhartybaev Rakhmet. Occurrence of Temporal Mandibular Joint Pathology Symptoms in Middle, Elderly and Senile Aged Persons. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):184-190] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 32

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.32

Keywords: temporal mandibular joint, functional disorders, arthritis, arthrosis, occlusal rehabilitation, prosthetics, middle age, elderly age, senile age.

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Bifid Mandibular Condyle as a Manifestation of a Systemic Disease of Connective Tissue

Roza Safiullovna Ibragimova, Ulmeken Rakhimovna Mirzakulova, Alma Temirkhanovna Kosmaganbetova, Klara Zulkharnaevna Shalabayeva, Gulbaran Baigazinovna Zaitenova

Kazakh National Medical University after S.D. Asfendiyarov 88, Tole bi street, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050012

r_ibrag.@mail.ru

Abstract: Clinical case of extremely rare abnormality of temporal mandibular joint as bifid condyle of a 15 years old patient has been described. It was diagnosed for the first time during 23 years of clinical practice. This abnormality was accompanied by synovial chondromatosis of temporomandibulrar joint, osteoporosis, deformation coxoarthrosis from the left side, pelvis bones skewness (on MRI – right femoral bone head dysplasia, pelvis ring deformation) shortening of a right lower extremity. It enables the author to consider, that bifid condyle and temporomandibulrar joint chondromatosis in a 15 years old patient are the manifestations of a systemic disease of connective tissue.

[Ibragimova R.S., Mirzakulova U.R., Kosmaganbetova A.T., Shalabayeva K.Z., Zaitenova G.B. Bifid Mandibular Condyle as a Manifestation of a Systemic Disease of Connective Tissue. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):191-194] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 33

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.33

Keywords: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ), bifid mandibular condyle, synovial chondromatosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

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The Sociocultural Interference in the Process of the Formation of the Experience of Intercultural Activities of the Student

Aliya Abdiramanovna Yergazina

Aktobe University named after S. Baishev, Zhubanovs Br., 302 A, 030000, Aktobe, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The problems of sociocultural interference in the process of the formation of the experience of intercultural activities of the student are analyzed in the article. The sociocultural interference in our study is considered to be a communicative hindrance. The ability to build interaction and mutual understanding with partners in communication (social interaction), the ability to enter modern world processes of the development of civilization, the adequacy of mutual understanding between representatives of different cultural societies – all these tasks can be realized only with targeted forecasting of sociocultural interference. The successful forecasting of sociocultural interference is possible with cross-cultural interaction, that presupposes the way of communication of representatives of different national cultures within cognitive and communication activities. The cognitive aspect of such activities is considered to be a sum of knowledge and factors about the ethnical culture. The ethno-cultural information helps to get a systematic and full understanding about the real worldview of the representatives of different cultures. The communicative aspect is connected with sociocultural content, it includes the elements of socio-normative culture (the rules of verbal and nonverbal behavior of representatives of different cultures in comparison).

[Yergazina A.A.. The Sociocultural Interference in the Process of the Formation of the Experience of Intercultural Activities of the Student. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):195-198] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 34

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.34

Keywords: Socio-cultural interference, experience of intercultural activities, cross-cultural communication, cross-cultural conflict.

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Dependence of Greasing Factor of Cutting Energy and Technological Modes of Superfinishing Parts Processing

Anatoli Nikolaevich Tyurin

WK Agrarian-Technical University named after of Zhangir Khan, Zhangir Khan Street 51, 090009, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan

p_gagra@mail.ru

Abstract: One of superfinishing process contradictions is the fact that the less an abrasive tool greasiness is and, therefore, the less the friction between the surfaces of a workpiece and a tool is, the more intensive the allowance removal is and the surface roughness is, and conversely, the higher an abrasive tool greasiness is, the less the allowance removal is and the smaller the workpiece surface asperities are. During superfinishing parts processing the greasing factor of the bar working surface has great influence on the value of allowance removal and surface; the greasing factor, in its turn, is significantly influenced by both the characteristics of the bar and technological processing modes.

[Tyurin A.N. Dependence of Greasing Factor of Cutting Energy and Technological Modes of Superfinishing Parts Processing. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):199-201] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 35

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.35

Keywords: Cutting energy, superfinishing, oscillation frequency, bar pressing force, greasing factor.

