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The Global Assessment Function comparison in bipolar patients at Mania episode and mixed episode and analysing the relationship between the anxiety and depression rate of these two groups of patients

Parisa Divsalar, MD¹, Faeze Shafiei Darbasiabi, MSc², Amir Nasehzadeh, MSc³, Kouros Divsalar, MSc⁴, Elham Dehyadegary, Ph.D. ⁵

1.Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Pasteur hospital, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.

2.Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

3.Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

4.Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

5.Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

Corresponding Author: Kouros Divsalar, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

Address: Postal Code: 7619813159, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, EbneSina Street, Jahad Blvd. Tel: 0341-2264180, Fax: 0341-2264198, Email: Kouros_Divsalar@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: To compare two samples of Bipolar patients presenting in mixed and manic episodes to assess their difference in terms of anxiety, depression and functioning. The sample included 94 patients who were admitted to the Shahid Beheshti mental hospital of Kerman Iran during autumn, winter (2007) and spring (2008) and were firmly diagnosed suffering from bipolar disorder type-I based on DSM-IV framework. Then they were grouped under the two category of manic episode (48 Patients) and mixed episode (46 Patients).All patients were evaluated by the Hamilton’s Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) and the Hamilton’s Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). The patients’ functionality was rated during their illness and for the period of 6 months prior to their admittance using “Global Assessment of Functioning” (GAF) scoring system. The average of both Hamilton’s Depression and Anxiety rates in bipolar mixed patients were significantly higher than manic patients. The patient’s functionality rate at the time of admission was reduced noticeably for both groups but the functionality between both groups while they were admitted to the hospital did not show a significant difference. Mixed patients may suffer from anxiety and depression more than manic ones, but both of these groups have impaired functionality.

[Parisa Divsalar, Faeze Shafiei Darbasiabi, Amir Nasehzadeh, Kouros Divsalar, Elham Dehyadegary. The Global Assessment Function comparison in bipolar patients at Mania episode and mixed episode and analysing the relationship between the anxiety and depression rate of these two groups of patients. Life Sci J 2013;(12s):1-7]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 1

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.01

Keywords: GAF, Bipolar disorder, Mania, Mixed, Depression, Anxiety

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Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity of Dorema aucheri by Artemia urmiana: a Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Ali Mirzaei ^1, Nooshin Mirzaei¹, Mehdi Ghavamizadeh^2*

¹Medicinal Plant Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical sciences, Yasuj, Iran.

²*Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.

^*Corresponding author: mehdighavamiz@gmail.com

Abstract: This study was designed for determination of phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic potential by Artemia urmiana system. Dorema aucheri is a wild vegetable and medicinal plant was collected in Yasuj, Iran and the samples were air dried for extraction. Material and methods: The cysts of A. urmiana were obtained from the Artemia Research Center (Urmia, Iran) and hatched in the laboratory for prepared of A. urmina larve for study. Total phenolic, flavonoids levels and antioxidant activity were determined. Fresh larvae were exposed to different extracts and concentrations of D. aucheri for 24 hours and the numbers of live and dead larvae were estimated. LC ₅₀ of control and extracts were examined. The data were analyzed using the Finney’s probit analysis. Results: Hydro-alcoholic extract had the highest total phenol (72 mg Gallic acid/g extract) and flavonoids (12 mg Rutin/g extract) contents. The antioxidant activity measured by Dipheny-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (900 mmol trolox/g extract) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (350 mmol trolox/g extract)methods. Hydro-alcohol extract displayed potent brine shrimp lethality with LC₅₀ 76.50±0.60μg.ml^-1. Conclusion: Hydro alcohol extract was more lethal to larvae of A. urmiana compare to aqueous extract. So, Hydro alcohol extract could be a source of new compounds with biological activity.

[Ali Mirzaei, Nooshin Mirzaei, Mehdi Ghavamizadeh. Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity of Dorema aucheri by Artemia urmiana: a Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):8-12](ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.02

Key words: Artemia urmiana, Dorema auchri, Cytotoxicity, Antioxidant activity, Total phenol.

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KT/V and URR and the Adequacy of Hemodialysis in Iranian provincial hospitals : an evaluation study

Mahin Roozitalab1, Bijan Mohammadi¹, Shahla Najafi1, Sadrollah Mehrabi^2*, Mohammad Fararouei¹

¹Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

^2*Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

^*Corresponding Author: sadrollahm@yahoo.com

Abstract: There are several methods for measuring the adequacy of dialysis and disability in dialysis patients. Kt/V and the Urea Reduction Ratio (URR) are among the worldwide accepted measures. Due to a significant and direct association between the clinical status and mortality of patients and adequacy of hemodialysis services, evaluation of the services and relative factors are necessary. This study measured the adequacy of Hemodialysis in patients hospitalized at Hemodialysis wards of Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad province. Matherials and methods: In this evaluation study, after taking informed consent form 41 eligible patients admitted to hemodialysis units blood samples were taken and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were measured before and after Hemodialysis. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential (one way ANOVA test and t-test) statistical methods. Results: The minimum and maximum KT/V indices were 0.45 and 1.77 respectively. Regarding the standard KT/V level 17 patients (41.5 percent) received adequate dialysis services. The minimum and maximum URR were 28% and 75% respectively with an average of 50% ±0.69. Regarding the URR index, 20 patients (48.8 percent) received inadequate dialysis services. Conclusion: according to the dialysis adequacy indices (KT/V and URR) nearly half of patients admitted to these Hemodialysis wards received inadequate hemodialysis services that need more supervision and follow up of patients.

[Mahin Roozitalab, Bijan Mohammadi, Shahla Najafi, Sadrollah Mehrabi, Mohammad Fararouei. KT/V and URR and the Adequacy of Hemodialysis in Iranian provincial hospitals: an evaluation study. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s): 13-16](ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 3

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.03

Key words: Hemodialysis, Adequacy, Kt/V, URR

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Effects of hydrophilic extract of Allium Jesdianum on prevention and treatment of ethylene glycol induced renal stone in male wistar rats

Razieh Vahdani¹, Sadrollah Mehrabi^*2, Janmohammad Malekzadeh², Haibatallah Sadeghi², Ramin Jannesar², Farhad Mehrabi³

¹Medicinal plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.

²Student committee research center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.

³Student committee research center, Shiraz University of medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

*Corresponding author: sadrollahm@yahoo.com

Abstract: Allium Jesdianum is an endemic plant of Zagross Mountains. It is used for the treatment of renal stones by native resident. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of hydrophilic extract of Allium Jesdianum on ethylene glycol-induced renal stone in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this study 44 male Wistar rats were randomly divided in four groups and studied during 30 days. Two groups of negative and healthy control received usual water and 1% ethylene glycol in water respectively. Low dose and high dose preventive groups, in addition to 1% ethylene glycol, daily gavaged with 1g/kg and 2g/kg of extract respectively. All rats were hold in metabolic cages individually in days 0, 15 and 30 and 24-hour urine samples were collected and checked for volume, oxalate, citrate, calcium, phosphor and uric acid. In 30th day, after taking serum sample, they were killed and their kidneys were sent for pathological evaluation which was examined for presence and volume of calcium oxalate crystals. Results: Number of calcium oxalate crystals in negative control groups (18.7 ±26.1), preventive groups with low dose (5.3±8.2) and high dose (80.6±82.8) in comparison to healthy control group increased and this difference between preventive group with high dose and healthy control group was significant (p <.05). In 30th day urinary oxalate concentration in preventive and negative control groups were more than healthy control group that was statistically significant (p<0.05). Discussions: This study showed that hydrophilic extract of Allium Jesdianum has some efficacy for prevention of calcium oxalate stones in rat as an animal model, but its effect on urinary and serum parameters efficient in renal stones is not significant.

[Razieh Vahdani, Sadrollah Mehrabi, Janmohammad Malekzadeh, Haibatallah Sadeghi, Ramin Jannesar, Farhad Mehrabi. Effects of hydrophilic extract of Allium Jesdianum on prevention and treatment of ethylene glycol induced renal stone in male wistar rats. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):17-21]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.04

Key words: Allium Jesdianum, calcium oxalate, ethylene glycol, Nephrolithiasis, rat

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in HIV-Positive Patients in Sanandaj, Iran in the years 2007-2008

Homeira Ghobadi*¹, Ghobad Moradi¹, Fatemeh Mirhadi², Fardin Gharibi¹, Alireza Gharib¹

¹Deputy of Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

²Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

*Corresponding Author: homeira.ghobadi@gmail.com

Abstract: The importance of intestinal parasitic infections has increased with the HIV/AIDS pandemic. There are no more reports on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in HIV positive patients in Iran. A study of stool samples from 74 HIV-infected patients, who visited Behavioral Disease Consultation Clinic, Sanandaj, Iran, was performed to assess the prevalence of parasitic infections and CD4 cell count. The total prevalence of parasites was 25.7%. The following parasites were identified: Blastosystis hominis(6.8%), Entamoeba coli(6.8%), Giardia lambelia(1.4%), Cryptosporidium parvum(8%) Cyclospora cayetanensis(2.7%). Intestinal parasites such as Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis were significantly more frequent in the low immunity group with diarrhea. No association was observed between CD4 cell count and manifestation of any particular parasites.

[Homeira Ghobadi, Ghobad Moradi, Fatemeh Mirhadi, Fardin Gharibi, Alireza Gharib. Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in HIV-Positive Patients in Sanandaj-Kurdistan Province-west Iran in 2007-2008. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):22-24] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.05

Key words: Intestinal parasites, HIV positive patient, Iran.

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Relationship between Body Core Stabilization and Athletic Function in Football, Basketball and Swimming Athletes

Fatemeh Pouya (Msc)¹, Farahnaz Ghaffarinejad (Msc)²

1. Department of Anatomy, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran

2. Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran

Corresponding Author: Fatemeh Pouya, Department of Anatomy, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran.

Address: Kerman University of Medical Science, 22 Bahman Blvd. Tel: 0341- 3221660-3, Fax: 0341- 3224615, Email: Fatemeh-Pouya@Yahoo.Com

Abstract: Core stability is an ability to control movement and position of trunk on pelvic that permits distal segments to control and transfer force and motions during sport activities. Muscle contraction can improve this stability. Improving core stability can also cause improvement in athletic functions, prevention of injury, increasing power, improve stability and balance. This study determines the relationship between core stability and athletic functions in football, basketball and swimming athletes. This study had easy sample and participants were men between 20-30 years old; consist of 3 groups, 20 persons in each one, professional athletes of football, basketball and swimming. Participants which had inclusion criteria examined in two continues days.in the first day core stability tests such as anterior, posterior and lateral (right, left) abdominal muscles endurance test, and in the second day functional tests including vertical jump, 40 yard running, medicine ball throw and star excursion balance test were done. Statistical techniques were ANOVA and Pearson Correlation. According to findings it was showed that core stability means in football, basketball and swimming athletes had not significant differences with each other. In assessment of relationship between core stability tests with functional tests (vertical jump, medicine ball throw and star test) small positive relationship was seen, but between core stability and 40 yard running, no significant relationship was found. Although we found small relationship between core stability test and functional tests (except running) but correlation was small one. So we can’t conclude about this relationship and we need to do some more researches.

[Fatemeh Pouya (Msc), Farahnaz Ghaffarinejad (Msc). Relationship between Body Core Stabilization and Athletic Function in Football, Basketball and Swimming Athletes. Life Sci J 2013;]. (12s):25-30]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 6

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.06

Key Words: Core Stability, Athletes, Functional Test

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Effects of Music on Pain, Anxiety and Vital Signs of Children during Colonoscopy

Mohammad Ali Kiani¹, Mehri Nagaphi², Seyed Ali Jafari1, Majid Ghayour Mobarhan³, Shabnam Mohammadi⁴, Masumeh Saeidi¹, Ebrahim Kiani⁵, Gordon AA Ferns⁶

^1. Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

^2. Department of Gastroenterology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

^3. Biochemistry and Nutritional Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

^4. Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran

^5. Department of Pediatric, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

^6. Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Keele Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK

jafaria@mums.ac.ir

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of music on pain, anxiety and vital signs in children undergoing colonoscopy. This was a randomized clinical study. It was carried out on 100 children (7 to 14 years old) requiring colonoscopy. Children were randomly allocated to a control or music group. The music group was played relaxing music (by Clayderman) during the procedure. Spiegelberger and pain questionaires were administered immediately after the colonoscopy. Pulse rate, blood pressure and percent blood oxygen saturation were recorded for each subject. The control group was treated in an identical manner, but was not played music during the procedure. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Satisfaction, anxiety, pain, and blood pressure were significantly different between the groups (P <0.05), but oxygen saturation and heart rate did not differ significantly (P> 0.05). Music can reduce anxiety and pain during colonoscopy.

[Kiani MA, Nagaphi M, Jafari SA, Ghayour MM, Mohammadi S, Saeidi M, Kiani E, Ferns AAG. Effects of Music on Pain, Anxiety and Vital Signs of Children during Colonoscopy. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):31-33] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 7

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.07

Keywords: Anxiety; Music; Vital signs; Colonoscopy

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Politics in the Organizational Life: A Study of the Public Sector of Pakistan

Adnan Riaz ¹ and Dr. Aisha Akbar ²

^1. PhD Scholar, Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University Islamabad, Pakistan.

^2. Professor, Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University Islamabad, Pakistan.

adnanriaz.aiou@gmail.com

Abstract: Political behavior is a common aspect of organizational life. Literature shows organizational politics as an aversive phenomenon therefore, various efforts have been made in different settings to know the causes and consequences of politics. This study attempts to explore the reactions of organizational politics prescribed by Hirschman’s theory of organizational decline (1970) from public sector employees of Pakistan. Through questionnaire survey, 109 responses were collected randomly. Results showed perception of politics as a significant predictor towards exit, voice, loyalty and neglect behavior. However, loyalty emerged as a key outcome of prevailing politics in the organization. Discussions and managerial implications are discussed based on the results.

[Adnan Riaz and Dr. Aisha Akbar. Politics in the Organizational Life: A Study of the Public Sector of Pakistan. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):34-38]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 8

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.08

Keywords: Perception of Politics, Exit, Voice, Loyalty and Neglect, Pakistan

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Reform in Insurance Payment in Iran

Nader Hassan Nezhad, Abdullayeva Rasmiyya Sabir Qizi

Institute of Economy, National Academy of Sciences in Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan

naderhasannezhad@gmail.com

Abstract: Today, the way of supplying treatment service expenditures, though is considered as a serious challenge for governments of most of the world countries, is one of the main problems of most low or average-income families. In this research, determining the extent of direct and out of pocket payments of diabetic patients for receiving treatment and comparison of treatment expenditures of diabetes in all kinds of insurance have been considered. This research design is causal-comparative. Information needed in this research is collected by researcher - made questionnaire, content validity of which is confirmed by professions. Data analysis has been done by the statistical model of one way analysis of variance, follow-up test of Dancan and t-test. Among people with three kinds of insurances of Treatment Services, Social Support, and other insurances regarding general expense, native & non- native patient expenditures, direct and indirect ones, emergency and normal patients expenditures, the ratio of out of pocket payment and direct expense, there is significant difference. Also, there has been seen significant difference (p<0.01،F=19.37) in out of pocket payment ratio from direct expenditures and general ones (F=25.36, p<0.01) in three kinds of insurances being studied, such that out of pocket payment who is under the insurance of treatment services 59.55%, social supply 50.34% and other insurances 32%. Though improvements in the country’s health and treatment indices, the health system has been faced with serious challenge in the way of supplying treatment care service expenditures and the insurance system has low efficacy in protecting families against health expenditures. Therefore it seems that attempts to integrate insurances and maximize service insurance coverage and their promise limits could be proper method in decreasing the ratio of out of pocket payment and protecting families against confronting with excess health expenditures and poorness resulted from that.

[Hassan Nezhad N, Rasmiyya Sabir Qizi A. Reform in Insurance Payment in Iran. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):39-46] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 9

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.09

Keywords: Insurance; payment; Iran

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The role of business insurance in the conditions of the forced industrial and innovative development

Dossalyanov Damir¹, Olzhabayeva Raushan¹, Sadvakassova Aigul²

¹PhD candidate, Kazakh Economic University named after T. Ryskulov, Kazakhstan

²Doctor of Economic Science, Professor, High School of Business "EurAsia", President, Kazakhstan

kairat_phd@mail

Abstract: In article value of insurance for the companies in the conditions of the forced industrial and innovative development is considered. The analysis of a current state of insurance branch of the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out. Recommendations about improvement of relationship of insurance companies with corporate clients are made.

[Dossalyanov D., Olzhabayeva R., Sadvakassova A. The role of business insurance in the conditions of the forced industrial and innovative development. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):47-51] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.10

Keywords: insurance of business, innovation, corporate insurance.

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On dual elastic lines in dual Lorentzian space

Nevin Gürbüz

Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences Türkiye

ngurbuz@ogu.edu.tr

Abstract: In this paper, we derive intrinsic formulation for dual elastic line on the non-null dual unit sphere.

[Nevin Gürbüz. On dual elastic lines in dual Lorentzian space . Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):52-57]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 11

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.11

Keywords: Dual Lorentzian space, elastic line

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A Study on Method of Measuring Value of Human resource in Banks

Arash Tofangsaz¹ (Corresponding Author), Hamidreza Vakilifard², Ghodratollah Talebnia³, Marzieh Ghobadi Pour⁴

^1. Master of Arts in Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Centre of Saveh (Corresponding Author)

^2. Ph.D. in Accounting, Board Member of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Centre of Tehran

^3. Ph.D. in Accounting, Board Member of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Centre of Tehran

^4.Ph.D Student in Educational Technology, The University of Mysore, India.

arashtofangsaz@yahoo.com

Abstract: With respect to the intensification of competition among companies, realization of importance of human resource by them as a strategic factor of organizations and need of management for information for decision-making, the issue of measuring value of human resource has gained attentions for many years. Human resource of an institute is a competitive edge of the present time and evaluation of these resources is of paramount importance in decision-making of institutes. As far as monetary criterion is concerned, the tool to measure human resource is human resource accounting. Attempt to measure activities related to creation of human capital will require the application of relevant and reliable tools. By employing human resource accounting, it would be possible to evaluate the investments proposed for human resource based on costing methods. Using historical cost models or human resource replacement model, it would be possible to measure and disclose us in accounting and management reports and basic financial statements. The present paper aims to present comprehensive information - including definition, history, importance, evaluation methods, and its special position - on human resource accounting (HRA), as one of the modern approaches in accounting. Meanwhile, by introducing human resource valuation models, we study possibility of measuring value of people working in banks, as an economic institution where human resource plays a crucial role and where information of HRA is used for decision-making of management, investment, etc.

[Arash Tofangsaz, Hamidreza Vakilifard, Ghodratollah Talebnia, Marzieh Ghobadi Pour. A Study on Method of Measuring Value of Human resource in Banks. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):58-68]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 12

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.12

Keywords: human resource accounting (HRA), human resource valuation, valuation models, human assets

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An Investigation into Methods of Human Resource Valuation in the Iranian Private Banks (The Case Study of Shahr Bank)

Arash Tofangsaz¹ (Corresponding Author), Hamidreza Vakilifard², Ghodratollah Talebnia³, Marzieh Ghobadi Pour⁴

^1. Master of Arts in Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Centre of Saveh (Corresponding Author)

^2. Ph.D. in Accounting, Board Member of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Centre of Tehran

^3. Ph.D. in Accounting, Board Member of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Centre of Tehran

^4. Ph.D Student in Educational Technology, The University of Mysore, India.

arashtofangsaz@yahoo.com

Abstract: In present era the main approach of enterprises and organizations is always changing, the key focus for survival and profitability is based on the knowledge and information. Human resources are the core of this evolution; therefore, the potential success of organizations depends mainly on some mental capabilities that are beyond the realm of physical assets. Due to the expansion of enterprises’ competition, the importance of human resources as a strategic factor, and managers’ information need, valuating human resources has attracted lots of attention. Thus, assessing such resources is important in organizations’ decision-making. This study investigates possibility of valuating human resources of banks, as economic enterprises in which human resources play critical role, and in particularly investigates the Shahr Bank of Iran. It aims to measure the value of human resources through Historical Cost Method and Economic Value Method and quantifying this value. This study is a semi-empirical; its methodology is descriptive and also considers an applied research. Therefore, it could be categorized as post-event. It is conducted using actual data pertaining to Shahr Bank and library method for collecting data. Statistical population of the study includes all line and staff workers of Shahr Bank in 2011, which were 1435 individuals. Measurement methods have been abovementioned ones as well as data analysis using EViews7 software to test mean equivalence. T-test and OLS regression models are used to test hypotheses. The results obtained in this study indicate that using abovementioned models is possible to measure the value of human resources. Hence, it is possible to quantify the value of the services provided by human resources into monetary indices and to identify human resource as an asset. The results of the analysis demonstrate that using Historical Cost Method is more reliable than Economic Value Method as it better matches with the actual costs.

[Arash Tofangsaz, Hamidreza Vakilifard, Ghodratollah Talebnia, Marzieh Ghobadi Pour. An Investigation into Methods of Human Resource Valuation in the Iranian Private Banks (The Case Study of Shahr Bank). Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):69-79]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 13

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.13

Keywords: Human Resource Accounting, Human Resource Valuation, Human Assets, Historical Cost Method, Economic Value Method

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Prediction of Driving Behaviors Base on Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) Modelin Truck Drivers

Teamur Aghamolaei¹, Amin Ghanbarnejad², abdolhamidtajvar³, Ali Asadiyan⁴, Masoud Ashoogh^4*

1. Associate Professor of Health Education, Department of Public Health, Health School, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

2. Instructor of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Health School, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

3. Instructor of Occupational Health, Department of Occupational Health, Health School, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

4. M.Sc. student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar, Iran Abbas.

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Traffic injury is one of the main causes of mortality and disability in the world. Base on the World Health Organization (WHO) report, annually almost 500 thousands of people killed and 50 million persons injured because of the traffic injuries. Purpose of this study was prediction of driving behaviors based on theory planned behavior (TPB) in Bandar Abbas truck Cargo terminals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our research was a cross-sectional study that conducted on 240 truck drivers, in Bandar Abbas city truck Cargo terminals, at June 2013. The instrument used for gathering data wasa questionnaire that included demographic characteristic and TPB constructs. For prediction driving safety behavior were used multiple regression analyses with significance level at 0.05. RESULTS: The mean (±SD) age of drivers and their driving history were38.3(±9.8) and 13.8 (±9) years, respectively. Multiple regression analyses show that attitude and perception of drivers can be predictedtheir intention for safety driving behavior. Drivers who had more positive attitude and perception more likely had been intention and perception for safety driving behaviors. CONCLUSION: This study conducted on truck driver in Bandar Abbas of Iran and their findings suggested that are needed appropriate and designated interventional programs for improvement of attitude and perception of Iranian truck drivers.

[Teamur Aghamolaei, Amin Ghanbarnejad, abdolhamidtajvar, Ali Asadiyan, Masoud Ashoogh. Prediction of Driving Behaviors Base on Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) Model in Truck Drivers. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):80-84]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 14

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.14

Key words:Theory, Planned Behavior, Driving, Injury, Traffic

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Investigation of the epidemiology of hypertension and BMI in the adult population in the province of Hormozgan, during 2011

Sakineh Dadipoor¹,Sakineh Fallahi², Ali Safari Moradabadi³, Amin Ghanbarnejad⁴,Hossein Montazerghaem ⁵*

^1.Master Student Health Education, Research Center for Reproductive Persian Gulf, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^2.M.Sc in Nursing, Research Center for Reproductive Health & Infertility, Department of Research and Technology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^3.Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar-e-Abbas, Iran Master Student Health Education, Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^4.MS in Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^5.Assisstant professor of Cardiovascular surgery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

hghaem@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This disease, if left untreated Creatied complications in vital organs such as the kidneys, brain, eyes, heart and is a contextly risk factor for coronary artery disease and Cause of disability, death and impose a huge cost to society. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of hypertension and BMI in the adult population in the province of hormozgan. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. 1531 the number of adults in a random sample from different parts of the province were studied. Data collection of pre-set questions, a mercury manometer and the digital scale, Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. Hypertension According to the latest JNC-VII guidelines patients was applied to systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. And also to Data describe were used the frequency and percentage. Results: The findings showed that the prevalence of hypertension increases with age and BMI. In this study, 58.1% of the subjects had a BMI ≥ 25 and BMI was significant difference between men and women. BMI ≥ 25 were in women (34.94) and male (23.18%). Conclusion: This study showed that affected several factors such as BMI, age, sex, diabetes and hyperlipidemia in suffering hypertension.

[Sakineh Dadipoor,Sakineh Fallahi, Ali Safari Moradabadi, Amin Ghanbarnejad, Hossein Montazerghaem. Investigation of the epidemiology of hypertension and BMI in the adult population in the province of Hormozgan, during 2011. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):85-90]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 15

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.15

Keyword: Hormozgan, BMI, Hypertension, adult population

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Prevalence of legal abortions and correlated causes in a central women’s hospital in south of Iran (2009-2012)

Sakineh Dadipoor ¹, Ali Safari Moradabadi¹, Fatemeh Esmaeelion², Tasnim Eghbal Eftekhaari³, Azin Alavi^2, Sakineh Fallahi ^*4, Zahra Zangnh⁵

^1.Master student in Health education, Student Research Commmittee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^2.Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shariati hospital, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of medical sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran

^3.phD Student of Molecular Medicine Research, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^4.Master 0f nursing, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of medical sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran.

^5.B.SC student in radiology, Student Research Commmittee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Fallahi.Sakineh@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Abortion is termination of pregnancy by any means so that the fetus lacks the ability to live outside the uterus. The aim of this descriptive study was to assess the causes of legal abortion in pregnant women referred to a central women’s hospital in south of Iran. Methods: In this descriptive retrospective study, all the records of therapeutic abortions from 2009 till 2012 which were approved by forensic specialist were included. A total of 176 records were included and the extracted data were analysed by SPSS software. Results: Most cases were in 2010 (35.2%), and the fewest cases were in 2009 (13.1%). The mean age of the women was (6.1±26.6). In most cases (87.5%) the legal abortions had fetal causes and 12.5% had maternal causes. The most prevalent fetal cause of abortion was due to thalassemia (41.5%), and anencephaly (18.2%), while the most prevalent maternal causes of abortion were cardiovascular diseases (6.3%). Conclusion: Present study shows fetal abnormalities are increasing, and it seems that educating people and increasing their awareness about fetal anomalies and also contraception in women with cardiovascular diseases could be an effective way to decrease the rate of abortion.

[Sakineh Dadipoor,Ali Safari Moradabadi¹,Fatemeh Esmaeelion, Tasnim Eghbal Eftekhaari, Azin Alavi^, Sakineh Fallahi, Zahra Zangnh. Prevalence of legal abortions and correlated causes in a central women’s hospital in south of Iran (2009-2012). Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):91-94]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 16

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.16

Key Words: abortion, legal abortion, Iran

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Investigating Outcomes of Performing Cardio - Pulmonary Resuscitation in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Occasions from April 2008 to March 2009

Hamid Reza Miri1, Ahmad Haghiri Dehbarez1*, Seied Ali reza hoseinie kolibi1, hamid nasiri1, Ehsan Movahed2

1.Trauma & emergency medicine research center, Hormozgan University of medical sciences, Bandar-e-Abbas, Iran.
2.Master of Health Education, Jiroft University of medical sciences, Manojan, Iran.

Abstract: One of the most stressful Emergency Medical Services (EMS) missions is facing with patients or injured people who are afflicted with pulmonary or cardiac arrest and if they don’t receive appropriate cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), these patients within a few minutes from the brain dead, enter to a stage which is called clinical death. Statistics show that of all people who suffer from cardiac arrest outside of the hospital, only 25% of them go under cardio pulmonary resuscitation and naturally those areas, which have strong emergency systems had reported a significantly higher survival rate in comparison with other regions. Hence by taking the importance of this issue into account, a research aiming to determine the ultimate success of CPR during Emergency Medical Services in Bandar abbas was done.Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study 96 patients who were gone under CPR by Emergency services in Bandar abass from April 2008 to December 2009 were studied. Data including age, sex, hospital arrival time, the first rhythm checked by the medical emergency personnel, tubing, the need to recover different types of trauma, and the final state of CPR recovered which in all cases were extracted based on pre-hospital care report( 115 emergency) form.Results: 78.1% of the subjects were male and the rest were females. The average age of these people was 44.976/23±. Of all cases who went under CPR about 80.2% of cases were inner-city missions and the rest were suburban emergency missions. In this study the main complaints of the patients who experienced CPR include 10.4% dyspnea, 10.4% decrease in the level of consciousness, 51% respiratory cardiac arrest, 15.6% Accident, 4.1% drug intoxication, 2.1% Falling from a height, 3.1%, electric shock, and 1 % includes fall, was a stab and bite. 21.9% of patients were under cardiac monitoring or ECG and for 13.5% of patients electric shock was applied. Discussion: In this study, of all the total CPR patients about 13.3% of these patients with spontaneous return of vital signs, and 29.2 % Without return of vital signs were delivered to hospitals in Bandar Abbas and 39.6% of patients had died on the way before reaching the hospital. of all those people who were sent to hospital with the vital signs 5.2% were discharged from hospital with the minimal injury and brain injury. There weren’t significant relationships between a successful CPR during EMS conditions and variables such as age, use of electric shocks, ambulance arrival time to the patient, the qualification and degrees of personnel and quality of cardiac monitoring (0.05 ≤ p). A significant relationship was found between successful resuscitation during EMS and the main complaints (P ≤ 0/05). Conclusions: In this study, in general it can be concluded that patients who experienced CPR had poor prognosis. Hence it is appropriate to focus on raising knowledge and skills regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation through various programs and we notice an increase in the rate success in the performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
[Hamid Reza Miri, Ahmad Haghiri Dehbarez, Seied Ali reza hoseinie kolibi, hamid nasiri, Ehsan Movahed. Investigating Outcomes of Performing Cardio - Pulmonary Resuscitation in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Occasions from April 2008 to March 2009. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):95-102]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.17

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Genetic Variability Studies Of Some Quantitative Traits In Advancemutant Lines Of Winter Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L.)

¹Bashir Ahmad, ¹Sher Muhammad, ^2*Javid Ali, ³Iftikhar Ali

¹Centre of Biotechnology & Microbiology, University of Peshawar, KPK-Pakistan

²PCSIR Laboratories Complex Peshawar, KPK-Pakistan

³Nuclear Institute for Food & Agriculture Peshawar, KPK-Pakistan

Javedali_14@yahoo.com, phone# +92-091-9216244, Fax+92-091-9216232

ABSTRACT: Information about the genetic variability and the extent and type of relationship of some quantitative characters in rapeseed is important for an efficient breeding program. Thirty five advance brassica mutant lines and one check were evaluated for genetic variability between days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), 1000 seed weight (g), seed yield (kg ha^-1) and oil yield (kg ha^-1) during 2008-09. The mutant lines and the check were sown in four replications using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The research experiment was conducted during 2008-09 at Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Peshawar. High genetic variability were recorded for oil yield, seed yield and number of days to flowering which demonstrated the effect of environment for the inheritance of these characters. Heritability and genetic advance were recorded high for oil yield and seed yield showing the existence of additive gene action for the expression of these traits. In order to increase oil yield selection based on seed yield would be more effective. More over all the traits showed sufficient variability in the tested mutant lines however, the mutant lines OA5, G1 and O6 were superior having high seed yield, oil yield and 1000 seed weight and also early in flowering.

[Bashir Ahmad, Sher Muhammad, Javid Ali, Iftikhar Ali. Genetic Variability Studies Of Some Quantitative Traits In Advancemutant Lines Of Winter Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L). Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):103-108]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 18

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.18

Key words: Brassica napus L., phenotypic variance, genotypic variance, seed yield, oil yield, plant height.

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The Relation of Nurses’ Workload and Working environment conditions with Safety of Patients Hospitalized in Wards of Tohid and Be’sat Medical Centers of Sanandaj in 2013

Nasrin Aliramaei^1*, Azam Naderi², Kian Zobeiry³, Fardin Gharibi⁴, Fariba Farhadifar⁵

¹*Lecturer- Nursing and Midwifery Faculty- MSc(Member of Scientific Board of Faculty Nursing and Midwifery) Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran.

²MSc (Member of Scientific Board of Faculty Nursing and Midwifery) KurdistanUniversity of Medical Science. Sanandaj, Iran.

³Medical Student.Iran University of. Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

⁴MsPH Health Management. Deputy of Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.

⁵Associate Professor of Department of OB & GYN, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (SDHR-MUK), Sanandaj, Iran

*Corresponding Author: n_aliramaei@yahoo.com.

Abstract: Security and safety are an important part of nursery care and they bring about responsibility for everyone involved with the task of health care. Different studies have showed that most mistakes about patients have been made by nurses, which is mainly due to heavy workloads, fatigue, occupational stress, insufficient number of nurses relative to number of patients, shortage of time due to number of assigned patients to them, and so on. Therefore, pinpointing consequences of nurses’ heavy workloads and working environment conditions and their effect on safety of patients hospitalized in different wards is critically important. Method: The study is a descriptive-analytical research. The subjects consisted of 200 nurses working in the wards of Tohid and Be’sat Medical Centers. A simple random method was employed to select the sample. They were required to fill in a questionnaire. Then, after the questionnaire was coded, the collected data were fed into SPSS 18.0 software and descriptive statistics (frequency distribution, mean, variance, standard deviation) and one-side variance analysis test were utilized to analyze them. Results: The results of the study showed that 85%of the patients were female and 72% were married. Regarding their age, 49% aged 21-30, 30% aged 31-40, and 21% were over 41 years old. Regarding their work experience, 53.5% had been working for less than 6 years, 20% had worked for 7 years, and 17.5% had been serving for 13 years or more. Sufficiency of number of nurses in each shift was 59%. Regarding team coordination between the manager and the nurses, appropriate communication was 14.1%. And suitable facilities in workplace and training section were 27.5%. Regarding prescription delivery and care, there was the highest mistake frequency of 67.5% and 56.5%, respectively. Generally, only 14.5% of the nurses stated that they had not made mistakes in their services and 58% of them had made at least four mistakes. There was no significant difference between mean of mistakes in different workloads and number of mistakes made by nursery personnel with working environment conditions. Discussion: Researchers believe that nurses’ workload is the result of nursery standards, the nurses’ experience and specialty, the institution’s policies and procedures, available equipment, and other individuals’ healthcare activities. Regarding prescription delivery and healthcare, there was respectively 67.5% and 56.5% mistake frequencies. And only 14.5% of the nurses had made no mistakes in conducting nursery service. In Harding and Patrick’s study, medicine mistakes were related to lack of experience in prescription delivery 42% and heavy workloads and lack of attention 27%. In Nikpeyma’s study, 53% of the participants were reported to make at least one medicine mistake. Absorni reported that nurses refused to report their medicine mistakes due to shame, feeling of guilty, and fear of being punished and fired. In our study, there was no significant relation between number of mistakes and workloads. Moreover, the correlation between mean number of nurses’ mistakes and working environment conditions was insignificant at P=0/7. The patients’ health is necessary in improving nursery care quality, and all nurses are fully responsible for maintaining the patients’ safety in all aspects of healthcare including informing them and their co-workers about probable dangers and the way of tackling them, protecting the patients’ safety, and reporting irrelevant events to an authority.