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Resources of Terrorism Spread and its Globalization

¹Indira Muratovna Akylbayeva, ¹Zaure Borankulovna Malgarayeva, ¹Zhaniya Daulbaevna Kussainova, ¹Sailau Kassabekov Amanzholuly, ¹Lyazzat Amantaevna Umirzakova, ²Tengesh Serikbaevna Kalenova, ²Aygul Malikovna Zharkenova and ²Meruyert Doktirhanovna Tlebaldiyeva

¹Kazakh Humanities and Law University, Korgalzhyn highway Street, 8, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan

²L.N. Gumulyov Eurasian National University, Munaitpassov Street, 5, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan

Abstract: This paper is devoted to identifying resources of terrorism spread and its globalization. Authors estimate the spread of terrorism on the basis of application of scientists’ theoretical research, analysis of statistical data on terrorism, materials of sociological research among young people. The following resources of terrorism are allocated: territorial resources, demographic and migration processes of the Muslim world, the marginalization of the population and social tensions of society, as well as a crisis of ideology and spiritual values. Particular attention is given to the methods of combating terrorism: increased legitimacy of the state, reduced socio - economic and political tensions in the global scale, the formation of national and patriotic values among young people, the use and development of information and educational channels for clarification of terrorism as an ideology of violence, the spread of a culture of dialogue and religious tolerance.

[Akylbayeva I.M., Malgarayeva Z.B., Kussainova Zh. D., Amanzholuly S.K., Umirzakova L.A., Kalenova T.S., Zharkenova A.M., Tlebaldiyeva M.D. Resources of Terrorism Spread and its Globalization. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):202-206] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 36

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.36

Keywords: Terrorism, globalization, Islam religion, marginalization, social tension, Muslim world.

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Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Territory Influenced by the Karachaganak Oil and Gas Condensate Field in West Kazakhstan Region

Kazhmurat Maksutovich Akhmedenov, Vladimir Stepanovich Kucherov, Tlekkali Ahmetkereevich Turganbaev, Laura Hasanovna Suhanberdina and Diamara Kabdenovna Tulegenova

West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University named of Zhangir Khan, Zhangir Khan Street 51, 090009, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. The results of the study of soil and natural surface water quality, neighboring the Karachaganak field territory of the West Kazakhstan region are available. The results of three years’ air monitoring at the Karachaganak oil and gas condensate field area have been analyzed. The data on the distribution of major pollutants - carbon monoxide (II), nitrogen oxides (IV), sulfur oxide (IV), hydrogen sulfide - in the air of three communities over the years and year seasons are available. The state of the environment in the area of oil and gas industry’s activity has been assessed.

[Akhmedenov K.M., Kucherov V.S., Turganbaev T.A., Suhanberdina L.H., Tulegenova D.K. Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Territory Influenced by the Karachaganak Oil and Gas Condensate Field in West Kazakhstan Region. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):207-212] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 37

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.37

Keywords: Karachaganak oil and gas condensate field; monitoring; pollutants; air; natural water; dark chestnut soil; strategic environmental assessment.

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Development of Agro-food Market of Kazakhstan in Conditions of Modernization of Economy

Elvira Sihimovna Alimkulova, Saule Anuarbekovna Kaltayeva, Gulmira Zharylhasynovna Azretbergenova, Bagila Usenbayevna Mustafayeva, Botagoz Zhenisovna Almukhambetova

Ahmet Yassawi Kazakh-Turkish International University, Sattarhanov street, 29, 161200 Turkestan, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The article investigates trends and problems of agro-industrial market of Kazakhstan. Authors analyze main stages of market reforms, which influenced greatly the development of agricultural industry in Kazakhstan. Having considered the situation in agro-industrial complex (AIC) of the Republic of Kazakhstan the authors formulate further steps to increase competitiveness of agrarian sector in conditions of economy modernization.

[Alimkulova E.S., Kaltayeva S.A., Azretbergenova G.Zh., Mustafayeva B.U., Almukhambetova B.Zh. Development of Agro-food Market of Kazakhstan in Conditions of Modernization of Economy. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):213-217] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 38

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.38

Keywords: AIC, modernization of agrarian sector, agriculture, agrarian products, processing industry, competitiveness.

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Gender Constructing in Political Discourse

Olga Konstantinovna Andryuchshenko, Gulnara Seilbekovna Suyunova, Zhanara Berikovna Abildinova

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Mira Street, 60, 140000, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The article deals wit gender research in political communication. The authors explore the most typical gender stereotypes for canvassing discourse, analyze the language means of their expression. The gender designing in political communication is among the most language manipulation challenges. Males and females develop different behavioral motives, different strategies and tactics of communication. The male langue behavior is, as a rule, aimed at achieving and preserving independence and a high status. The public expects absence of conflicts from females, tractability, emotionality. The authors believe that a candidate builds up a positive image in the canvassing period with the help of gender stereotypes, which are most successful and effective in the discourseе.

[Andryuchshenko O.K., Suyunova G.S., Abildinova Zh.B. Gender Constructing in Political Discourse. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):218-222] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 39

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.39

Keywords: Gender, discourse, stereotype, politics, manipulation, power.