[Nsrin Aliramaei, Azam Naderi, Kian Zobeiry, Fardin Gharibi, Fariba Farhadifar. The Relation of Nurses’ Workload and Working environment conditions with Safety of Patients Hospitalized in Wards of Tohid and Be’sat Medical Centers of Sanandaj in 2013. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):109-116].(ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 19

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.19

Keywords: workload; working environment conditions; nurses; patients’ safety

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Molecular epidemiology of the Staphylococcus aureus by Rep-PCR method in Sanandaj hospitals

Rashid Ramazanzadeh¹, HanarNarenji*²

¹Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

²*Students' Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

*Corresponding Author: hanar.narenji89@gmail.com

Abstract: Staphylococcus aureusis a major pathogen within hospital and community. The aim of this study was genetic relationship determination in isolates bacteria and dynamic transmission in hospital. Eighty eight S. aureusstrains isolated from different clinical samples and were characterized by Repetitive extragenic palindromic (Rep–PCR) technique. The received results and the similarity between the strains were determined on the basis of the Jaccard similarity coefficient in the SAHN program of the NTSYS-pc software. The Rep–PCR profile allowed the typing of the 88 isolates into 7 main clusters. In conclusion, our results showed more diversity in S.aureus isolates that indicates the low rate of hospital infection in Sanandaj hospitals and the results of the share pattern of especially among ICU, Pediateric and Internal wardsindicate the exist of nosocomial infections in these wards, According to the study that we carried out the greatest resistance was observed to erythromycinAnd for all drives vancomycin-resistant, MIC of vancomycin using E-test strips were placed by all who are sensitive, so that the Disc Diffusions are not reliable at all.

[Rashid Ramazanzadeh, Hanar Narenji. Molecular epidemiology of the Staphylococcus aureus by Rep-PCR method in Sanandaj hospitals. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):117-121]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 20

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.20

Keywords: S. aureus, genetic diversity, Rep -PCR fingerprinting, MIC, E-test

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Surveillance of Adverse Drug Reaction in Hospitalized Children, A Cross Sectional Study from Qom Province, Iran

Mohsen Akhavan Sepahi¹, Zahra Movahedi², Hosein Heydari², Mahyar Shirkhodai^3, Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi^2*

¹Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran

²Department of Pediatric infectious disease, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran

³Department of medicine, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran

*Corresponding Author: shokrollahi.mohammadreza@yahoo.com

Abstract: Prevalence of drug reactions in childhood is rising. This study was performed in hospitalized children. The main goal of this study was determination of drug reactions prevalence in childhood, evaluation of drug type, identify risk factors associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and also onset time of reaction. Materials and methods: This study was performed as descriptive cross-sectional survey among 180 children hospitalized children in Qom Children Hospital from January 2005 to October 2010. The data were extracted from medical files. Results: The prevalence of adverse reaction to penicillin, cephalosporin, other antibiotics, corticosteroids, metoclopramide, anticonvulsants were16.7%, 11.1%, 16.1%, 1.1%, 21.7%, 10.6% respectively. 6.1% of them had unknown origin, and prevalence of adverse reaction against other drugs was 16.7%. Type of drug reaction was related with age and reaction time (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Overall, according to the results in comparison to other studies, it may be concluded that drug reactions are common among childhood and there is a need for planning to reduction of its frequency. For diminishing the risk of ADRs in children, close communication between clinicians and pharmacologist and knowledge about higher ADR risks in some drug groups is needed.

[Mohsen Akhavan Sepahi, Zahra Movahedi, Hosein Heydari, Mahyar Shirkhodai^, Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi, Surveillance of Adverse Drug Reaction in Hospitalized Children, A Cross Sectional Study from Qom Province, Iran. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s): 122-125]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 21

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.21

Keywords: Drug, Adverse effects, Children

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Identification and Ranking of Effective Factors on Customers Brand Selection (Shahrvand Chain Stores)

Seyed Yahya Alavidehkordi

PhD of Business Administration Marketing, Florida International University, Florida

yahyaalavi@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper is regarded as an applied research in terms of objective and a descriptive survey research in terms of data collection. To collect data, a questionnaire with closed questions rated by 5-item Likert scale from very high to very low, was applied. Data has been analyzed by using SPSS software. Place territory of this paper is all Shahrvand chain stores in Tehran. Time territory is the end of the fiscal year 2012. The statistical universe comprises all customers of Shahrvand stores in the last week of 12^th month of fiscal year 2012 nearly estimated as 86.000 persons. Through using Morgan table, sample number was estimated 384. To increase accuracy of the gathered data and validity of the findings, the researcher-made test contains 24 closed-ended questions whose formal and content validity have been approved by experts. The test reliability was obtained 0.91 by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To gain the results of sample appropriateness tests (Bartlett Test), Pearson correlation coefficient, factor analysis based on VPLS software, and Friedman ranking test have been applied. The main result of this paper indicates that there is a direct significant relation between customer brand selection and independent variables including brand equity brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty. Also these variables are ranked as brand equity, brand loyalty, brand awareness, brand association, and perceived quality.

[Seyed Yahya Alavidehkordi. Identification and Ranking of Effective Factors on Customers Brand Selection (Shahrvand Chain Stores). Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):126-130]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 22

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.22

Keywords: Product brand, brand selection, brand loyalty, brand awareness

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Formation of future teachers' professional skills during the period of pedagogical practice

¹Zhadyra Kerimbajevna Ermekova, ²Nina Mikhailovna Stukalenko, ²Zhanija Serikbajevna Tasbulatova

²Assel Kairatovna Kalymova, ²Gulmira Kakimovna Kainikenova and ²Dana Utebajevna Kulmаkhanova

¹L.Gumilev Eurasion National University, Munaitpasova Street, 5, 010008, Astana, Kazakhstan

²Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University, Abaya Street, 76, 020000, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The authors of this article presented the result of the conducted research on formation of future teacher’s professional skills during pedagogical practice. During the research work we studied the problem condition of formation of future teacher’s professional skills during pedagogical practice, scientifically proved and experimentally checked conditions of effective realization of studied process, worked out and tested the special elective course for students of pedagogical specialties.

[Ermekova Zh. K., Stukalenko N.M., Tasbulatova Zh.S., Kalymova A.K., Kainikenova G.K., Kulmаkhanova D.U. Formation of future teachers' professional skills during the period of pedagogical practice. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):131-133] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 23

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.23

Keywords: professional training of the teacher, pedagogical practice, preparedness of the teacher for pedagogical activity.

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Studying the Machines for Road Maintenance

Mikhail Vasilievich Doudkin, Sergey Nikolaevich Fadeyev and Sergey Yurievich Pichugin

D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Protozanova st., 69, 070004, Kazakhstan

london_690@mail.ru

Abstract: Removing ice and snow from highways and walkways in the Northern Hemisphere is a major budget item for States, Provinces and municipalities during winter months. Many countries in the world experience winter weather of sufficient severity to create hazardous situations. Freezing rains and compacted snow often accumulate on roads and sidewalks creating dangerous and sometimes even fatal conditions for automobile and pedestrian traffic. Just look at the record of emergency units for statistics of broken legs and arms during winter period. Now the machines with the working element like a blade and hand impact tools are used for chipping snow-ice formations from the road and sidewalk surfaces. And the machines can easily damage the road surface with the blade, besides, they are large-dimensioned. Hand impact tools demand the direct human physical force and low are not effective because of poor efficiency. The design of this machine will allow to prevent dangerous situations on the roads during icing and not damage the road surface.

[Doudkin M.V., Fadeyev S.N., Pichugin S.Y. Studying the Machines for Road Maintenance. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):134-138] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 24

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.24

Keywords: ice, road, chipping, hammers, working element.

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About Preparation of Future Teachers for Application of Innovative Study Technologies

¹Nina Mikhailovna Stukalenko, ¹Olga Alexandrovna Anishchenko, ¹Gulnar Bajanovna Turtkarajeva, ¹Aisulu Alkeshevna Shajakhmetova and ²Zhadyra Kerimbajevna Ermekova

¹Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University, Abaya Street, 76, 020000, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan

²L.Gumilev Eurasion National University, Munaitpasova Street, 5, 010008, Astana, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The authors of this article presented the result of the conducted research on the training of future teachers to use of innovative technologies in school process. During the research work were summarized the concept of "innovative pedagogical technology", studied theoretical and practical aspects of training future teachers to the use of innovative pedagogical technologies, worked out the model of preparedness of teachers to innovative pedagogical activities, worked out and tested elective course "Foundations of Modern Pedagogical Technologies" for students in pedagogical specialties.

[Stukalenko N.M., Anishchenko O.A., Turtkarajeva G.B., Shajakhmetova A.A., Ermekova Zh.K. About Preparation of Future Teachers for Application of Innovative Study Technologies. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):139-141] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 25

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.25

Keywords: pedagogical education, pedagogical innovations, study technologies.

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The New Control Method of the Research Robust Stability for Linear System

Mamyrbek Aukebaevich Beisenbi, Janar Jarasovna Yermekbayeva and Arman Mamyrbekuly Beisenbin

L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Mirzoyan Street, 2, 010008, Astana, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The stability of control systems where the controlled object possesses dynamics is highlighted in present. For a linear system affected by parametric uncertainty, this paper focuses on robust stability analysis of system with Lyapunov functions. We construct the Lyapunov function for linear system, and then apply geometric interpretation to discover the region of stability. This paper presents some theoretical fundamental results assisting in analyzing of the behavior of control systems, depending on parameter uncertainty. The obtained results are robust stability type since the robust stability is guaranteed under certain deviations from the current state.

[Beisenbi M.A., Yermekbayeva J.J., Beisenbin A.M. The New Control Method of the Research Robust Stability for Linear System. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):142-148] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 26

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.26

Keywords: Stability, Linear systems, Robust control, Control theory, Geometrical interpretation, Lyapunov function.

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Role of psychological disciplines in preparation of students of the pedagogical higher education institution for professional activity

A.J. Aplashova, K.G. Isinbayeva, N.A. Bisembayeva, G.S. Ayapbergenova

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Toraygyrov St. 113-30, 140006, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

SakenovDZh@ppi.kz

Abstract: In this article questions of preparation of students of pedagogical higher education institution to professional activity in the course of studying of psychological disciplines are considered. The model of formation of readiness of students of the pedagogical higher education institution to professional activity when studying psychological disciplines and pedagogical conditions of its effective realization in modern conditions of training of specialists in pedagogical higher education institution is described. Preparation of students of the pedagogical higher education institution for the professional activity in the course of studying of psychological disciplines assumes: possession of professional activity in the field of education, ability to project the professional development; to project and organize educational and educational process in the educational organization; it is rational to use psychological, pedagogical and information technologies.

[Aplashova A.J, Isinbayeva K.G., Bisembayeva N.A., Ayapbergenova G.S. Role of psychological disciplines in preparation of students of the pedagogical higher education institution for professional activity. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):149-153] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 27

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.27

Keywords: preparation of students, model of formation of a preparation of students of pedagogical higher education institution for professional activity when studying psychological disciplines.

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Vocational Training of Future Teacher in Higher Education Institution

A.Sh. Tleulesova, B.M. Zhaparova, A.H. Halelova, J.J. Sergazina and D. Zh. Sakenov

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, Toraygyrov St. 113-30, 140006, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

sakenov0613@mail.ru

Abstract: On the basis of the theoretical analysis of philosophical and psychological-pedagogical literature the content of concept of effective vocational training of future teacher in higher education institution is opened. Organizational and pedagogical conditions of effective vocational training of future teacher in higher education institution are revealed. Organizational and pedagogical conditions of effective vocational training of future teacher in higher education institution are realized. Criteria of productivity of technology of effective vocational training of future teacher in higher education institution are defined.

[Tleulesova A.Sh., Zhaparova B.M., Halelova A.H, Sergazina J.J., Sakenov D. Zh. Vocational training of future teacher in higher education institution. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):154-157] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 28

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.28

Keywords: r Vocational training, future teacher.

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 Interrelation of Tolerance Formation and Social Experience

Tatiana Leonidovna Shaposhnikova, Marina Leonidovna Romanova, Tatyana Pavlovna Hlopova, Natalia Aleksandrovna Tarasenko

FGBOU VPO "Kuban State Technological University", Moskovskaya Street 2, 350072, Krasnodar, Russia

mobileaia2013@yandex.ru

Abstract: This study is aimed to find interrelation between tolerance formation and social experience of students. It is known that the key result of upbringing as a function of the education system is learned by a person social experience needed for living in a society - individual synthesis of memorized feelings and emotional experiences; knowledge, skills, techniques; ways of communication, thinking and activities, internalized axiological orientations and social mindsets. Components of social experience are: knowledge and skills, axiological orientations, activities which are implemented by a person when exploring elements of external environment and interacting with them. However the relationship between formation of individual social experience and tolerance has not been defined to a full extent yet. This hinders study of factors of formation of a student's personality in continuous educational space.

[Shaposhnikova T.L., Romanova M.L., Hlopova T.P. Tarasenko N.A. Interrelation of tolerance formation and social experience. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):158-162] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 29

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.29

Keywords: student, educational process, personal and professional development, individual social experience, tolerance, interrelationship.

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Formation of Communicative Competence of Future Doctors in the Process of Foreign Language Teaching in the Condition of Information

Zharylkasyn Kerimbekovich Onalbek, Dilara Zhuasbekovna Ernazarova, Ikilas Syindikovich Moldaliev, Aiman Kalyshbaevna Risbekova, Usenbek Rahmetovich Rahmet, Alina Kuandykovna Bimaganbetova

Ahmed Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, 29 B. Sattarkhanov Avenue, 161200 Turkistan, Kazakhstan. mail.dilya@mail.ru

Abstract: Current trends of modernization of educational programs demand introduction of modern methods of training. The increasing introduction of new information technologies in educational process of A.Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University promotes increasing of efficiency of formation informative and communicative competence of future doctors in teaching foreign languages. One of the actual problems of training of specialists of the international level is development of methods of formation of information and communicative competence of future doctors. Additionally the authors consider that training by means of communicative techniques and methods will be more effective if it includes practical experience and feedback as well as theoretical material. The article also shows the results of the experiment carried out on the basis of the university which confirms the statement on efficiency of using competence-based approach in learning foreign languages.

[Onalbek Zh.K., Ernazarova D.Zh., Moldaliev I.S., Risbekova A.K., Rahmet U.R., Bimaganbetova A.K. Formation of Communicative Competence of Future Doctors in the Process of Foreign Language Teaching in the Condition of Information. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):163-166]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 30

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.30

Keywords: information and communicative competence, model of future doctors, learning of foreign language.

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Iran's Entry into the Global Market for Higher Education

Arsalan Zare

PhD Student of Economics and Management, National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Dushanbe

arsalan_zare@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper aims at investigating the effects of increase in scientific quality of Iranian universities and academic, welfare, and economic facilities on the convergence and entry of Islamic Republic of Iran into knowledge services market(services of the world higher education). This paper investigates the relation of internationalizing the curriculum, absorbing foreign students, developing English language in the universities, sending students to abroad, increasing scientific and technical level of universities, and allocating budget for internationalizing universities with establishment and promotion of the global higher education market as the dependent variables. The present paper is an applied research in terms of objective, and a field study in terms of data analysis. It is a library research in terms of data collection and a correlative research in terms of method. Through t-student tests, the main results of this paper approve the main hypothesis indicating Iranian universities can absorb more foreign students by increasing scientific quality and academic, welfare, and economic facilities. Also based on the structural modeling results, subordinate hypotheses indicate there is a significant relation among internationalizing the curriculum of Iranian universities (0.08), absorbing foreign students (0.150), allocating budget for internationalizing universities (0.271), sending student to abroad (0.346), increasing scientific and technical level of universities (0.274), allocating state budget and increasing academic facilities (0.203), and entry of Islamic Republic of Iran into knowledge services market (higher education services). Also the effect of the above mentioned variables on convergence and entry of Islamic Republic of Iran into knowledge services market (the global higher education services) in short- and long-term is remarkable (the model determination coefficient equals 0.501).

[Arsalan Zare. Iran's Entry into the GlobalMarket for Higher Education. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):167-172]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 31

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.31

Key words: Higher education, transnational education, higher education services.

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Genetic variations of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical specimens at Jaizan hospital in Saudi Arabia

Salha H.M. Al-Zahrani*, Nariman A.H. Aly and Nourah H. Al-Zahrani

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science for Girls, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

Corresponding author: shaalzahrani@kau.edu.sa

ABSTRACT: Among 65 Staphylococcus sp. strains isolated from clinical specimens, ten were confirmed to be Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns revealed that isolates were resistant to methicillin and oxacillin from 75 to 90%. Genetic variation among the ten candidates displayed total of 32 RAPD fragments, 24 of which were polymorphic. The mean polymorphic percentage was 75%, whereas the percentage of primer 1 was higher with 83.33% followed by primer 2 (75%). However, primer 3 displayed lower percentage with 55.56%. Genetic similarity showed high similarity of isolate 8 with 10 (88%) followed by isolates 5 and 7 (86%). Isolates 2 and 4 showed the lowest with 35%. UPGMA dendrogram revealed two main clusters, the first included two isolates 3 and 4 with bootstrap (68.4). The second divided the residual 8 isolates into two sub-clusters.

[Salha H.M. Al-Zahrani, Nariman A.H. Aly and Nourah H. Al-Zahrani. Genetic variations of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical specimens at Jaizan hospital in Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):173-178]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 32

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.32

key words: Staphylococcus aureus isolates, RAPD analysis, patient, clinical specimens.

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Optical Wired/Wireless Communication Using Soliton Optical Tweezers

S. E. Alavi ¹, I. S. Amiri ², S. M. Idrus ¹, J. Ali ²

 ¹ Lightwave Communication Research Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

² Institute of Advanced Photonics Science, Nanotechnology Research Alliance, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

(UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia

Abstract: The aim of this study is to generate nano optical tweezers to be connected to an optical quantum signal processing system in order to transmit quantum photon via an optical communication link. A system of microring resonator (MRR) known as Half-Panda is proposed to generate nano optical tweezers. Optical tweezers can be used to transport molecules in a communication link. The dark soliton propagates inside nonlinear MRR. Transportation of molecules or photons is implemented when the dark soliton is used as input pulse. The input Gaussian soliton is used to control the output signal at the through and drop ports of the system. Output nano optical tweezers can be connected to the quantum signal processing system consisting of a receiver and transmitter. The receiver will detect the signals of optical tweezers and transmit them via wired/wireless as quantum bits. The transmitter will generate the entangled photon pair which propagates via an optical communication link. Here the smallest nano optical tweezers signals with width at half maximum (FWHM) of 4.2 nm is obtained where the free spectrum range (FSR) of 50 nm is simulated.

[S. E. Alavi, I. S. Amiri, S. M. Idrus, J. Ali. Optical Wired/Wireless Communication Using Soliton Optical Tweezers. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):179-187]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 33

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.33

Keywords: Half-Panda, Nano optical tweezers, quantum entangled photon.

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Entrepreneurship Training in Bangladesh: A Case Study on Small and Cottage Industries Training Institute

Mohammad Tahlil Azim

Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah -21589, Saudi Arabia, tahlilazim@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper attempts to evaluate the entrepreneurship development training program of Small and Cottage Industries Training Institute (SCITI) of Bangladesh in terms of its content, design, approaches of delivery and effectiveness. This is a qualitative study based on data collected through internet, direct interview with the Principal and faculty members of SCITI, and telephone interview with the trainees participated in the training within one year of the study period. It follows the second tire i.e. Pre and post course/program of evaluation framework developed by Jack and Anderson (1998). It also emphases on the inputs of the program like program design, contents, approaches of delivery, and characteristics of the facilitators as highlighted by Hytti et al. (2002). Given the shorter duration, the entrepreneurship development program of SCITI can be considered a rich initiative in terms of its contents and approaches. The extensive use of various activities, games and exercises facilitates active involvement of the learners. However, the program should put more emphasis on the development of creativity among the participants and some of the most important entrepreneurial traits like need for achievement, internal locus of control and risk taking propensity should be dealt with more rigorously in the program.

[Azim, MT. Entrepreneurship Training in Bangladesh: A Case Study on Small and Cottage Industries Training Institute. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):188-201] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 34

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.34

Key Words: Entrepreneurship, Training, Small Business, Bangladesh.

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Comparing the Effects of “Hands-on” and “Hands-off” Educational Techniques on Exclusive Breastfeeding among Primiparous Mothers

Roya Baghany¹, Seddigheh Azhari², Farideh Akhlaghi³, Yaser Tabaraei⁴, Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi^5*

¹Midwifery M.Sc., Scientific Board of Sabzehvar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzehvar, Iran.

²Midwifery M.Sc., Scientific Board of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

³Obstetrician and Gynecologist and Scientific Board of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran

⁴MS in Biostatistics, Public health School-Health School-Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), Sabzevar, Iran

^5*Department of Pediatric infectious disease, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran

*Corresponding Author: shokrollahi.mohammadreza@yahoo.com

Abstract: Exclusive breastfeeding is undoubtedly significant in the mother’s health and liveliness and the infant’s growth and development. Considering the important role of good training in promoting mothers’ awareness and, as a result, increasing exclusive breastfeeding; and taking adult learning principles into account, the current study was conducted in order to compare and contrast the effective of hands-on and -off educational techniques on exclusive breastfeeding among primiparous mothers. Method: The present study is a single-blind experimental one where 124 primiparous mothers were selected simply sampling and randomly divided into three groups. During the first two hours after childbirth, mothers in the two experimental groups were trained how to correctly hold their infants near their breast and breastfeed them through hands-off method by displaying pictures and hands-on method by individual consulting by the researchers. Participants in the control group received usual care in the ward. Participants were observed and tested during the first, fourth, and eighth weeks after the childbirth. Data collecting was carried out through interview forms, examination and observation, breastfeeding status list, and exclusive feeding forms. Collected data were analyzed through chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and independent t-test using SPSS 11.5. Significance level was assigned at 0.05 and the study power was 80%.Results:During the first, fourth, and eighth weeks, the frequency of exclusive breastfeeding was respectively 71.4%, 61.9%, and 47.6% in hands-off group, 47.6%, 26.2%, and 9.5% in hands-on group, and 32%, 22.5%, and 15% in usual group, which proved a significant difference regarding the three groups’ observation during those three periods (P=0.000).Conclusion and Discussion:Hands-off technique was associated with an increase in exclusive breastfeeding during the first 8 weeks after childbirth.

[ Roya Baghany, Seddigheh Azhari, Farideh Akhlaghi, Yaser Tabaraei, Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi. Comparing the Effects of “Hands-on” and “Hands-off” Educational Techniques on Exclusive Breastfeeding among Primiparous Mothers. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s): 202-207](ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 35

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.35

Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding; hands-on technique; hands-off technique

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The Frequency and Etiology of Exchange Transfusion among Hospitalized Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia in Qom, Iran from 2001 to 2011

Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi, Hosein Heydari, Leila Nasehi, Zahra Movahedi^*

¹Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Qom, Iran

*Corresponding author: movahedizahra@yahoo.com

Abstract: Jaundice is a common neonatal disease caused by the limited ability of a newborn to metabolize indirect bilirubin, culminating in hyperbilirubinemia. This in turn may predispose the newborn to kernicterus and other complication if not managed promptly. One of the most common management is exchange transfusion. This study aims to determine the frequency and etiology of exchange transfusion performed for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Qom, Iran. Material & Methods: In this cross sectional study, the researcher reviewed medical records of 144 newborns who underwent exchange transfusion at Children Hospital in Qom, Iran, from 2001 to 2011. Birth weight, sex, the weight before admission, serum bilirubin on admission and during exchange transfusion, gestational age, blood group and Rh of mother and newborn, complete blood count, total and direct serum bilirubin, direct Coomb’s test, reticulocyte count, TSH, and G6PD activity were determined. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 11.5). Results: Results showed exchange transfusion was performed due to ABO incompatibility (36.5%), Rh incompatibility (14.5%), G6PD deficiency (5%), G6PD deficiency and ABO incompatibility (4%), and other reasons (40%). The mean bilirubin level at admission was 27.3 mg/dl and mean bilirubin level during exchange transfusion was 26 mg/dl. The mean level of serum bilirubin was 27.3 mg/dl on admission and 26 mg/dl during exchange transfusion. Symptoms of kernicterus appeared in 10 newborns, out of whom 5 (50%) were due to ABO incompatibility, 1 due to Rh incompatibility (10%), 1 due to Rh incompatibility (10%), and 3 (30%) for other reasons. Conclusion: Early detection of ABO and Rh incompatibility and G6PD deficiency in the affected newborns may be important for reducing the risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia, kernicterus, and the need for exchange transfusion.

[ Mohammad Reza Shokrollahi, Hosein Heydari, Leila Nasehi, Zahra Movahedi. The Frequency and Etiology of Exchange Transfusion among Hospitalized Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia in Qom, Iran from 2001 to 2011. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):208-211]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 36

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.36

Key Words: Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonate, Exchange Transfusion, Kernicterus.

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Evaluation of E-cadherin (CDH1) Gene Polymorphism Related To Gastric Cancer In Kurdish Population

Mohammad Nazir Menbari¹, Seyed Ali Rahmani¹, Abbas Ahmadi², Farid Zandi³, Nader Bagheri^4, Akbar Jalili¹, Neda Menbari⁶, Alireza Gharib⁷, Ali Jalili^2,5*

¹Department of Science, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University- Ahar- Iran

²Kurdistan Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

³Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Soran University, Kurdistan region-Iraq

⁴Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

⁵Department of Immunology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

⁶Department of Veterinary, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

⁷Deputy of Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

*Corresponding author: ali130@gmail.com

Abstract: Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection induces inflammation in gastric mucosa that may progress to gastric cancer that causes of much mortality. This cancer is a multistage process involved changes in environmental, genetic and epigenetic factors. Polymorphism in promoter of CDH1 gene is associated with reduced E-cadherin protein expression. Gastric cancer is associated with multiple changes nucleotides in CDH1 gene. Aimed: We were evaluating -160 (C>A) CDH1 gene polymorphism associations with gastric cancer in Kurdish population. Methods: A total of 306 biopsies taken from corpus of 144 gastric cancer patients and 162 nonulcer dyspepsia patients were classified as H.pylori-infected and H.pylori-uninfected. All diagnoses confirmed pathologically and molecularly. Polymorphism in -160(C>A) CDH1 was evaluated by PCR-RFLP. Results: Polymorphism of -160 (C>A) CDH1 in H.pylori-uninfected and H.pylori-infected groups were not associated with gastric cancer (p > 0.05). Also there was not relationship between -160(C>A) CDH1 genotypes and H.pylori infection susceptibility (p > 0.05). We found significant relationship between CC genotype and survival time among gastric cancer patients (p = 0.01). Conclusion: -160(C>A) CDH1 polymorphism may regardless of presence or absence of H.pylori, don’t influences gastric cancer sensibility in Kurdish population. In other hand CC genotype, as a good trait, increases period of life for Kurdish cancer patients.

.[ Mohammad Nazir Menbari, Seyed Ali Rahmani, Abbas Ahmadi, Farid Zandi, Nader Bagheri^, Akbar Jalili, Neda Menbari, Alireza Gharib, Ali Jalili. Evaluation of E-cadherin (CDH1) Gene Polymorphism Related To Gastric Cancer In Kurdish Population. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s): 212-216].(ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 37

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.37

Keywords: E-cadherin, Kurdish population, polymorphism, Helicobacter pylori, CDH1gene

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Assessment Of Variation In Soil Parameters, For Design Of Lightly Loaded Structural Foundations

Muhammad Usman Arshid ¹, Faisal Shabbir ¹, Jawad Hussain ¹, Ayub Elahi ¹, Afaq Ahmed ¹, Imran Khan Tahir ²

¹ Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Pakistan.

²Assistant Manager, Telenor Pakistan Pvt. Ltd.

ABSTRACT: Assessment of variation in soil parameter is required to proceed for structural design of foundations. This study aims to develop the zoning of the project area on the bases of extensive experimental work in laboratory and field tests performed at the number of locations of the project area. The zones are developed based on similar characteristics of different soil parameters. The data points have been marked on the base map of the study area along with the boundaries of the zones. The experimental data of the study area has shown potential for development of three zones. The subsurface soils in zone A consist of low plastic fill material up to 2.0 m depth overlaying low plastic clay from 2.0 m to 4.0 m and low plastic clay/clayey silt beyond 4.0 m depth. Zone B consists of low plastic clay and clayey silt up to the depth of 4. meter overlaying clayey silt to silt with sand material from 4.0 m to 6 m depths and gravel with sand beyond 6.0 meter depth. In zone C, low plastic clay/clayey silt is found up to 2.0 m depth overlaying silty sand up to 4.0 m depth and gravel with sand beyond 4.0 m depth. Number of blows (N Value) of standard penetration test (SPT) for Zone A is less than 8, for Zone B, it ranges from 8-15 and for Zone C, N value is greater than 15. The resultant data can be helpful during planning stage of the project and during feasibility study of mega projects. The research work is extendable to develop the geotechnical zoning map of any specific area and it can be part of building code.

[Muhammad Usman Arshid, Faisal Shabbir, Jawad Hussain, Ayub Elahi, Afaq Ahmed, Imran Khan Tahir. Assessment Of Variation In Soil Parameters, For Design Of Lightly Loaded Structural Foundations. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):217-220]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 38

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.38

Keywords: Soil parameters, Geotechnical zoning, Structural design, Standard penetration tests

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Evaluation of Crohn's disease Activity: comparison of magnetic resonance enterography with conventional colonoscopy, laparotomy and biopsy

Rouhollah Abdi^1*, Ramazan Jafari², maryam barzin³, Hafez Fakheri⁴, Vahid Hosseini⁵, ghasem janbabai⁶

^1* Department of Radiology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari-Iran.

Radiologist, Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari-Iran Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini,

(Corresponding author, Email: sian_abdi@yahoo.com)

^{2, 3} Department of Radiology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari-Iran.

^{4, 5} Department of gastroenterology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari-Iran.

⁶ Cancer research center, Mazandaran University of medical sciences, Sari-Iran.

Abstract：Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents a noninvasive imaging tool in assessing Crohn’s disease activity because of its high soft tissue resolution, multi-planarity and lack of radiation. To evaluate this approach for patients with inflammatory bowel disease, we compared MRI with laparotomy, colonoscopy and biopsy to assess the presence and extent of ten sign of bowel inflammation and define a diagnostic criterion. Methods: 41 patients who were suffering from crohn's and had been under colonoscopy or laparotomy and biopsy, were studied with MR Enterography. The existence of 10 sign of Crohn's disease was assessed. Results: MRI with regard to the carried -out protocol of this study, led to the proper diagnosis of 19 cases out of the 21 cases of the active Crohn's disease confirmed by laparotomy or colonoscopy and biopsy. Generally, the sensitivity and specificity of MRI were assessed 90.5% and 90% respectively (PPV=95%, NPV=81.8%). The symptoms related to mural involvement of small bowel including mural thickening, enhancement, edema, stratification, multi segmental involvement and comb sign were of high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: MRI has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing Crohn's disease activity and is an excellent imaging modality for assessment of Crohn's disease activity.

[Rouhollah Abdi, Ramazan Jafari, maryam barzin, Hafez Fakheri, Vahid Hosseini, ghasem janbabai. Evaluation of Crohn's disease Activity: comparison of magnetic resonance enterography with conventional colonoscopy, laparotomy and biopsy. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):221-228]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 39

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.39

Keywords: MR Enterography, Stratification, Comb sign, Crohn's disease, Activity

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Investment activities in its function as the factor of diversification of the economy of the Mangistau region

Mira Amirkhanovna Koshimova

Caspian State University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh. Esenov, 32 Microregion, the city of Aktau, 130000, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The Government Program of Intensified Industrial and Innovative Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2010-2014 targets ensuring stable and balanced growth of the economy through diversification and improvement of its competitiveness, enhancement of social orientedness of the development of high priority economy sectors and the implementation of investment projects, provisioning of a favorable environment for industrialization, formation of economic growth centers based on economically reasonable territorial arrangement of economic potential, provisioning of efficient interaction of the government and the business in the course of development of the economic sectors of high priority. In this article, the author thoroughly analyzed the investment problems of a particular region of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

[Koshimova M.A. Investment activities in its function as the factor of diversification of the economy of the Mangistau region. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):229-232] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 40

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.40

Keywords: Diversification, economic growth, first-priority sector, economic potential, monopolization, mineral reserve base, investment, inversion.

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Genesis of Hypertension in Obese Children Associated with the Insulin Resistance

Zhanar Zhenisovna Nurgaliyeva¹, Lidiya Kikbaeyvna Khituova¹, Pakytkanym Kabdukaevna Ishuova², Gulshat Matayevna Kulniyazova³ and Svetlana Grigoriyevna Davydovich³

¹Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D.Asfendiyarov

Тhe Republic of Kazakhstan, 050000, Almaty s., Tole-Bi Street 88

²Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children's Surgery

Тhe Republic of Kazakhstan, 050040, Almaty s., Al-Farabi Street 146

³TheWest Kazakhstan State Medical University named after Marat Ospanov

Тhe Republic of Kazakhstan,030012, Aktobe, Maresyev str. 68

Abstract: Obesity and the associated insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and a metabolic disorder, as a consequence of it, substantially contribute to the genesis of the hypertension. The influence of the insulin resistance in the 127 obese children with metabolic syndrome on the genesis of hemodynamic disorders, including the hypertension, was studied. In case of the complete metabolic syndrome the hypertension was observed in 73% of the children, at the same time in 63% of cases it was a sustained hypertension.

[Nurgaliyeva Zh.Zh., Khituova L.K., Ishuova P.K., Kulniyazova G.M., Davydovich S.G. Genesis of Hypertension in Obese Children Associated with the Insulin Resistance. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):233-236] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 41

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.41

Keywords: children, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome.

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Customer Satisfaction in Apartment Buildings: The Case of Jordan

Ghaleb J. Sweis¹ (Corresponding Author), Rana M. Imam ², Ghaith M. Kassab ³, Rateb Sweis⁴

1- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan 11942

2- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan 11942

3- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan 11942

4- Department of Business Administration, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan 11942

E-mail: gsweis@ju.edu.jo

Abstract: Service quality is a critical element of customer loyalty. To ensure customer loyalty, firms must satisfy their customers with the products or services they provide. In recent years, the Jordanian housing industry has witnessed a rapid rise in the number of constructed residential apartment buildings. Hence, this paper focuses on apartments in Amman (the Jordanian capital) to identify, describe, and measure factors contributing to customer satisfaction with apartment housing. Four zones were chosen to incorporate significant variation in the apartments’ materials, finishes, amenities, and budgets into the data. We developed a survey to explore customer satisfaction with apartment housing in Amman. Residents in zone A were found to be the most satisfied with their apartments. In addition to identifying the zone which contained the most satisfied inhabitants, we identified variables that significantly affect residents’ satisfaction with their housing. Apartment building developers can utilize these results to attend to those features that apartment inhabitants value, thereby increasing their competitive advantage in the marketplace. Future research could replicate the adopted methodology on apartment residents in other countries.