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Classification of Mediation in Bribery and the Issue on Foreign State Officials or International Organizations as Subjects of Giving and Taking Bribe

Muldir Yerlanovna Bodykova

Academy of Financial Police, Kosshy 021 804, Tselinograd areas, Akmola region, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. This article deals with legal classification issues of the criminal acts of the false mediator with regard to bribery, as well as considers recommendations of international organizations against the bribery. The author gives a legal analysis of criminal prosecution for giving and taking bribes to/by foreign officials and international organizations.

[Bodykova M.Y. Classification of Mediation in Bribery and the Issue on Foreign State Officials or International Organizations as Subjects of Giving and Taking Bribe. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):223-228] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 40

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.40

Keywords: Officials, giving and taking bribes, criminal liability for bribery, subjects of the crime.

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Interrelation of professional burnout with social demographic features of teachers

Eugeniy Vasilevich Bronskiy, Marat Elemisovich Kusmidenov, Valentina Ilinichna Lebedeva

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Mira Street, 60, 140000, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

Abstract. This article is devoted to a problem of emotional burnout of the teacher of physical culture. Dependence of a condition of symptoms of emotional burnout syndrome from social demographic factors of teachers, such as: age, gender, work experience, skill level, place of residence, which is difficult, various and rather inconsistent, is revealed. Social demographic and professional variables which support the greatest number of significant correlations with symptoms of emotional burnout are: age, experience, place of residence. The pedagogical experience has some parallels with another variable – the age of respondents, with a similar correlation scheme.

[Bronskiy E.V., Kusmidenov M.E., Lebedeva V.L. Interrelation of professional burnout with social demographic features of teachers. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):229-232] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 41

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.41

Keywords: Emotional burnout syndrome, social demographic features, symptoms of burnout, teachers of physical culture.

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Teacher and Classroom Context Effects on Academic Achievement of Primary School Students

¹Mehmet Korkmaz, ²Bagdat Mukhtarovich Baimukhanbetov, ³Abdykalyk Kosherbaevich Abdillayev, ³Serik Bayankulovich Aknazarov, ³Saltanat Tynybekovna Nyshanova

¹Gazi University, Faculty of Education, Department of Educational Sciences, Ankara/TURKEY

²Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Institute for Master and PhD programs, Almaty, KAZAKHSTAN

³H.A.Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, B. Sattarkhanov Avenue 29, 161200 Turkistan town, the main campus, South Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The aim of this study is to elucidate how much of the students achievement can be attributed to the effectiveness of the teacher and how much is due to effectiveness of the school. The study is therefore focused upon three basic virtues which an effective teacher is supposed to have namely, instructional strategies classroom curriculum design, and classroom management .The other variable was the seven virtues of the effective school as safe and orderly environment, collegiality and professionalism family and community involvement, effective feedback, a reliable and an applicable curriculum, student motivation, parental support. According to the statistical analyses the teacher effectiveness scale explained (R²=0.42) of the total variance of students’ perceptions related with academic achievement. This value is (R²=0.38) for the school effectiveness. If we consider these two independent variable together they were found to explain (R²=0.56) the variance of the perception of the students about their academic achievements.

[Korkmaz M., Baimukhanbetov B.M., Abdillayev A.K., Aknazarov S.B., Nyshanova S.T. Teacher and Classroom Context Effects on Academic Achievement of Primary School Students. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):233-240] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 42

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.42

Keywords: Effective School, Effective Teacher, Academic Achievement of the Students.

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Theoretical Basis of Natural Ventilation inside Darrieus Wind Turbine

Ainakul Kapasovna Yershina¹, Shakhbaz Alimgireevich Yershin², Rustem Kusaingazievich Manatbayev²

¹Kazakh State Women Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

²Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstract. Windmills belong to the most advanced systems, the so-called alternative energy. For example, offshore wind farms today are an important source of renewable energy in many countries, having access to the Baltic and North seas. However, in some regions, especially where the climate is characterized by severe winters, operating manager faced with a very serious problem - the formation of ice on the propeller blades. "At some point the ice with the blade breaks and flies away to a distance of two hundred or three hundred meters, often it is a hefty piece of ice weighing pounds, or even two. Of course, such a bomb might kill. "And these problems are not limited. In the winter for 5 months, employees of Swedish firms were round the clock monitoring of one of the Swedish wind turbines near the city of Herne Sand, measuring wind speed, the thickness of ice on the blades and the performance of wind turbines. It turned out that even a slight crust of ice greatly reduces the efficiency of installation, since the sharp deterioration in the aerodynamic characteristics of blades. As soon as the thickness exceeds one millimeter ldi begin losses. As a result of this wind turbine developed by 15 per cent less electricity. Even if these losses are "scatter" for the entire year, you still get more than 5 percent - a very a significant number. "The problem of an icing relevant for almost all wind turbines: their performance drops significantly in the winter. Not only that, due to the freezing of supercooled rain or sleet worse aerodynamics of the blades, so wind turbines and then have to turn off altogether if the thickness of the ice layer exceeds a critical value. The same situation is observed in Finland and in northern Germany, and Switzerland and Russia. In this work we are considered natural air convection by influence carioles force in direct blade internal hole of Darrieus wind turbine and thermo saving of carousel type wind turbine construction version.