[Sweis G, Imam R, Kassab G, Sweis R. Customer Satisfaction in Apartment Buildings: The Case of Jordan. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):237-245] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 42

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.42

Keywords: Customer satisfaction; Apartment buildings; Housing; Construction.

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An Exploratory Study of Green IT Adoption Issues among SMEs

T. Ramayah ¹, Khor Kuan Siew², Noor Hazlina Ahmad ¹, Hasliza Abdul Halim¹, May-Chiun, Lo³

^1. School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia

^2. Sunway University Business School, Bandar Sunway, 46150 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

^3. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Economics and Business, 94300 Sarawak, Malaysia

ramayah@usm.my

Abstract: Green information technology (Green IT) involves systematic consumption of resources through the utilization of IT infrastructure during various stages of product lifecycle to reduce emissions intensity while conserving the wellness of environmental and human health. The focus of this paper is to explore the views and issues of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), who have already implemented Green IT practices, through the use of structured questionnaire. Ten respondents who held various positions in SMEs were interviewed to gauge some of the concerns and challenges experienced by respective companies when implementing Green IT. We elicited their responses on the extent to which they have implemented Green IT practices in their organizations, the experience and pressures that drive the implementation of greener business processes, and also how the implementation have benefited business from the perspective environmental performance. Suggestions on future extensions for those who wish to investigate this study from the context of SMEs are also presented.

[Ramayah, T, Khor, SK, Noor Hazlina, A, Hasliza, AH, May-Chiun, L. An Exploratory Study of Green IT Adoption Issues among SMEs. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):246-255] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com/. 43

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.43

Keywords: Green IT; extent of implementation; experience; institutional pressure; environmental performance; SMEs

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The necessary factors in formation of new transportation systems in sustainable development condition

Agel Asadof

Department of Economics,Azerbaijani Academy of Sciences,National University of Baku

Abstract: Sustainable development derives from a holistic discipline that all of its aspects must be considered. Transportation as one of effective sectors on economy should develop aligned with other socio-economic sectors. Since a strong correlation exists between transportation efficiency and general efficiency of economy. In The process of socio-economic development in different countries a positive and direct correlation is between expansion of transportation and achievement to rate of economic growth. In other words, along with increase of GDP, value added rate of the transportation sector maximizes as well, that is why economic growth and development augment based on development of the transportation sector and transportation activities are known as fundamental activities for economic growth and change. The present paper is an attempt to review the existing literature in case studies of other countries in relation to modeling, establishment and development of new transportation system in condition of sustainable development. The mentioned case studies in the present study are presented with reliable resources. The main conclusion of the current research is determination of value added factors, employment, development of business and industry as necessary factors in formation of new transportation systems in the sustainable development condition. Therefore, for a quantitative understanding and making a scientific conclusion, some suggestions are offered in final section in order to explain scientific relationship between these three variables with new transportations systems in the sustainable development conditions.

[Agel Asadof. The necessary factors in formation of new transportation systems in sustainable development condition. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):256-261](ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 44

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.44

Key words: sustainable development, economic development, indexes of sustainable development

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The effect of Intravitreal Injection of Bevacizumab (Avastin) on Diabetic Macular Edema

Naser Samadi Aidenloo, Qader Motarjemizadeh*

*Department of ophthalmology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

* Dr.mahyar@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was carried out to specify the effects of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) on diabetic macular edema, (DME) as the primary treatment of diabetic macular edema. In a quasi-experimental study, thirty eyes from thirty diabetic patients diagnosed with CSME were exposed to intravitreal bevacizumab in accordance with ETDRS standards. All patients were monitored for three months. In other words, they were evaluated within three stages: a day before the injection, 1.5 and 3 months after the injection. The examinations included visual acuity, intraocular pressure and the central macular thickness with OCT. The mean visual acuity of the patients was 0.307+- 0.1856 before the injection which improved to 0.577±0.2431 after 1.5 month and 0.417±0.2102 after three months. Having injected for three months, the average level of vision reduced remarkably in terms of statistics compared to its noticeable raise from the baseline. Before the injection, the macular central thickness was 340.6± 85.1099 whereas it reduced to 245.6±64.153 after 1.5 month off injection and 295.63±68.507 after 3 months. Macular central thickness grade increased remarkably after 3 months off the injection comparing to 1.5 month after the injection. But, it reduced noticeably compared to the baseline. This study suggests that intravitreal injection of bevacizumab significantly improved vision and decreased central macular thickness within 3 months after injection, and this treatment does not lead to any problems in the short term.

[Naser Samadi Aidenloo, Qader Motarjemizadeh. The effect of Intravitreal Injection of Bevacizumab (Avastin) on Diabetic Macular Edema. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):262-265](ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 45

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.45

Keywords: diabetic macular edema, intravitreal injection, bevacizumab (Avastin)

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Scientific and Theoretical Analysis of the Issue of Teachers' Global Competence Formation

Kuldarkhan Onalbekovna Orazbayeva¹, Ramazanovna Islamiya Khalitova¹, Nazira Omarovna Atemkulova¹, Albina Zhenisovna Anesova²

¹Kazakh Abay State National Pedagogical University, Jambula street 25, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan

²Pavlodar State University named after S. Toraigyrov, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

Abstract: Global education is based on the following concept: world information is of utter importance for human existence both in society and nature. Formation of the world view is connected with selection of factors in different spheres of knowledge, with cognition strategy, with processing of information and different mental processes such as exchange conditions. Here one of the components of the global education process is of key importance - formation of global thinking. Correct buildup of world view can support formation of global competence of teachers. Recently published book “Globalization Theory: Approaches and Controversies” edited by Held, D., McGrew A. points out only to existence of “modern theories and narratives of globalization, applied and normative" but does not mention their authors; it is a collection of articles of a number of scientists on specific issues born by globalization. Instead of theory there are many fragmentary notions of globalization; from research object it has turned into whole scientific area which is proved by recent publication of 1800-page "Encyclopedia of globalization” by R. Robertson and J. Scholte. And appearance of encyclopedias proves completely that the boundaries of theory are lost forever. That is why we can only share Taylor's opinion who in the middle of 90-s compared theories of globalization with appeared in the end of 18th century notion of internationalization and suggested that new term is able “to repeat the same chaotic way and come to the same hollow final as its 200-years old predecessor". In accordance with definition of R. Robertson made by him in 1985 globalization is a process of increasing influence of different factors of international significance on the social reality in separate countries. Robertson's definition in many sources is a key one because it covers different spheres: economic and political, informative and social and is the earliest and most complete definition of this notion.

[Orazbayeva K.O., Khalitova I.R., Atemkulova N.O., Zhenisovna A.A. Scientific and Theoretical Analysis of the Issue of Teachers' Global Competence Formation. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):266-270] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 46

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.46

Keywords: Globalization, global competence, teacher, problem of formation, competence, professional orientation, professional competence, knowledge, skills, techniques.

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Detection of CTX-Mβ-lactamase in Escherichia coli using Disk diffusion, combined disk, MIC and Multiplex PCR methods

Alireza Nourizadeh¹, Majid Eslami^2*, Amir Salek Farrokhi³, Soghra Fallahi⁴

^1- M.SC of Applied Genetics, Research Center for Health Information Management, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^2-M.SC of Medical Bacteriology, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

^3-PhdStudent of Immunology, faculty of medical science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, iran.

^4- Phd by Research student of Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Tel: 09144078609; Email: majid.bac@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: β-lactamase enzymes are CTX-Menzymes that hydrolyze cephalotine and cefaloridine better than penicillin, and also preferentially hydrolyze cefotaxime over ceftazidime. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalenceof ESLB-producing E. coli, and molecular evaluation of CTX-Mβ-lactamases using Multiplex in E. colistrains. Materials and methods: A total of 200 E.coliisolates werecollected from clinical specimens and the antibiotic susceptibility of strains was determined using Disk Diffusion method. The production of ESBL enzymes was determined using Combined Disk,Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime with and without Clavulanic Acid. Also, MIC of Ceftazidime and Cefotaxime was determined with and without Clavulanic Acid using Agar Dilution method. Finally, the presence of CTX-Mgenes was detected by specific primers using Multiplex PCR method. Findings: The drug resistance of separated isolates was determined in relation to 14 anti- Antibiotics. In the Combined Disk method,increase in inhibition zone diameter by ≥ 5mm against ceftazidime and cefotaxime with and without Clavulanic Acid as ESBL producers were identified. There were 155 isolates (77.5%) in Combined Disk method as ESBL-producingE. coli.Amongthese ESLB-producing isolates, 66 ESBL samples contained MIC_CAZ= 16-32 (µg/ml), and 24 samples contained 64 to 512. Also, 48 samples contained MIC­_CTX=4-8 and 97 samples contained 16 to 512 for CTX. 4/57% of these isolates in Multiplex PCR method were CTX-M-producers. Conclusion: The results show that the production of β-lactamase ESBL enzymes in the strains is high (77.5%), which is confirmed by Agar Dilution and Combined Disk methods. PCR method shows higher prevalence of CTX-Menzyme. Therefore, appropriate treatment is recommended in the country to prevent the spread of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains.

[Alireza Nourizadeh, Majid Eslami, Amir Salek Farrokhi, Soghra Fallahi. Detection of CTX-Mβ-lactamase in Escherichia coli using Disk diffusion, combined disk, MIC and Multiplex PCR methods. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):271-277]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 47

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.47

Keywords: E. coli, combined disk, CTX-M, ESBL, MIC, Multiplex PCR

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Detection of Amp-C type Producing Escherichia coliusing the Clavulanic acid and Boronic Acid Inhibitor and Multiplex PCR method

Majid Eslami¹, Alireza Nourizadeh^2*, Amir Salek Farrokhi³, Soghra Fallahi⁴

^1- M.SC of Medical Bacteriology, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

^2- M.SC of Applied Genetics, Research Center for Health Information Management, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

^3-Phd Student of Immunology, faculty of medical science, TarbiatModares University, Tehran, Iran.

^4-Phd by Research student of Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Tel: +98-9121835532; Email: Nourizadeh_a@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Amp-C β-lactamases which belong to Cephalosporins family, in comparison with benzyl penicillin, exhibit stronger activity against Cephalosporins like Cefoxitin, Cefotetan and oximino cephalosporin and hydrolyze them. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Amp-C producing E.coli and molecular evaluation of 6 sub-groups of respective enzymes among E.coli strains using Multiplex PCR method. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 clinical E.coli isolates were collected from clinical specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated by disk diffusion method. Amp-C enzyme production was determined using Combined Disk. Subsequently, the Multiplex PCR approach with specific primers was employed to determine the presence of 6 sub-groups of bla_Amp-C genes. Results: Patterns of resistance to 14 antibiotics for isolates was identified. In combined disk test, a ≤5mm increase in zone diameter of FOX tested in combination with Clavulanic acid and a ≤3mm increase in combination with Boronic acid and Clavulanic acid, was considered positive for Amp-C production. With combined disk method 118 strains (59%) were producing Amp-C enzyme. 26 strains with Boronic acid and 92 strains with both inhibitors were considered Amp-C phenotype, among 118 strains. Prevalence of Amp-C enzyme was 2.5% that 4 strains were CITM positive and 1 strain was both DHA and CITM positive. Conclusion: The results of phenotypic tests in this study indicate that Amp-C β-lactamase enzyme has high frequency (59%); however, low frequency of this enzyme is observed when plasmid-mediated Amp-C β lactamase was used in PCR.

[Majid Eslami, Alireza Nourizadeh, Amir Salek Farrokhi, Soghra Fallahi. Detection of Amp-C type Producing Escherichia coliusing the Clavulanic acid and Boronic Acid Inhibitor and Multiplex PCR method. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):278-283]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 48

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.48

 Key words:Combined disk, Amp-C, Boronic acid, Clavulanic acid, E.coli, Multiplex PCR

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Prevalence of head trauma causes in Bandar Abbas-Iran

Seyed Ali Alavi¹*, Mohsen Taghaviasl², Naimeh Baghr Zadeh Homaii³

¹Student Research Commmittee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

²Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shariati hospital, Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran

³Infectious & Topical disease research center Hormozgzn University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas, Iran

a.alavi.ns@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of most important causes of neurologic complications. A TBI is caused by a bump, blow, jolt, falling or penetrating wound to the head that disrupts the normal functioning of the brain. In this study we decided to determine the prevalence of head trauma causes in Bandar Abbas-Iran. Method: In this descriptive study that conducted from December 21^th to March 20^th of 2012, documents of 54 patients have been studied. Necessary information extracted from documents according a checklist. Collected data entered to SPSS version 16 Andusedt-test and one-way ANOVA to compare demographic and clinical characteristics. Results: prevalence of head trauma considered as 2.73% between all patients with trauma diagnosis. Prevalence of head trauma was meaningfully more in men rather than women. Another considerable result was the prevalence of head trauma in patients with age range between 11 to 30 years old. Conclusion: Our findings show that prevalence of head trauma among patients with trauma diagnosis was 2.73% and The most important cause of head trauma in this period of time was vehicle accidents.

[Seyed Ali Alavi, Mohsen Taghaviasl, Naimeh Baghr Zadeh Homaii. Prevalence of head trauma causes in Bandar Abbas-Iran. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):284-287]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 49

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.49

 Key words: head trauma, prevalence, TBI.

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Ergonomıc Sport Surfaces In Terms Of Lıfe-Long Sports

D. Katkat

Dept. of Sports Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

Abstract: The aim of the study was to examine different sport surfaces in term of on life-long sports. 196 sedanter, aged between 25 and 40, participated in this study. This study was executed on 8 different sport surfaces: asphalt, synthetic grass, natural grass, tile powder, soil, wooden parquet, full polyurethane and EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer). Leg strength (LS), back strength (BS) and vertical jumping height (VJH) were measured at rest and after a given training protocol on each surface. The results of the study, wooden parquet, EPDM, natural grass and polyurethane are ergonomıc sport surfaces in terms of life-long sports.

[D. Katkat. Ergonomıc Sport Surfaces In Terms Of Lıfe-Long Sports. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):288-292]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 50

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.50

Keywords: life-long sports- ergonomic sport surfaces

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Evaluation of Carbinoxamine effect on improvement of orally ketamine influence on CNS suppression in animal model

¹Ramin Aminabad*, ²Eilyad Issabeagloo, ³Deepmala Verma

1. Food and Drug Association, Medical sciences university of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

2. Department of pharmacology, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

3. Director, Society of Education, Agra, India

Ramin.Abad@yahoo.com

Abstract: Ketamine is a suitable injectable anesthetic in human and animal that has a low intestinal absorption rate. It's bioavailability in human with oral administration is %20±7 and with rectal administration in cat is %43.5±6.1. This drug has some side effects such as hypertension, histamine releasing effects, hallucination, hyper salivation (especially with oral administration) and etc. Carbinoxamine is one potent antihistamines with anticholinergic effects that can pass trough blood-brain barrier and cause suppression of CNS. Then it seems that co administration of Carbinoxamine and ketamine cause more effective and deep CNS depression effects. The aim of this study was evaluation of ketamine and Carbinoxamine CNS suppression effects in the manner of single and concomitant in cat. Ten mixed bred male & mature cats received mentioned drugs as oral route. In 2nd stage they received concomitant doses of Carbinoxamine & ketamine in the manner of mentioned method. Each animal was monitored continuously by educated experts for CNS depression signs as graded on the behavioral scales. Carbinoxamine in sub lingual administration in high doses cause only a partial ataxia. But ketamine in different doses showed a significant dose dependent effect. Concomitant administration of Carbinoxamine with ketamine improved depth & duration of CNS depression in comparison of single administration of ketamine. Results showed that a strong and long time CNS depression is achieved when they used orally.

[Naiyereh Haerifar. Evaluation of Carbinoxamine effect on improvement of orally ketamine influence on CNS suppression in animal model. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):293-297]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 51

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.51

Keywords: CNS depression, oral administration, ketamine, Carbinoxamine, cat

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Troponin I measurement as an indicator of cardiac trauma in patients with severe blunt chest trauma: A prospective study

 Gholamali Godazandeh^1*; Seyed Mahmoud Nouraei²; Nazanin Moshtaghi³ ; Pouya Tayebi⁴

^1,2,3,4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

*(Corresponding Author) Email: ghgous@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: In patients with blunt chest trauma, blunt cardiac injury (BCI) is not common but a serious injury and difficult to diagnose. Elevated serum Troponin I may suggest myocardial injury. The present prospective study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of serum Troponin I level in adult patients with severe blunt chest trauma admitted to Sari General Hospital during 2010-2011. Methods: Seventy seven patients with severe blunt chest trauma during 2010 - 2011 were enrolled. Echocardiography, ECG, cardiac monitoring and serum troponin I measurement were performed. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I with abnormal ECG and/or echocardiography findings of cardiac trauma, and Group II with normal ECG and echocardiogram and their serum Troponin I level was measured. For data analysis Chi-square and t-test were used. Results: Our findings revealed that serum Troponin I measurement has a sensitivity of only 30% and a specificity of 76% for the diagnosis of blunt cardiac trauma. Therefore, serum Troponin I level is not a sensitive and specific diagnostic test for blunt cardiac trauma. It cannot be used as a gold standard test and a normal Troponin I in a trauma patient cannot exclude BCI. Conclusions: In conclusion, raised serum Troponin I in a blunt chest trauma patient urges us to perform careful cardiac monitoring and to look seriously for BCI.