[Yershina A.K., Yershin Sh.A., Rustem Kusaingazievich Manatbayev R.K. Theoretical Basis of Natural Ventilation inside Darrieus Wind Turbine. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):241-244] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 43

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.43

Keywords: Wind turbine, wing profile NASA-0021, criterion of Nusselt.

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Vocational training of students when studying biological disciplines

Bibenur Askarovna Baidalinova, Bakhytzhamal Bagustarovna Gabdulhaeva, Muhametkali Kalimovich Zhakupov, Gulsara Kanatkyzy Darzhuman, Saltanat Zhumabaevna Kabieva

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

Abstract. Article is devoted to a problem of vocational training of students by means of studying of biological disciplines in the conditions of the changes happening in modern education. As a methodological basis of its decision competence-based approach is offered. Vocational training of students when studying biological disciplines as process of mastering by the competences necessary for professional activity of the biologist locates. In turn, professional readiness of students is understood as existence the of fundamental knowledge of biological disciplines and other fundamental disciplines, an ability to use this knowledge in design activity for the solution of problems of the applied character considering specifics of specialty, motivation existence to the solution of professional tasks and ability to work in team, possession professional competences. The model of vocational training of students means of studying of biological disciplines and pedagogical conditions of its effective realization locates in modern conditions of training of students of biologists to professional activity in pedagogical higher education institution.

[Baidalinova B.A., Gabdulhaeva B.B., Zhakupov M.K., Darzhuman G.K., Kabieva S.Zh. Classification of Mediation in Bribery and the Issue on Foreign State Officials or International Organizations as Subjects of Giving and Taking Bribe. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):245-248] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 44

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.44

Keywords: Vocational training of students, studying of biological disciplines.

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Methodological approaches to content of foreign language education

¹Kamariyash Raikhanovna Kalkeyeva, ¹Perizat Bayteshevna Seitkazy, ²Gulnur Sabetkanovna Jexembayeva

¹Eurasional National University named after L.N. Gumilev, 5 Munaytpasov St., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

²“Turan-Astana” University, 29 Y. Dukenuly St., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

Abstract. In this article we consider content of foreign language education, which is methodological issue, caused by globalization process of modern society. Developing of foreign language education must take into account not only requirements of XXI century, but provide maintaining the best traditions of national educational systems. During building of content of foreign language education focusing on reality of the world educational development, specifics of the local country education features, as well as politics, economics, social, historical and cultural, educational sides of life development is needed. Suggested methodological approaches provide complete fulfilling of the content of foreign language education. Approaches are supposed to consider foreign language education as natural, regular process of society developing. Methodological approaches are reflected in various educational and cultural theories. The article can be start point for the future researches and developers of foreign language education issues.

[Kalkeyeva K.R., Seitkazy P.B., Jexembayeva G.S. Methodological approaches to content of foreign language education. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):249-253] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 45

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.45

Keywords: Foreign language, education, methodological approaches.

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Increase of professional competence of students in the conditions of teacher training college

Zhanar Manatbekovna Baigozhina¹, Gulzhan Muhametkalievna Gauriyeva², Zhanat Zhenisbekovna Aitpaeva³, Guldensin Orazbekovna Rakhimbekova⁴, Dzhanat Zhantemirovich Sakenov¹

¹Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

²Eurasian National University named after L. Gumilev, Astana, Kazakhstan

³East Kazakhstan State University named after S. Amanzholov, Ust - Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan

⁴S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, Astana, Kazakhstan

Abstract. In this article the essence, specifics, opportunities and features of increase of professional competence of students in the conditions of teacher training college on the basis of the analysis of psychology and pedagogical researches of a problem is revealed. The structure, key characteristics and mechanisms of increase of professional competence of students in the conditions of the teacher training college, influencing professional formation of students are revealed and theoretically proved. The original model of increase of professional competence of students in the conditions of the teacher training college, including components, stages, mechanisms, criteria and indicators of productivity of process is developed and introduced. Check of efficiency of model of increase of professional competence of students in the conditions of teacher training college is carried out.

[Baigozhina Zh.M., Gauriyeva G.M., Aitpaeva Zh.Zh., Rakhimbekova G.O., Sakenov D. Zh.. Increase of professional competence of students in the conditions of teacher training college. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):254-257] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 46

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.46

Keywords: Increase of professional competence of students, conditions of teacher training college.

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Instant messaging application for Smartphone

Meruert Serik and Gulmira Beketovna Balgozhina

Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Merzoyana Srteet, 2, 010008, Astana, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The article proposes to develop an Instant messaging application for Smartphone that users can contact with friends and family by sending an SMS. Smartphone - software that will be able to implement certain elements of the educational process. Instant messaging application includes a convenient and effective set of tools to provide quick access to all information. They provide support for advanced features such as remote procedure call, group chat, file transfer, invisible mode.

[Serik M., Balgozhina G.B. Instant messaging application for Smartphone. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):258-262] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 47

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.47

Keywords: Instant Messaging, short message services, Multimedia messaging service, communication, Jabber protocol, Jabber server, Jabber client, user, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol.

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Power Supplies for Microarc Oxidation Devices

Andrey Viktorovich Bolshenko, Alexandr Valentinovich Pavlenko, Vladimir Sergeevich Puzin, Ilya Nikolaevich Panenko

Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (Novocherkassk Polytechnic Institute), Prosvescheniya street, 132, Novocherkassk, Rostovskaya oblast, Russia, 346428.

Abstract. The issues of the microarc oxidation technology have been considered, the review and classification of the electrical modes of the microarc oxidation have been carried out. The analysis of the known circuit solutions to build the process power supplies for microarc oxidation has been conducted; its strengths and weaknesses have been defined. The review of the known industrial designs of the power supplies for microarc oxidation has been carried out. The requirements for process power supplies have been defined, it’s structural and circuit implementation options which ensure gaining coatings with a wide complex of set physical and chemical properties have been suggested. The mathematical models which allow evaluating the electronic power device operating modes, have been developed for the proposed power supplies implementation options.

[Bolshenko A.V., Pavlenko, A.V. Puzin V.S., Panenko I.N. Effect Power Supplies for Microarc Oxidation Devices. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):263-268] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 48

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.48

Keywords: Microarc oxidation, power supplies, industrial designs.

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Mycobiota of Seeds in Granaries of South Kazakhstan

Ardak Muratovna Bostanova, Zaida Sagadildaevna Azhibayeva, Gani Isauli Isayev, Almagul Klimovna Ubaidullayeva, Murat Tajibaevich Erdenov, Guljan Urinbasarovna Abichova, Gulmira Jusupovna Turmetova, Nurlan Birzhanovich Tolbayev

International Kazakh-Turkish University after Kh.A. Yessewi, 161200, Bekzat Sattarkhanov, Turkestan, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract. In the article the technique and results of researches of mycobiota of seeds are given in granaries of the Southern Kazakhstan. Seeds possess the lowered intensity of exchange processes, and consequently, and low level of the induced immunity. The mushrooms showing pathogenic properties concerning seeds, not always correspond to the types striking plants. Among them the forms relating to typical saprotrophs which aren't capable to enter antagonistic relationship with a plant their presence on seeds of field mushrooms meet is in inverse proportionality from development of mushrooms of storage. In granaries except phytopathogenic mushrooms, great damage to a seed material can cause saprofite mold and storage mushrooms. The strengthened development of mold mushrooms in seed weight is explained by the maintenance of the big range of the hydrolytic enzymes allowing intensively influencing integumentary and reserving fabrics of grain. Authors established specific structure, bioecological properties of mushrooms.

[Bostanova A.M., Azhibayeva Z.S., Isayev G.I., Ubaidullayeva A.K., Erdenov M.T., Abichova G.U., Turmetova G.J., Tolbayev N.B. Mycobiota of Seeds in Granaries of South Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):269-275] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 49

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.49

Keywords: Micobiota of seeds, causative agents of diseases being transferred by seeds, phytopathogenic mushrooms, field mushrooms, storage mushrooms.

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A New Poultry Disease in Kazakhstan

Assylbek Musoev¹, Nygmet Assanov¹, Galia Mussina², Abylay Sansyzbay¹, Үrzhan Omarbekova¹

¹ Department of Veterinary Medicine, the Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

² «UniVet», Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The epizootological and serological monitoring of avian metapneumovirus infection has been carried out in poultry farms of Kazakhstan among different species and ages of bird. Clinical manifestations were more common in turkeys. A higher rate of avian metapneumovirus seroprevalence was observes among adult chickens aged between 27 weeks and 56 weeks, and turkeys 38 days of age.