[Gholamali Godazandeh; Seyed Mahmoud Nouraei; Nazanin Moshtaghi; Pouya Tayebi. Troponin I measurement as an indicator of cardiac trauma in patients with severe blunt chest trauma: A prospective study. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):298-301]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 52

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.52

Key-words: Troponin -a complex, Troponin I, Blunt chest trauma, Blunt cardiac injury

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Methodical approaches to a strategy of diversification to advance domestic production of medicines

Rauan Botabayeva¹, Clara Shertaeva², Olga Blinova², Ubaidilla Datkhayev¹, Alma Shopabaeva¹, Nurlan Zhanabayev³, Kairat Zhakipbekov¹

¹Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Kazakhstan, Almaty

²South Kazakhstan State Pharmaceutical Academy, Kazakhstan, Shymkent

³International Kazakh-Turkish University H.A. Yassaui, Kazakhstan, Shymkent

kairat_phd@mail.ru

Abstract: This paper presents the results of marketing studies of drug provision of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the regional level, the example of JSC "Himfarm", located in South Kazakhstan region, Shymkent. To achieve the goal we have performed STEP-analysis, which revealed the social, technological, economic and political factors affecting the development of the regional pharmaceutical market.

[Botabayeva R., Shertaeva C., Blinova O., Datkhayev U., Shopabaeva A., Zhanabayev N., Zhakipbekov K. Methodical approaches to a strategy of diversification to advance domestic production of medicines. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):302-309]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 53

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.53

Keywords: pharmaceutical market, management, diversification, medicines, Korvatableta

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Linkage Analysis For Dfnb23 / Usher1f Locus

*¹Sajid Ali, ¹Bashir Ahmad, ²Shumaila Bashir, ¹Nourin Mahmood, ³Javid Ali

¹Pharmabiotech Research Lab, Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, KPK- Pakistan.

² Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar. KPK- Pakistan.

³PCSIR Laboratories Complex Jamrud Road Peshawar KPK-Pakistan

E-mail addresses: vet_sajid@yahoo.com

Abstract: Consanguineous families with multiple affected individuals of different casts were studied for the molecular basis of hereditary hearing loss in Pakistani population. Among the screened families, for linkage to recessive deafness locus DFNB23/USH1F, three families (PKDF338, PKDF608 and PKDF627) were found to linked to DFNB23/USH1F locus. PKDF338 was enrolled from Sialkot while PKDF627 and PKDF608 were enrolled from Balochistan. In families PKDF338 and PKDF627 deafness was profound without any history of vestibular dysfunction or retinitis pigmentosa. The ages of the affected individuals were from 5 to 17 years. Therefore these two families were linked to DFNB23 which is non syndromic locus. Family PKDF608 had the history of vestibular dysfunction. The ages of the affected individuals ranges from 12 to 30 years. Fundoscopic evaluation was not there but due to the presence of balance problem this family will be categorized as syndromic and therefore linked to USH1F. It is suggested that further genetic analysis should be done by sequencing the PCDH15 gene to identify mutations responsible for nonsyndromic and syndromic phenotypes of these families.

[Sajid Ali, Bashir Ahmad, Shumaila Bashir, Nourin Mahmood, Javid Ali. Linkage Analysis For Dfnb23 / Usher1f Locus. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):310-315]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 54

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.54

Keywords: PCR, Dominant, Haplotype, Microsatelite markers, Linkage analysis

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PCR- based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Fingerprinting of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients in Jizan Hospital, Saudi Arabia

Nourah H. Al-Zahrani*

*Department of Biology, Faculty of Science for Girls, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia

Corresponding author*: nhalzhrani@kau.edu.sa

ABSTRACT: The relationship between ten Staphylococcus aureus strains using RAPD-PCR using three primers was performed. Isolates were collected from patients in Jizan Hospital during seven months period (November 2011 to January 2012) and the results were summarized in a dendogram. Fourty three RAPD fragments ranging in size from 100 to 1900 bp were amplified, 30 of which were polymorphic while the other were common among the ten S. aureus isolates. The mean percentage polymorphism shown by the three random primers was 88.24%. The polymorphic percentage of primers1, 2 and 3 were 83.33, 90.91, 90.91, respectively. UPGMA dendrogram showed two main clusters, the first included 7 isolates whereas, the second includes 9. The second cluster divided the 9 isolates into two sub-clusters, whereas the first contained isolate 2 with low similarity (36.7%) with isolate 7. The second contained 8 isolates and subsequently divided into two branches; the first branch containing isolates 5 and 4 (47.4%) and the second divided more to two sub-branches. One contained isolates 3 and 1 (60%) and the second showed four isolates. Two isolates (9 and 6) which revealed high similarity (78.3%). Isolate 6 revealed high similarity with isolate 9 (78%) followed by isolates 9 and 10 (76%). However, isolates 2 and 7 showed the lowest similarity percentage with 22%, followed by isolates 6 and 7 (25%). All the other remaining pairs showed intermediate similarity percentages. It should be noticed that most of isolates showed lower similarity percentages and this confirmed the different genetic backgrounds between ten Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates under the present study.

[Nourah H. Al-Zahrani. PCR- based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Fingerprinting of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients in Jizan Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):316-322]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 55

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.55

key words: Staphylococcus aureus, RAPD analysis, patients, Jizan Hospital, Saudi Arabia

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The ways of increasing of dark-chestnut soil fertility in West Kazakhstan

Vladimir Stepanovich Kucherov¹, Sergei Grigoryevich Tchekalin², Maria Maksimovna Fartushina³, Kazhmurat Maksutovich Akhmedenov¹ and Guldana Zeinullaevna Kairgalieva¹

¹West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University named of Zhangir Khan, Zhangir Khan Street 51; 090009, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan;

^{2 “}Uralsk agricultural experiment station” JSC, Barayev Str.,6, 090010, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan;

³West Kazakhstan State University named of Utemissov M., Dostyk Ave., 162, 090000, Uralsk, Republic of Kazakhstan.

Abstract: The present research work shows the humus content change due to the long-term anthropogenic impact. In particular, there has been shown the humus content change under various soil treatments: plowing, flat-cutting treatment of 25-27 cm and 12-14 cm, and zero tillage. Involvement of the flat-cutting treatment (25-27 cm) in crop rotation has lead to a significant increase of humus content in soil layer of 0-40 cm in comparison with plowing on the same depth. The research has determined that under the influence of soil treatment in the 4 -field grain-fallow crop rotation with spring cultures a negative humus balance is formed. To eliminate the lack for organic matter it is necessary to add 12-16 t/ha of manure. In production, for the convenience and more effective agrotechnical solution of this problem it is necessary to apply manure in lea, based on the entire crop rotation. In the current situation in the agricultural production of the region, when the manure application is problematic, replenishment of organic matter in the soil can be done by means of the inclusion of perennial grasses in crop rotations. This is confirmed by long-term research.

[Kucherov V.S., Tchekalin S.G., Fartushina M.M., Akhmedenov K.M., Kairgalieva G.Z. The ways of increasing of dark-chestnut soil fertility in West Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):323-328] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 56

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.56

Keywords: Humus, soil fertility, organic matter, soil treatment, organic fertilizer, mineral fertilizer, perennial grasses, soil layer, yield, adaptive cultures

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57

The Republican Meat and Milk Market

Gabdrashit Musinovich Aubakirov

Kazakh Research Institute of Economics of Agriculture and Rural Development, st. Beybitshilik, 46, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan. g0058@inbox.ru

Abstract: The article analyzes the level of public self-sufficiency with meat and milk products in the republic. The relation between the meat demand and supply and the public composition is indicated. The home meat and milk is presented in dynamics showing that it has certain dependence on imported foodstuffs. Therefore, the most effective marketing channels are evaluated for the raw stock and products. The main factors of product marketing progress are the state encouragement of producers, development of the processing industry. The need to promote subsidizing and to protect home market from escalation of the imported goods, are substantiated.

[Aubakirov G.M. The Republican Meat and Milk Market. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):329-333] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 57

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.57

Keywords: meat, milk, meat products, молочные products, home market, level of self-sufficiency, livestock breeding, processing, competition, expansion, consumption, production, export, import, marketing prices, marketing channels, logistics.

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Prevention of Land’s Inappropriate Use

Zhumash Kazhenbayevich Kosanov, Nurlan Mukhtarovich Batyrbaev, Mustafa Zhanbaz and Saltanat Tynybekovna Nyshanova

H.A. Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, 29,B.Sattarhanov Avenue, 161200 Turkestan, the main campus, South Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan. yasawiun@mktu.turkistan.kz

Abstract: Along with the main causes of the need to protect agricultural areas the consequences of misuse of the land and the measures needed to prevent them are considered in this article.

[Kosanov Zh.K., Batyrbaev N.M., Zhanbaz M., Nyshanova S.T. Prevention of Land’s Inappropriate Use. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):334-338] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 58

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.58

Keywords: Inappropriate use of land, land protection, environmental protection, land conservation system, the policy of land

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59

To the Problem of Improving Environmental Regulations

Zhumash Kazhenbaevich Kosanov, Nurlan Mukhtarovich Batyrbaev, Mustafa Zhanbaz, Alina Kuandykovna Bimaganbetova

H.A.Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, 29,B. Sattarhanov Avenue, 161200 Turkestan, the main campus, South Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan. bimaganbetova-alina@mail.ru

Abstract: The research focuses on some of problems of improving environmental legislation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the work the legal nature and content of the environmental legislation, the study of the formation and development of environmental legislation in the Republic of Kazakhstan, revealed the influence of international law on the development of national legislation, studied the relationship between the principles of environmental law and environmental safety, the characteristic of legal support for economic instruments to environmental security, developed theoretical and practical recommendations, formulated proposals for improvement of the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of environmental safety.

[Kosanov Zh.K., Batyrbaev N.M., Zhanbaz M., Bimaganbetova A.K. To the Problem of Improving Environmental Regulations. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):339-342] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 59

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.59

Keywords: Environmental regulation, international law, national law, environmental protection, natural resources.

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Media Education as a Sector of Russian Economy

Irina Vladimirovna Zhilavskaya

M. A. Sholokhov Moscow State Humanitarian University, Verhnjaja Radishhevskaja ul, d. 16-18, 109240, Moscow, Russia

Abstract: In article for the first time media education is taken up as a branch of activity which at a stage of the formation acquires the traits of branch of the spiritual production revealing in an institutionalization, professionalizings, technologization and socialization of media educational processes. Media education as a field of activity remarkable for specific organization of production, special technologies and also unique type of made production: the media literate personality and media literate society. High quality of this "product" provides media safety guarantees as individual, and society as a whole.

[Zhilavskaya I.V.. Media Education as a Sector of Russian Economy. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):343-348] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 60

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.60

Keywords: Media education as branch of spiritual production, media safety, media behavior, media literate personality, media literate society, institutionalization, mass information, media education system

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Analysis of Haylage Round Bale Wrapper Operating Mechanism

Omirserik Zhortuylov¹, Kabdyrakhim Kalym², Bekbossyn Kassymbayev ³, Dimitar Karaivanov ⁴

¹Kazakhstan Research Institute for Agriculture Mechanization and Electrification, 312 Raiymbeka Ave., 050005 Almaty, Kazakhstan

²Kazakhstan National Agrarian University, 8 Abay Ave. 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan

³Kazakhstan National Agrarian University, 8 Abay Ave. 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan

⁴Chemical Technology and Metallurgy University, 8 Kl. Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria

Abstract: The construction of round bale wrapper for haylage wrapping into polymeric film is examined and recommendations suggested for increase of its efficiency. Dynamic analysis of the mechanism of round bale rotation round vertical axis is made. Dependences are derived for determination of the necessary round bale wrapper driving power. Theoretical prerequisites are presented for justification of the round bale wrapper characteristics which could be used by the designers in the development of its construction.

[Zhortuylov O., Kalym K., Kassymbayev B., Karaivanov D. Analysis of Haylage Round Bale Wrapper Operating Mechanism. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):349-352] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 61

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.61

Keywords: Dynamics, hay, wrapper, power calculation

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A Study on the Relation between Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM) and Customers Loyalty in the  International Market

Firoozeh Fouladivanda ¹, Mahsa Mohseni ², Mani Shehni Karam Zadeh ³, Aidin Barbat ⁴

^1. Master of Business Administration (Marketing), Multimedia University, Malaysia

firoozeh_fuladi@yahoo.com

^2. Master of Business Administration (Finance), Multimedia University, Malaysia

^3. Master of Business Administration (Finance), Multimedia University, Malaysia

^4. Master of Business Administration (Finance), Multimedia University, Malaysia

Abstract: This paper aims at investigating whether there is a relation between Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM) and customers loyalty in the international market or not. This paper is an applied research in terms of objective and a descriptive- analytical research in terms of data gathering and processing. Library research method has been applied to gather data required for designing questionnaires. The questions have been designed based on Likert scoring range and by using Kano Model. The statistical universe is infinite. So Mobin Net Company was selected as the server of web services; and from among organizations which implement customer relationship management in the electronic environment (web) by using services of this company, some of them were randomly selected as sample via Cochran formula. This paper has calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient via SPSS software to test reliability. To estimate validity, Kuder – Richardson method has been applied. Also Spearman correlation coefficient has been used to approve research hypotheses. Friedman ranking test reflected first to third ranks for cognitive, emotional, and active loyalty, respectively. Then factor analysis method based on new and advanced method of partial least squares structural equations has been applied to analyze more important coefficients and factors, to estimate coefficients of independent variables and to determine effect of variables on each other and appropriateness of the questions. Finally Model measurement and structural accuracy have been determined.

[Firoozeh Fouladivanda, Mahsa Mohseni, Mani Shehni Karam Zadeh, Aidin Barbat. A Study on the Relation between Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM) and Customers Loyalty in the  International Market. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):353-359]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 62

Keywords: Electronic customer relationship management, customer loyalty, customer satisfaction

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Prevalence of head louse infestations and factors affecting the rate of infestation among primary schoolchildren in Paveh City, Kermanshah Province, Iran in the years 2009 to 2010.

Boshra Vahabi¹, Ahmad Vahabi ^2*, Alireza Gharib³, Mahnaz Sayyadi ⁴, Sirvan Sayyad ⁵

¹Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sanandaj, Iran

^*2Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, School of Health, Sanandaj, Iran

³Deputy of Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

⁴Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Ghods Hospital, Paveh, Iran

⁵Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah, Iran

*Correspondence author: ahmadvahabi1348@gmail.com

Abstract: Pediculus humanus capitis is a worldwide public health concern that affects mostly primary school age children. The objective of present study was to determine the prevalence of pediculosis infestation in primary schoolchildren, in relation to socioeconomic status of the family and hygienic practices in the home. The sample size of the study was 750 pupils in 25 primary schools in Paveh city who were selected by multistage, systematic random sampling. A total of 60 (8%) students of 5 grades were infested with different rates of infestation. A standard questionnaire recorded information of students about demographic features that were filled by the students. Children aged 8-9 years showed the highest prevalence rates (41.7%) and pupils aged ≥ 12 years had the lowest rate of infestation (3.3%). There were significant relationship between head louse infestation and parents’ education, pupils’ age and father’s job (p<0.05). The prevalence of head lice was higher than those observed in many studies in Iran. Pediculosis was found to be more prevalent in children of parents with lower level of education and socioeconomic status. There is a need for increasing awareness and education of teachers and parents in health education to prevent pediculosis.

[Boshra Vahabi, Ahmad Vahabi, Alireza Gharib, Mahnaz Sayyadi, Sirvan Sayyad. Prevalence of head louse infestations and factors affecting the rate of infestation among primary schoolchildren in Paveh City, Kermanshah Province, Iran in the years 2009 to 2010. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):360-364]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 63

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.63

Key words: Pediculus humanus capitis, louse, pediculosis, school children.

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The role of immunohistochemical markers in diagnosis and prognosis of diffuse astrocytoma

Hala M El safy, Hala E- Abdel Hamied, Reda A. Hassan, Howaida M. Rezk, Eman M. Ahmed, Abeer S. Farag

Department of pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egpt

Abstract: Background: The astrocytoma is a tumor of the central nervous system derived from glial cells. Histopathologic diagnosis of diffuse astrocytoma is essential for optimal prognostic and treatment. Distinction between different tumor grades can be challenging despite criteria given by World Health Organization (WHO). Additional markers are needed to improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy. Objective: To investigate the roles of ki67, p53 and CD34 in the process of astrocytoma cell proliferation and progression and correlation of them with the malignant degree of astrocytoma, age sex and site of the tumor. Methods A total of 3o cases of diffuse astrocytomas (12 fibrillary WHO grade II, 8 anaplastic astrocytoma WHO grade III and 10 glioblastoma WHO grade IV) were immunolabeled using ki67, p53 and CD34 monoclonal antibodies and analyzed statistically with respect to grade and other relevant parameters. Results: There was a stepwise increase of Ki-67 Labeling index (LI) from low-grade to high-grade astrocytomas (6.23±1.79, 13.06±4.47, and 22.15±7.63 respectively) which is statistically significant (P – value <0.001). The microvessel density (MVD) count [assessed using anti-CD34 antibody) increased with the progression of the pathological grade of astrocytoma. The mean value of MVD expressed by CD34 were (23.74±0.69, 43.40±1.03 and 63.53±2.23 respectively). Both ki67 and microvascular density correlated with grading and age (p<0.005), but did not show significant difference among patient sex and tumor location. P53 had no significant relationship with grading (p=0.0 57), but p53 overexpression is an early event in astrocytic progression. Conclusion, Ki-67 as markers for proliferation, and MVD as a marker of angiogenesis, could be used as ancillary methods to assist tumor grading in astrocytomas and help us to predict their prognosis. P53 tumor suppressor gene is an important early genetic event in malignant transformation of astrocytomas.