[Musoev A., Assanov N., Mussina G., Sansyzbay A., Omarbekova Y. A New Poultry Disease in Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):276-279] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 50

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.50

Keywords: Monitoring, turkey rhinotracheitis, swollen head syndrome, avian metapneumovirus infection, immunoassay method.

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Hydrobiological Characteristics of Lake Tayinty 

Anar Bazarovna Myrzagaliyeva¹, Talant Nurzhakypovich Samarkhanov¹, Ludmila Borisovna Kushnikova²

¹Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan State University, Kazakhstan Street, 55, 070019, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan

²The East Kazakhstan branch of the Republican State-Owned Enterprise Kazhydromet, 070003, Potnina Street, 12, Kazakhstan

Abstract. The article provides the findings of a hydrobiological study on Lake Tayinty located in Ulan District of East Kazakhstan Province. For the first time ever, data is provided on the present-day condition of the lake’s phyto- and zooplankton and macrozoobenthos. The study has identified 29 species of algae within the lakes’s phytoplankton and 12 taxa within its zooplankton. The values for the density and biomass of zooplankton on the Kitaev trophicity scale indicate a high level of productiveness on the part of the lake’s plankton invertebrates. By the M.L. Pidgaiko et al. fishery classification, the lake belongs to the eutrophic type. The lake’s macrozoobenthos includes 13 taxa. By the values for macrozoobenthos biomass, the lake belongs to the β-mesotrophic class. By the values for the development of macrozoobenthos, the quality of surface waters is Class III, which puts the lake in the moderate pollution category.

[Myrzagaliyeva A.B., Samarkhanov T.N., Ludmila Borisovna Kushnikova L.B. Hydrobiological Characteristics of Lake Tayinty. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):280-285] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 51

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.51

Keywords: hydrobiology, phytoplankton, zooplankton, macrozoobenthos, taxonomic abundance, saprobity index, biomass.

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Development of New Friction Bearing for Swinging Movement in Knots of Transport Equipment and its Processing by Superfinishing 

Bakytzhan Nurzhanovich Salimov¹, Alexander Nikolaevich Vinogradov², Dauren Kaisarovich Kushaliev¹, Askar Maksutovich Hamsin¹, Nurgul Bolatovna Adilova¹, Kanat Amangeldievich Narikov¹

¹West-Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University named after Jangir Khan, 13, Notheast microregion, Apt.73, Uralsk, 009003, Kazakhstan

²Saratov State Technical University named after Gagarin, 34-38, Beloglinsky St., Apt.73, Saratov, 410056, Russia

Abstract. The author proposes friction bearing construction for swinging movement which is provided with mobile inserts in the form of screw-like cylindrical spring (as intermediary element). This bearing in fluctuation mode is rotating only into one direction – in such a way uniform ware-and-tear and grease distributions is achieved. The tension of the spring which is necessary to provide micro-plastic deformations can be achieved by its additional squeezing. Oxidizing processes in this construction are eliminated by means of sealing ring. This bearing can be used instead of needle bearing of the cardan shaft, silent blocks of the suspension, knots of steering control and other joints which operate in swinging mode. For these bearings the author proposes developed way of superfinishing by means of sloped abrasive stone at the final operations. By means of the calculated equation it is possible to obtain points of interaction between the tool and the part. By this it is possible to identify geometric parameters of the item in the process of manufacturing.

[Salimov B.N., Vinogradov A.N., Kushaliev D.K., Hamsin A.M., Adilova N.B., Narikov K.A. Development of New Friction Bearing for Swinging Movement in Knots of Transport Equipment and its Processing by Superfinishing. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):286-290] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 52

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.52

Keywords: Parts of bearings, spring insert, ratchet effect, change of insert diameter, elastic tightness instead of gap.

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Effect of stress susceptibility of sows on milk production under their intensive use

Ai-Gul Seralievna Segizbaeva

Kostanau Engineering-Economical University named after M. Dulatov, Chernishewska str. 59, Kostanau, Kazakhstan

Abstract. This work presents the research results on age-related dynamics of lactation performance of stress-resistant and stress-susceptible sows. It is revealed that the lactation performance of stress-resistant sows during the first three lactations is 12.5-13.6% higher than that for the stress-susceptible saws. Lactation performance of the sows increases with the age; for stress-resistant animals it increases up to the third lactation, inclusive, while for stress-susceptible sows – up to the fourth lactation; then the lactation performance decreases. The most intensive decrease is observed in stress-resistant sows. Consequently, during the fifth lactation the sows’ lactation performance becomes 4.3% lower, than for the stress-susceptible animals.

[Segizbaeva A.S. Effect of stress susceptibility of sows on milk production under their intensive use. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):291-294] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 53

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.53

Keywords: Lactation performance, stress-resistant sows, stress-susceptible sows, lactation, stress susceptibility.

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Information-cognitive activity of a man (learner)

Galina Rudolfovna Vodyanenko

Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Komsomolsky prospect, 29, 614000, Perm, Russia

Abstract. The author explains why traditional model of cognitive activity of a man must be changed in the epoch of formation of information society. Key components of the system of information-cognitive activity are presented, which is contemporary model of cognitive activity intended for interaction with new information reality.

[Vodyanenko G.R. Information-cognitive activity of a man (learner). Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):295-296] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 54

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.54

Keywords: Informatization information environment, information space, cognitive activity, thinking activity, information activity, research activity, information - cognitive activity.

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Impact of insulin resistance and hyperferritenemia on Serum interferon gamma and early virological response to interferon therapy among Egyptian HCV patients

Maha E. Houssen^1*, Abeer mesbah², Mona Arafa³, Dina shahin⁴

¹ Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University Egypt

²Clinical pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

³ Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

⁴Internal medicine Department Rheumatology and Immunology unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

*corresponding author

E-mail address: mahahoussen@yahoo.com; Tel: +201226082449

mailing address: 107 suez canal street, mansura, dakahlia, egypt

Abstract: Introduction: Resistance to interferon therapy in HCV patients represents a major health problem. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of insulin resistance (IR) and hyperferritenemia on the antiviral and immunomodulatory activities of interferon alpha (IFNα) therapy in Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Design and Methods: The current study is a prospective, observational case- control study, a total of 165 patients with HCV recruited from Internal Medicine and Tropical Departements- Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt were enrolled in the study. According to their response to IFN α therapy were classified into responders and non responders. Serum HCV m RNA, glucose, insulin, ferritin and interferon gamma (IFNγ) were measured. (IR) was estimated by the homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results: Non responder patients revealed elevated levels of serum ferritin and HOMA index accompanied by elevated HCV m RNA and IFN γ levels as compared to responders patients (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed that IR and hyperferritenemia interfere with the antiviral and immnomodulatory effects of IFN α therapy as assessed by serum HCV m RNA and IFN γ levels respectively.

[Maha E. Houssen, Abeer mesbah, Mona Arafa, Dina shahin. Impact of insulin resistance and hyperferritenemia on Serum interferon gamma and early virological response to interferon therapy among Egyptian HCV patients. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):297-306] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 55

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.55

key words: HCV, Insulin resistance, ferritin, IFN γ, IFNα

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Physicochemical Characteristics of Goats Milk ( Review)

Hayam M. Abbas, Fatma A.M. Hassan, Mona A.M. Abd El-Gawad and A. K. Enab

Dairy Department – National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

Prof.hayamabbas@yahoo.com

Abstract: As goats milk has many therapeutic properties and nutritive value, various investigators studied its chemical composition and physical characteristics where these compositional changes, may alter the processing quality of goats milk. So, this study aware with some physiochemical properties of Goat milk as a functional diet for human healthy.

[Hayam M. Abbas, Fatma A.M. Hassan, Mona A.M. Abd El-Gawad and A. K. Enab. Physicochemical Characteristics of Goats Milk (Review). Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):307-317]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 56

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.56

Keyword: Goat milk, Milk lipids, Milk proteins, Physicochemical Characteristics.

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Serological Autoimmune Markers in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Hassan M. ¹, Hussein M. ¹* and El-Wakil W ²

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University

²Research Fellow- Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital

Moh_marwa_omar@hotmail.com

Abstract: Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and certain serological markers of autoimmunity (namely anti-nuclear antibody [ANA], anti-double-stranded DNA [anti-dsDNA] and anti-histone antibodies] in a sample of Egyptian women. Methods: The study included two groups of women; the first group (Group I) included women presenting to the Infertility Outpatient Clinic at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, with a diagnosis of PCOS. An equivalent number of age-matched fertile women were included as a second control group (Group II). Blood samples were withdrawn for checking the levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). In addition, the samples were assayed for three non-organ-specific autoimmune antibodies, namely anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-double stranded DNA (anti-ds DNA) and anti-histone antibodies. Results: There was no significant difference between both groups regarding serum FSH level. The mean values of serum LH, serum LH-to-FSH ratio and serum TSH levels were significantly higher in women of group I [PCOS Group]. The mean serum levels of ANA, anti-dsDNA and ant-histone antibodies were significantly higher in women of group I. Conclusion: PCOS seems to be significantly associated higher serum levels of non-organ-specific autoantibodies. This may suggest an underlying autoimmune etiology in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

[Hassan M., Hussein M. and El-Wakil W. Serological Autoimmune Markers in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):318-322] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 57