[Hala M El safy, Hala E- Abdel Hamied, Reda A. Hassan, Howaida M. Rezk, Eman M. Ahmed, Abeer S. Farag. The role of immunohistochemical markers in diagnosis and prognosis of diffuse astrocytoma. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s): 365-371]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 64

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.64

Key words: astrocytoma, tumor grades,Ki-67 Labeling index, CD34, microvessel density (MVD)

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Net Generation, Threats & Opportunities for Higher Education Institutes

Sadia Basar¹, Rahatullah², Allah Nawaz³, Awais Adnan¹

¹Department of Computer Science, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, KPK, 25000, Pakistan

²Department of Computer Science, IBMS, University of Agriculture, Peshawar KPK, 25000, Pakistan

³Department of Masters of Public Administrations, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, 25000, Pakistan

sadiaa.khancs@gmail.com

Abstract: The generation getting birth during the digital age (Net-Genre) has different views and feelings about the information and communication technologies (ICTs) than their elders who also know the pre-digital era. The old generation is learning it as a new technology but net-genre is adopting it as old or existing technologies meaning that they the old generation is learning by changing themselves while net-genre is personalizing and customizing new technologies according to their individualized requirements and styles. This new creed of learners is filled with both threats and opportunities for the higher education institutions and particularly the academicians or teachers. The purpose of this paper is to bring together the diversity of findings and stand-points about the net generation with a view to identifying the emerging threats and opportunities from the situation and sorting out measures and strategies to handle it.

[Basar S, Rahat, Nawaz A., Adnan A. Net Generation, Threats & Opportunities for Higher Education Institutes. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):372-377]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 65

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.65

Keywords: ICTs, eLearning, Net-Genre, eStudent, eTeacher

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Rheological Properties and Sensory Characteristics of Green Tea Yogurt during Storage

Shabboo Amirdivani*^1,2 and Ahmad Salihin Hj Baba¹

¹Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

² Applied Science and Technology-Alifard University, Hashtgherd, Iran

* sh.mohajer1979@yahoo.com

Abstract: Malaysian and Japanese green tea extract (2%) was added to a yogurt (MGTY and JGTY). Its dynamic rheological and sensory properties were evaluated and compared to those of a plain yogurt (PY) without the added green tea extract during 28 day storage at 4 °C. The plain yogurt exhibit a more compacted casein micelle aggregates network than that of green tea yogurts which was more runny and showed low viscosity attributed to the green tea extracts. The rheological analysis showed that the green tea yogurts had lower storage modulus modulus (G') and loss modulus (G'') values in the linear viscoelastic region than the plain yogurt. Sensory evalution showed that the green tea yogurts had significantly (p< 0.05) higher scored aroma and overall acceptability than plain yogurt. Incorporation of green tea extracts increased WHC in green tea yogurts contributed to lower synersi and higher total solid content than that plain yogurt during storage at 4 °C indicating both green tea yogurts may constitute a functional food with commercial application.

[Amirdivani, S., Salihin Hj Baba, A. Rheological Properties and Sensory Characteristics of Green Tea Yogurt during Storage. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):378-390]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 66

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.66

Keywords: Rheological; Sensory Characteristics; Yogurt; forest

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Quantum Transmission of Optical Tweezers Via Fiber Optic Using Half-Panda System

I. S. Amiri ¹, A. Nikoukar ², A Shahidinejad ², T. Anwar ², J. Ali ¹

 ¹ Institute of Advanced Photonics Science, Nanotechnology Research Alliance Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81300 Johor Bahru, Malaysia

² Faculty of computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81300 Johor Bahru, Malaysia

isafiz@yahoo.com

Abstract: The aim of this study is to generate nano optical tweezers to be connected to an optical transmission link in order to transmit tweezers via an optical fiber. A system of microring resonator (MRR) known as Half-Panda is proposed to generate nano optical tweezers. Optical tweezers can be used to transport molecules in a communication link. The dark soliton propagates inside nonlinear MRR. The input bright soliton is used to control the output signal at the through and drop ports of the system. Throughput nano optical tweezers can be connected to the fiber optic with a length of 100 km, where transmission of tweezers can be performed. The optical receiver will detect the signals of optical tweezers. A transmitter system can be used to transmit the tweezers via wired/wireless link to the users in a short communication link. Here the nano optical tweezers signals with width at half maximum (FWHM) of 33 nm are obtained and transmitted, where the free spectrum range (FSR) of the pulses is 50 nm.

[I. S. Amiri, A. Nikoukar, A Shahidinejad, T. Anwar, J. Ali. Quantum Transmission of Optical Tweezers Via Fiber Optic Using Half-Panda System. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):391-400] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 67

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.67

Keywords: Half-Panda, Nano optical tweezers, Fiber optic transmission link

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Relevance of Tags to Images: A Brief Survey of Major Parameters and Evaluation Measures

Fouzia Jabeen, Shah Khusro, Saeed Mehfooz, Azhar Rauf, Jehangir Khan

Department of Computer Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan

Fouzia.jabeenphd@upesh.edu.pk

Abstract: An exciting way of finding or searching for images is by using tags. Tags are user given words to an image. These tags serve the purpose of metadata. The freedom of giving tags in any form raises questions that whether tags are relevant to image or not. The correct tag assignment will facilitate in search and navigation not only for the users that have contributed the image but also for other users interested in same. In contrast irrelevant tags contribute to semantic noise. In this paper we give brief survey of the major parameters in the literature that are used for estimation of relevance of tags with images along with evaluation measures.

[Jabeen F, Khusro S, Mehfooz S, Rauf A. Relevance of Tags to Images: A Brief Survey of Major Parameters and Evaluation Measures. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):401-404] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 68

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.68

Keywords: Folksonomy tags; tag refinement; relevant tags; evaluating parameters

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Assessment of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in Hormozgan Province

Mahmood Nekoei Moghadam¹, Elham Ahmadizadeh Fini¹, Narges Khanjani², Leyla Vali, ²Emadaddin rafiezad³, Mohammad Karim Dashtiyan⁴, Akram Ahmadizadeh Fini^5*

1- Associate, Kerman University of Medical Sciences (first author).

1- MS in Health Education Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (first author).

2- Assistant, Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

3- B.c, Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

4- B.c of of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences.

5- MPH Master of Public Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author).

Abstract: Introduction: Presently non-communicable disease count for more than 42% of the diseases worldwide and it is estimated that till 2020 they would be cause of 60% of the diseases and 73% of the mortality. In epidemiologic studies importance of non-communicable disease is mainly estimated by calculating the risk factors. Methods: In this study which is a part of non-communicable disease surveillance in Iran, 1000 people were enrolled and divided in 5age groups in urban and rural areas, and WHO standard questionnaire was completed for main risk factors of non-communicable diseases which were smoking, nutritional status, movement. Blood pressure and BMI were measured and calculated. Results: Mean BMI was 24.2, 17% had a blood pressure of higher than 140/90, 28.4 had minimal activity, 9.9% smoked daily, 78% consumed less than 5 servings fruit and vegetables per day and 25% had 1-3 risk factors. Conclusion:Regarding this fact that 25% of the studied population had 1-3 main risk factors of non-communicable diseases, and according to severe changes in lifestyle and increased unsafe behaviors especially in 15-24 year old and 64-55 year old group, necessary interventions are required to increase general knowledge on decreasing the risk factors and hence the risk of non-communicable diseases.

[Mahmood Nekoei Moghadam, Elham Ahmadizadeh Fini, Narges Khanjani, Leyla Vali, Emadaddin rafiezad, Mohammad Karim Dashtiyan, Akram Ahmadizadeh Fini. Assessment of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in Hormozgan Province. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):405-408] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 69

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.69

Key words: non-communicable, risk factors, disease

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Screening of Actinomycetes Against Multi Drugs Resistant Human Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from the Soil of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Optimization Studies of Selected Streptomyces RMN6

¹Bashir Ahmad, ¹Riaz Muhammad, ¹Sajid Ali, ²Shumaila Bashir, ^3*Javid Ali, ¹Ibrar Khan, ⁴Javed Abbas Bangash

¹Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, KPK-Pakistan

²Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, KPK-Pakistan

³PCSIR Laboratories Complex Jamrud Road Peshawar, KPK-Pakistan

⁴Directorate of Science & Technology, KPK- Pakistan

Corresponding Author: javedali_14@yahoo.com

Abstract: In the present study total 43 actinomycetes RMN1-RMN43 were isolated from the collected soil samples. To screen out active metabolites producing actinomycetes against human pathogenic bacteria, 30 Gram positive and negative bacteria were isolated from hospitalized patients. In the primary screening, 21 actinomycetes showed antibacterial potential against one or more pathogenic bacteria. Total 14 actinomycetes, RMN1-14, showed antibacterial activities through agar well diffusion assay. One isolate of actinomycete, RMN5, produced exclusively narrow spectrum bioactive secondary metabolites against E. coli with 13 mm zone of inhibition. In the secondary screening most potent actinomycete, RMN6, produced broad spectrum bioactive metabolites against ATCC bacterial culture and multi antibiotic resistant bacteria such as E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeroginosa ATCC 27553, and Staphylococci ATCC 25923 activities at the range of 14, 13 and 19 mm zone of inhibition respectively while against isolated bacterial pathogens E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (MRSA) 15, 18 and 23 mm zone of inhibition was recorded, respectively. RMN6 was identified morphologically and biochemically as Streptomyces. Different conditions were optimized for RMN6 in batch fermentation in which pH 8, 144 hours incubation period, 29^oC, 7.5% inoculum size, 3% glucose concentration and 160 rpm speed of shaking orbital incubator produced maximum activity. Maximum activity was recorded against M.luteusATCC 10240 and S.aureus (MRSA) clinical isolate as 32 and 28 mm respectively.

[Bashir Ahmad, Riaz Muhammad, Sajid Ali, Shumaila Bashir, Javid Ali, Ibrar Khan, Javed Abbas Bangash. Screening of Actinomycetes Against Multi Drugs Resistant Human Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from the Soil of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Optimization Studies of Selected Streptomyces RMN6. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):409-416] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 70

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.70

Key words: Actinomycetes, Agar well diffusion, MRSA

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Semantic Data Mining for Security Informatics: Opportunities and Challenges

Syed Ahsan, Saleh Alshomrani, Ali Hassan

FCIT, King Abdulaziz University (North Jeddah)

saehsan@kau.edu.sa, sshomrani@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: Terrorism has emerged a most serious and dangerous threat to the world. This unparallel threat seriously threatens the infrastructure, economy and the people. It is important to investigate into such systems that may help to prevent terrorist attacks by reducing its vulnerability and also minimizing the damage and recovery from attacks that occur. In order to achieve these objectives there is a need for new approaches and methods to gather, store, analyze and share intelligence and information through the use of information technology. Also, the adoption of WWW and modern Information Technologies by the terrorist organizations has necessitated the need of an IT-based counter terrorism infrastructure. In this paper we attempt to identify, i) the areas where IT can contribute in countering terrorism ii) the unique IT problems and challenges in counter terrorism applications where such applications are being used and developed, and, iii) lessons learned for developing countries so that an IT counter terrorism infra structure can be established with minimum cost in terms of time and money. We have also tried to highlight the role Information Technology and Internet have to play in counter terrorism by developing and using advanced information technologies such as Data Mining and Semantic Web. The challenges posed are discussed and initiatives to be taken are also suggested.

[Ahsan S, Alshomrani S, Hassan A. Information Technology and the World Wide Web: New Tools, New Frontiers in War against Terrorism. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):417-422] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 71

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.71

Keywords: Counter terrorism, disaster mitigation, homeland security, semantic web, data mining, heterogeneous databases, interoperability; Cognitive Distraction; Drivers; inattention; Features Extraction; Fatigue

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Increasing resistance to combination therapy among the chronic HCV 3a infected patients in KPK

Ruqiya Pervaiz ¹, Ijaz Ali¹, Sajid Ali² Najib ur Rehman ¹, Farzana¹, Riaz Muhammad ², Ahmad ur Rehman Saljoqi³

Musharaf Ahmad ⁴

¹Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Agricultural University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

²Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

³Department of Plant Protection,, Agricultural University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

⁴Department of Plant Pathology,, Agricultural University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Vet_sajid@yahoo.com

Abstract: Hepatitis C is highly prevalent in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Pakistan. Combination therapies of Interferon or Pegylated Interferon in combination with ribavirin are currently being used as antiviral options. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the response rate of combination therapy among patients infected with HCV 3a in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A total of 50 patients (29 male and 21 female) belonging to different regions of KPK were enrolled for the study. All the patients were chronically infected with HCV 3a with elevated LFTs. Out of the total 50 patients, 30 (60%) showed ETR and 20 (40%) were Non Responders (NR). Follow up study indicated that all individuals with ETR developed a sustained virological response (SVR). Early virological response was observed only in 2 patients infected with HCV 3a. The response rate (60%) of combination therapy against HCV 3a infected patients of KPK and FATA is comparatively lower than earlier estimates. Our study supports the clinical observation of increasing resistance to combination therapy being experienced in the case of HCV 3a infections.

[Ruqiya Pervaiz, Ijaz Ali, Sajid Ali, Najib ur Rehman, Farzana, Riaz Muhammad, Ahmad ur Rehman Saljoqi, Musharaf Ahmad. Increasing resistance to combination therapy among the chronic HCV 3a infected patients in KPK. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):423-426] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 72

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.72

Keywords: HCV 3a, Sustained Virological Response, Combination therapy, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

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To question o question of proffesional-pedagogical preparation of future teachers for labour education at rural schools

Talgat Abubakirovich Daniyarov, Malik Zhupanbekuly Sultanbek, Alina Kuandykovna Bimaganbetova, Aida Arshabekovna Beysenbaeva, Rymshash Kameshovna Toleubekova, Aziza Zhunusbekova

Ahmed Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, 29 B. Sattarkhanov Avenue, 161200

Turkistan, Kazakhstan

bimaganbetova-alina@mail.ru

Abstract: In article to be spoken about the pedagogical conditions providing a successful ethno-pedagogical podgoktovka of the teacher to labor education of rural school students with means of kazakhksky national pedagogics. Authors theoretically proved and developed model of formation of readiness of future teacher to labor education of pupils of rural schools by means of the Kazakh national pedagogics taking into account the revealed pedagogical conditions and the main groups of the factors causing this process. And also experimentally defined and checked efficiency of realization of razkrabotanny system of preparation of future teachers to implementation of trudokvy education of rural school students by means of the Kazakh national pedagogics and developed concrete recommendations about improvement and activization of this process.

[Talgat Abubakirovich Daniyarov, Malik Zhupanbekuly Sultanbek, Alina Kuandykovna Bimaganbetova, Aida Arshabekovna Beysenbaeva, Rymshash Kameshovna Toleubekova, Aziza Zhunusbekova. To question o question of proffesional-pedagogical preparation of future teachers for labour education at rural schools. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):427-4] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 73

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.73

Key words: lifeway, working life, national traditions, readiness, system, labour education, rural school students.

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Formation of Creative Thinking of Teachers in Educational Environment of Higher Education Institute

Karakat Nagymzhanova

S. Amanzholov East Kazakhstan State University, 30 Gvardeyskoy Divizii Street, 34, Ust-Kamenogorsk city, East-Kazakhstan region, Republic of Kazakhstan 070020

Abstract: Modern trends in society call for bringing the level of preparation of institute graduates with compliance of knowledge economy requirements which mean that future teacher must not only possess necessary set of expertise but be able to generate such knowledge in future, orientate himself in difficult pedagogical situations. In the article necessity to form creative thinking is proved, different approaches to the problem of creative thinking, its formation in educational environment are shown. The results of investigation of creative thinking of future teachers are given, pedagogical technologies used for formation of creative thinking cultivation are described.

[Nagymzhanova K. Formation of Creative Thinking of Teachers in Educational Environment of Higher Education Institute. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):439-443] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 74

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.74

Keywords: Creativity, creative thinking, intellectual capabilities, creative potential of a person, communicational creativity, divergence of thinking, Balint session, problem seminar

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Ways of Increasing the Grain Crops Yield under the Farming Biologization

Beybit Nasiyevich Nasiyev

West Kazakhstan agrarian-technical university named after Zhangir khan, Republic of Kazakhstan, 090000, Uralsk, Zhangir khan Street, 51.

Abstract: In recent years the strengthening of anthropogenic impact onto an arable land, an unsystematic use of land and the lack of measures to preserve the fertility have led to the intensive soil degradation. In this regard, the priority direction was the increase of in the plant growing productivity and quality of crops while preserving the soil fertility by the biological factors activating that do not violate the natural essence and the ecological balance of agro-ecosystems. With the comprehensive research we could find an influence of organic fertilizers (animal manure, a straw, green manures) on the crop yields. In the conducted researches we have studied the dependence of crop yield on the conditions of their moisture provision, agrophysical and agrochemical indices of the dark chestnut soil.

[Nasiyev B.N. Ways of Increasing the Grain Crops Yield under the Farming Biologization. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):444-448] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 75

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.75

Keywords: Yield, aero-physical soil criterion, green manures, animal manure, straw, dark chestnut soil.

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Clinico-laboratory Diagnostics of the Metabolic Syndrome in the Risk of Cardiovascular Pathology in Children and Adolescents with Obesity 

Zhanar Zhenisovna Nurgaliyeva¹, Bolat Khabizhanovih Khabizhanov¹, Lidiya Kikbaeyvna Khituova¹, Assel Kajratovna Tulebaeva¹, Pakytkanym Kabdukaevna Ishuova², Gulshat Matayevna Kulniyazova³, Svetlana Grigoriyevna Davydovich³

¹Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov. Тhe Republic of Kazakhstan, 050000, Almaty s., Tole-Bi Street 88

²Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children's Surgery. Тhe Republic of Kazakhstan, 050040,Almaty s., Al-Farabi Street 146

³The West Kazakhstan State Medical University named after Marat Ospanov. Тhe Republic of Kazakhstan, 030012, Aktobe, Maresyev str. 68

Abstract: The excess body weight and obesity problems, as well as the metabolic syndrome associated with these conditions, are extremely topical in modern medicine, since they are entailed with the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, complications, and early disability and reduce life expectancy.

[Nurgaliyeva Zh.Zh., Khabizhanov B.K., Khituova L.K., Tulebaeva A.A., Ishuova P.K., Kulniyazova G.M., Davydovich S.G. Clinico-laboratory Diagnostics of the Metabolic Syndrome in the Risk of Cardiovascular Pathology in Children and Adolescents with Obesity. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):449-] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 76

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.76

Keywords: Children, obesity, metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular system.

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The Historical Review of the World Experience of Development and Functioning of Non-Governmental Organizations

Dinara Kenesovna Ospanova and Zauresh Galimzhanovna Saktaganova

Karaganda State University named after Evnei Arystanovich Buketov,

1000028, Universitetskaya Street, apt.28, building 3, 5 floor, Karaganda, Kazakhstan

d_k_ospanova@mail.ru

Abstract: In this article we take into consideration the experience gained by some aspects in the history of formation and development of nongovernmental organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan of various issues in society. The urgency of this research is determined by the alternative pattern of political system transformation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors of the article by performing analysis take into account the circumstance that the government gives a proper consideration and swiftly reacts to challenges arising during civil society development, and by this means notably promotes its authority and legitimacy. Thus, formation of civil society in the Republic reflects objective terms of the changes aimed at shifting Kazakhstan society towards modern economic and political relations providing stability of the state development

[Ospanova D.K., Saktaganova Z.G. The Historical Review of the World Experience of Development and Functioning of Non-Governmental Organizations. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):455-459] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 77

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.77

Keywords: Political system, nongovernmental organization, social organization, civil society, foreign social institutions, non-governmental sector, social funds.

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Information-Entropic Laws of Language as Complex Self-Organizing System

Bikesh Ospanova

Karaganda State Technical University, Mira blvd, 56, 100027, Karaganda, Kazakhstan

Abstract: In the article there are reflected the results of the study which purpose was using a measure of information amount permitting to analyze the general mechanisms of information-entropic characteristics of the texts laying in the basis of all spontaneously running in the surrounding world processes of information accumulating that lead to the system structure self-organization. There are presented some aspects of the experimental approach to calculating the text entropy, experimental data demonstrating the results. There is suggested a linguistic-mathematical model for analyzing the text structure based on the fundamental law of preserving the sum of information and entropy using Shannon’s formula, as well as a comparative analysis of the text entropic characteristics in Kazakh and Russian.

[Ospanova B. Information-Entropic Laws of Language as Complex Self-Organizing System. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):460-463] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 78

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.78

Keywords: Entropy, information, text, language, self-organizing system, study, dynamics, information theory, hierarchy

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To the Problem of Delimitation of the Expanded Sentence as an Independent Syntactic Category in Modern Linguistics

Rishat Zhurkenovich Saurbayev, Kairat Muhamedhafizovich Tekzhanov, Adilbek Dautbekovich Amrenov, Kuanysh Sovetovich Ergaliyev, Nurlan Ramazanovich Omarov

Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute, 140000, Pavlodar, Mira Street, 60, Kazakhstan

rishat_1062@inbox.ru

Abstract: The article deals with the problem of delimitation of expanded sentences from simple and complex ones. In modern linguistics, the problem of expanded sentence is disputable; some linguists trace the presence of expanding components in the structure of simple sentence, however, they hesitate to separate such type of sentence as an independent syntactic unit; the others consider, that such unit exists, and separate the third type of sentence, the expanded one, alongside with simple and complex sentences. The authors carry out the retrospective analysis of writings, devoted to the problem of this linguistic phenomenon under study. The article also deals with such notions, as expanded-coordinate and expanded-subordinate sentences in terms of the expanded sentence. The material of English and Tatar languages is used in the paper, as the study of languages, different in structure and system, provides interpenetration to the peculiarities of each language, what is not always possible, when studying only one particular language. At that, there is an opportunity to reveal and to describe one or another peculiarity of the compared languages, which can escape, when studying one particular language.

[Saurbayev R. Zh., Tekzhanov K.M., Amrenov A.D., Ergaliyev K.S., Omarov N.R. To the Problem of Delimitation of the Expanded Sentence as an Independent Syntactic Category in Modern Linguistics. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):464-474] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 79

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.79

Keywords: Expanded sentence, predicative line, semi-predicative construction, expanded-subordinate sentence, expanded-coordinate sentence

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Current Problems of State Regulation of Leasing Relations

Bolat Abduldaevich Seriyev¹, Erbol Zhaksybekovich Beisov¹, Gulnura Kenzhebaevna Kopbassarova¹, Ermek Talantuly Nurmaganbet²

¹Zhetysu State University named after I. Zhansugurov, Zhansugurov St.187 A, Taldykorgan, 049000 Republic of Kazakhstan

²Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi, Almaty, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, 050040 Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract: The article is devoted to the issue of state regulation of leasing relations. The author proves that leasing is convenient for all participants of leasing relations: to the manufacturer of equipment, lessee, investor. Leasing is beneficial for RK economy but it demands precise regulation and legal support. The essence of leasing, its financial and right foundations are being considered in the article. The classification of leasing in accordance with main activities in this sphere is given. Key advantages and disadvantages are analyzed and perspectives of its development are outlined. The author proves that current laws regulating leasing still contain some contradictions and faults.

[Seriyev B.A, Beisov E.Zh., Kopbassarova G.K., Nurmaganbet E.T. Current Problems of State Regulation of Leasing Relations. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):475-483] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 80

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.80

Keywords: Leasing, leasing operation, leasing companies, investor, lessee, main capital renewal, international leasing, investment activity, leasing contract.

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Problems of National and Language Policy in Historiography

Aiman Zeynelgabdenovna Zhumanova, Rymbek Muratovich Zhumashev

Karaganda State University named after Evnei Arystanovich Buketov, Archeology, Ethnology, and National History Department, apt.28, 5 floor, Universitetskaya Street building 3, 1000028, Karaganda, Kazakhstan

Aiman_jumanova@mail.ru

Abstract: Analysis of language policy of Kazakhstan in Soviet period of time is given in this article. Correlation of language and ethnicity, of language and culture, Kazakhstan historiography of national and language problems and questions of graphic’s reformation are considered in it. The publicists and ideologists of national movements told about questions of national and language policy in Soviet period. But scientists-historians and sociolinguists who wrote about “the flourish of languages”, about “triumph of national policy of Lenin”, about “timeliness of written language transformation into Latin and later - into Russian graphics” were at a loss. Some single publications where the scientists-specialists demonstratively expounded the language policy of the power appeared.

[Zhumanova A.Z., Zhumashev R.M. Problems of National and Language Policy in Historiography. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):484-490] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 81

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.81

Keywords: National language, national culture, language policy, national and language policy, historiography, education, culture.

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Contemporary Tendencies of the High School Didactics

A. Amirova

Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, Zhambyla Street, 25, 050010 Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The article deals with the contemporary representation of the didactics development in the conditions of a new educational paradigm. The History of General Didactics, the research of its historical, philosophical and methodological fundamentals were analyzed. It is proved that new tendencies in the educational development caused changes in its very content. It is well known the process of educational system’s reforming faces with another educational mentality and new demands concerning new educational relationships. The article draws much attention to the necessity of scientific and pedagogical basis of High School didactics developing. Moreover, the role of didactics in the system of contemporary pedagogical techniques that would help a student to become an independent personality is distinguished in the article.

[Amirova A. Contemporary Tendencies of the High School Didactics. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):491-496] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 82

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.82

Keywords: Kazakhstan, Bologna Process, didactics, the basic principles of learning, contemporary education

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Heat-and-moisture transfer at the feed meal particles drying and grinding

Ruslan Maratbekovich Iskakov¹, Sultanbek Sansyzbaevich Issenov², Assel Maratbekovna Iskakova³, Saule Halam¹, Dinara Maratbekovna Beisebekova⁴

¹ Department of Engineering Process Mechanization, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, 62 а, Prospect Pobedy, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan

² Department of Electrical Equipment Operation, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, 62 a, Prospect Pobedy, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan

³ Department of Public Health and Informatics, Semey State Medical University, 103 Abay Street, Semey, 071410, Republic of Kazakhstan

⁴Communal State Public Enterprise "Club of Settlement Shulbinsk", Settlement Shulbinsk, Semey, 071426, Republic of Kazakhstan

rus.iskakov79@mail.ru

Abstract: This article is devoted to the research of heat-and-moisture transfer in operating area of grinding and drying unit (GDU). Preliminarily grinded up and defatted animal wastes (meat and bone tankage) with 39% moisture content were the subject for drying with simultaneous grinding. Feed meal particles of animal origin were the product dried (9-10% moisture) and grinded up (2-3 mm). There were detected the main factors having effect on the air-lift drying process acceleration with the simultaneous impact-splitting grinding. Change in size of the processed material particles was analyzed in 3 sections of operating area of GDU. In the 3^rd section of operating area of GDU the particles with the size of 20 mm (60,1%) dominated. In the 2^nd section of operating area of GDU the particles with the size of 10 mm (50,1%) dominated. In the 1^st section of operating area of GDU the particles with the size of 2,7 mm (90,2%) dominated. Change of temperature and moisture content in the particles of raw product and meal of animal origin has been researched in 3 sections of operating area of GDU. In all 3 sections of operating area of GDU the temperature of the material particles under drying in center is lower than on surface but moisture content is higher. Experiment showed that there was no overheat of minor grinded up particle in the developed GDU thanks to swirling flows appearing at interaction of drying agent with the material under drying.

[Iskakov R.M., Issenov SS, Iskakova A.M., Halam S, Beisebekova D.M. Heat-and-moisture transfer at the feed meal particles drying and grinding. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):497-502] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 83

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.83

Keywords: Drying, grinding up, wastes and feed meal of animal origin, moisture transfer, and heat transfer.

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Current Issues of Industrial Property Protection in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Zhazira Saharbekkizi Saparbekova¹, Bekzat Saparbekkizi Abdullaeva¹, Mahabbat Kenzhehanovna Nakisheva², Ermek Talantuly Nurmaganbet²

¹Kazakh Humanitarian Law University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

²Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstract: In the Republic of Kazakhstan property and related personal non-property relations raising from creating, protection and use of innovation, utility model, industrial designs (hereinafter – item of industrial property) are guided by Civil Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan Chapter 52 (Special Part) and Patent Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the meantime the experience in application of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on inventions, utility models and industrial designs shows that courts investigated rare cases (only 2 for 3 years) on litigating rights to objects of industrial property. Thus legal patent protection of objects of industrial property in the Republic of Kazakhstan is of specific and complicated nature and provides demands of the society for production means and commodities.

[Saparbekova Zh.S., Abdullaeva B.S., Nakisheva M.K., Nurmaganbet E.T. Current Issues of Industrial Property Protection in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):503-510] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 84

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.84

Keywords: Kazakhstan, property relations, industry.

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Mechanisms of Political Authority Legitimation in Republic of Kazakhstan

Lyazat Маtakbaeva

Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Dostyk Ave. 13, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstract: The problem of political authority legitimation is pressing for the whole former Soviet Union. This problem is connected with the fact that modernization processes of new independent states provided the search of their own development model, creation of institutions, which could support the internal unity of a country, internal legitimacy of government agencies. The study of problems of the government legitimacy in respect to the former Soviet Union has just started, that's why the criteria, mechanisms and levels of legitimacy are in the process of formation. This article represents and analyses main forms and mechanisms of political authority legitimation in present-day Kazakhstan. Legitimation cannot be given for ever, even the greatest social assistance can be lost if it isn't being constantly confirmed by new achievements. Wielder of power tries to strengthen its legitimacy; for this purpose it uses mechanisms of political authority legitimation, which is a complex functional system that includes wielder, object, conditions, principals, means and methods taken together, which allow to perform the procedure of political authority legitimation. All the components of the mechanisms are interrelated, each performing its function, which provides the functioning of the whole system. The article pays attention to the necessity of constant legitimation performance in ideological, structural and personal senses. Mechanisms and forms of political authority legitimation in Kazakhstan have not been yet investigated.

[Маtakbaeva L. Mechanisms of Political Authority Legitimation in Republic of Kazakhstan. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):510-517] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 85

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.85

Keywords: Modernization, non-western countries, legitimation mechanisms, inner legitimation, self-legitimation.

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Comparison of Programs of Teaching Physics in Kazakhstan and Turkey

¹Abdimanat Abdrazakovich Zholdasbekov, ²Nasiba Ergeshovna Absadykova, ²Gulim Pernebaevna Meirbekova, ²Alia Khozhankyzy Sarybayeva, ²Kamalbek Meirbekovich Berkimbaev

¹M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan State University, Tauke khan Avenue 5, 160000, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan

²H.A.Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, B. Sattarkhanov Avenue 29, 161200 Turkistan town, the main campus, South Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan

kamalbey@mail.ru

Abstract: The natural sciences are essential in the technological development of countries. Therefore, special attention is given to learning natural sciences. Characteristics and differences in natural science education in Turkey is that all students must be proficient in the field of science and technology. The program of teaching physics is aimed at education of creative person, who is able to identify the physical laws in any area of life activity and at the expense of existing knowledge to develop their competence and erudition. Between the education systems of Kazakhstan and Turkey, there are some similarities and differences.

[Zholdasbekov A.A., Absadykova N.E., Meirbekova G.P., Sarybayeva A.K., Berkimbaev K.M. Comparison of Programs of Teaching Physics in Kazakhstan and Turkey. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):518-523] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 86

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.86

Keywords: Program, teaching, teaching physics, comparison.

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Cloud-based Online Portal and Mobile Friendly Application for the Holy Qur’an

Zameer Ahmed Adhoni¹, Husam Al Hamad¹, Abdul Ahad Siddiqi², Mohammd Parvez¹, Zaheer Ahmed Adhoni³

¹College of Computer, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.

²Computer Science Department, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia

³Huawei Technologies,

zameeradhoni@yahoo.co.in; hhamad@qu.edu.sa; asdqi@tabahu.edu.sa; m.prvez@qu.edu.sa; zaheekadhoni@huawei.com

Abstract: The impact of increased and varied mobile phone applications in the context of Qur’an is growing rapidly. Qur’an-based software products have been developed at the cutting edge of technological innovation. The developers and content providers do try to respond with applications which focus on specific Muslim branches and affiliations, as well as particular requirements of Islam. The paper deals with the design and development of a cloud based comprehensive online Qur’an portal, which can be accessed using any Internet enabled device. The main idea behind this work is to design and develop a dynamic portal, which makes all the reading and resource sections of it accessible to the audience across the Internet, whether they are using laptops, PCs, mobile, tablet, or personal digital assistants. The portal covers many aspects related to Qur’an, such as ‘Al-Mus'haf’, ‘reciter’, ‘translation’, ‘study materials’, ‘videos of scholars on Tajweed’, etc. The application provides a specific widget interface on a mobile phone, enabling quick access and implementing the specific multimedia features of a mobile phone. Among other features, the outcome of this work yields a resource center for Da’wah to the learners of Qur’an, whether they are students, teachers, or general public. Features like discussion forums, applications to help memorize Qur’an, Qur’an search engine, etc. are also implemented. In order to help non-Arab users, an authentic translation of Qur’an is also made available. A transliteration of Qur’an in Urdu is developed for people who cannot read Urdu but understand it. A mobile interface is created for the Qur’an portal, making it easy and efficient to be accessed from modern mobile devices, which have limited screen size. This will promote the use of Qur’an portal and associated tool from mobile phone. It is anticipated that the outcomes of this work will foster community by educating people about the Qur’an through a comprehensive portal dedicated to serve Muslims.

[Zameer Adhoni, Husam, Sidique, Tanveer, Zaheer. Cloud-based Online Portal and Mobile Friendly Application for the Holy Qur’an. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):524-538] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 87

doi:10.7537/marslsj1012s13.87

Keywords: Holy Qur’an portal; Holy Qur’an mobile; online cloud application.

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Effect of Mild Steel Strip Confinement on Ductility Ratio of RC columns

M. Fiaz Tahir¹, Qaiser uz Zaman Khan², M Ashraf³, Afaq Ahmed⁴

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila

²Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila

³Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NWFP University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar

⁴Lecturer Scholar Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila

fiaz.tahir@uettaxila.edu.pk

Abstract: Strength and ductility of reinforced cement concrete columns can be improved by providing proper confinement. This can be accomplished by increasing the number of ties, by increasing the size of ties, by increasing the yield strength of ties, properly arranging main bars around the column periphery, decreasing the spacing between ties and using welded wire fabric etc. In this work strips were employed as confinement. In this paper the test results of two 150x150x600mm RC columns have been discussed. One column was confined with stirrups and other was confined with strips of same cross-section sectional area as for standard round stirrups. The columns were tested under cyclic axial load. Hysterises loops and backbone stress strain curves were drawn. Test results show that ductility ratio of strip confined columns were improved by 52.34% respectively as compared to stirrup confined columns.

[M. Fiaz Tahir, Qaiser uz Zaman Khan^, M Ashraf, Afaq Ahmed. Effect of Mild Steel Strip Confinement on Ductility Ratio of RC columns. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):539-543]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 88