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.57

Key word: PCOS – polycystic ovary syndrome – serological markers – autoimmunity – antinuclear antibody – anti-double stranded DNA antibody – anti-histone antibody

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Nursing Guidelines on Hair Dandruff Symptoms for adult patients

Hanan Shehata Mohamed¹, Nadia Hamed Farahat², Naglaa Girgis Megallaa³ and Mona Abd Elhaleem⁴

¹Assistant Professor of Medical Surgical Nursing,Faculty of Nursing-Ain Shams University

²Assistant Professor of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing- Ain Shams University

³Assistant Professor of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing-Benha University

⁴Lecturer Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine- Ain Shams University

nadiahamed25@yahoo.com, dr.hananShehata@yahoo.com

Abstract: Dandruff is a chronic condition that can almost always be controlled, it is a common scalp disorder, and it can be an embarrassing hair problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nursing guidelines on hair dandruff symptoms for adult patients. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used to conduct this study. Setting: The study was conducted at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of El-Demerdash Hospital in Ain Shams University. Sampling: A purposive sample including 72 hair dandruff adult patients, which represent 20% of last year attended adult patients' complaining from this problem. Tool: A structured interview questionnaire included demographic characteristics of hair dandruff patient, current symptom, patient’s knowledge and practices regarding their hair dandruff. Results: the study group included 16.6% males and 83.4% females. The mean age was 27.6±6.1, the patients' entire symptoms improved after implementation of nursing guidelines instructions, with highly statistically significant differences between pre/post guidelines implementation (p<0.001) regarding level of knowledge and practices. There was a highly statistically significant correlation between level of knowledge and level of practices as poor level of knowledge was associated with inadequate practices (r= 0.78). Conclusion: The implementation of nursing guidelines’ instructions had improved patients’ hair dandruff symptoms, with highly statistically significant differences between pre/post tests (p<0.001) regarding level of knowledge and practices, which indicated to a well observed improvement of patients’ symptoms related to hair dandruff. This had proved by the differences between pre/post program implementation which showed highly statistically significant differences in all the tested items. The study recommends for increasing health awareness about the importance of hygiene practices as it is a blueprint for prevention and treatment of dandruff.

[Hanan Shehata Mohamed, Nadia Hamed Farahat, Naglaa Girgis Megallaa and Mona Abd Elhaleem. Nursing Guidelines on Hair Dandruff Symptoms for adult patients. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):323-233]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 58

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.58

Keywords: hair dandruff, nursing guidelines

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Value of Pre- and on Treatment Serum Ferritin as Predictors of Treatment Response in Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Ahmed Abbas El Khateeb⁽¹⁾, Ashraf AlBreedy ⁽¹⁾ and Sherif Monier Mohamed⁽²⁾

Department of Tropical Medicine⁽¹⁾- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroentrology⁽²⁾- Faculty of Medicine- Ain Shams University- Cairo -Egypt

Sherifmonier@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background and aim: An increase in serum ferritin levels during combined interferon–ribavirin treatment in chronic patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been established. This study was conducted to determine whether pre treatment serum ferritin and the changes of ferritin during antiviral therapy, may assist in predicting sustained virological response (SVR). Patients and methods: seventy patients with chronic HCV received the combination therapy were included. Serum ferritin and iron levels were measured pretreatment, 4 and 12 weeks during therapy. Results: thirty nine patients didn’t achieve SVR (non SVR group) and 31 patients achieved SVR (SVR group). The median pre-treatment serum ferritin and iron were significantly higher in non SVR group compare to SVR group (171.7 vs 156 ng/ml and 138.8 vs 118 μg /dl) respectively. During antiviral therapy, ferritin levels increased in both groups, but the median increase (compared to baseline) and the calculated rate of the increase in serum ferritin levels was higher in SVR group patients compare to non SVR (0.07 vs. 0.031 at week 4 and 0.1923 vs 0.087 at week 12 of therapy respectively with p value < 0.05). Both Baseline ferritin and the increase of ferritin during therapy didn’t correlate with baseline hemoglobin or with rate of hemoglobin drop. Also, higher rates of increase in serum ferritin during treatment together with lower fibrosis stage and rapid virological response (RVR) are strong independent predictors of SVR. Conclusion: Measuring serum ferritin levels during antiviral therapy in HCV patients may predict SVR

[Ahmed Abbas El Khateeb, Ashraf AlBreedy and Sherif Monier Mohamed. Value of Pre- and on Treatment Serum Ferritin as Predictors of Treatment Response in Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection. Life Sci J 2014;11(1s):334-339]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 59

doi:10.7537/marslsj1101s14.59

Key Words: Chronic hepatitis C; Combination therapy; Serum ferritin; Sustained viral response

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